Transferring maize hybrids to a sterile basis is the most important condition for their introduction into production. In this regard, it is important to study the behavior of the initial forms of hybrids, namely self-pollinated lines, in the sterile cytoplasm.

   The purpose of the current study was to estimate the response of new self-pollinated maize lines, depending on their origin, to the “M” and “C” types of CMS, to identify natural restoring agents and complete sterility fixatives.

   The study was carried out at the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2021–2023.

   The subjects of the study were 20 new self-pollinated maize lines of various origins, 6 sources of sterility, 120 testcross maize hybrids.

   There was found that the response of maize lines depended on their origin. Lines belonging to the same group (by origin) usually had the same reaction to the Moldovan (“M”) and Bolivian (“C”) types of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). The closer the lines are related, the smaller the differences. The new self-pollinated lines of the first group ‘SL 171’, ‘SL 172’, ‘SL 174’, ‘SL 175’, ‘SL 176’ and ‘SL 177’ were characterized by complete consolidation of the type “M” of CMS (class 0). Lines of subgroup Ia were fixed, but subgroups Ib did not completely restore the type “C” of sterility. In the second group there were identified the complete ‘SL 181’, ‘SL 182’ (class 4, 5) and incomplete ‘SL 183’, ‘SL 184’ (class 2–5) reducing agents of the type “M” of sterility. There was determined that all lines of the second group perpetuated sterility of the Bolivian type (class 0). There have been identified the lines of the third group ‘SL 191’, ‘SL 192’, ‘SL 193’, ‘SL 194’, as full reducing agents of the type “M” of CMS, two of them ‘SL 191’ and ‘SL 193’ are also complete reducing agents of the type “C” of CMS (class 4, 5). All lines of the fourth group could be classified as complete fixatives (class 0, 1) of the studied types of CMS. The results obtained will improve the efficiency of work on transferring maize hybrids to a sterile basis.

   There has been presented a three-year estimation of winter durum wheat samples developed by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” sown after various forecrops according to such indicators as productivity, protein and gluten content, SDS-sedimentation, grain hardness.

   The purpose of the study was to estimate productivity and grain quality of promising winter durum wheat varieties and lines sown after various forecrops in the conditions of the southern part of the Rostov region.

   The research material included 12 samples sown after peas, maize for grain and sunflower, and in green-manured fallow. The variety ‘Kristalla’ was used as a standard. As a study result (2020–2022), there was found that the mean grain productivity of winter durum wheat varieties and lines of was ranked as follows: 8.60 t/ha when sown in green-manured fallow; 6.55 t/ha when sown after peas; 6.38 t/ha when sown after maize for grain; 4.57 t/ha when sown after sunflower. The maximum mean productivity according to forecrops was shown by two winter durum wheat varieties ‘Yakhont’ (6.98 t/ha) and ‘Lakomka’ (6.96 t/ha). According to the forecrops, the protein percentage in grain varied from 13.79 to 14.71 %, which corresponded to the first quality class, the gluten content was 25.7–27.8 % (class 2). There has been revealed that 25 % of the samples had very strong SDS-sedimentation, 67 % had strong and 8 % had an average one. According to grain hardness, there have been identified such samples as ‘Kristella’ (92 %); ‘Yakhont’ and ‘Almaz Dona’ (87 %); ‘Lakomka’ and ‘483/17’ (85 %).

   For normal alfalfa growth and development, a high supply of moisture is of great importance. The most stable fodder productivity is obtained on irrigated and floodplain lands. Though, water excess can also have a negative effect, especially on seed productivity. Alfalfa seeds can absorb large amounts of water, no less than their dry matter weight. Under a soil moisture shortage, low soil temperature and deep seeding, sprout emergence slows down.

   The main purpose of the current work was to analyze the effect of sucrose solutions of various saturations on seed germination and determine the desired saturation, which would be best used to estimate the relative drought resistance of alfalfa varieties under conditions of osmotic stress.

   The work was carried out at the “Ershovskaya ESIA, the branch of the FSBSI FARC of the South-East” in 2021–2022. There has been conducted trials to consider the effect of different solution saturations on the germination of alfalfa seeds of the varieties ‘Artemida’, ‘Yuzen’, ‘Virineya’, ‘Natali’ and ‘Sirena’. As a result of the study, there was shown that, depending on the varieties and saturation of the solution, seed germination varied from 4 to 100 %. The variety ‘Yuzen’ showed maximum seed germination of 75.2 % and a minimal decrease in germination with increasing osmotic pressure relative to other varieties. At the highest sucrose solution saturation (16.6 %), the best figures were produced by the varieties ‘Artemida’ and ‘Virineya’. Our trial has identified that to determine the relative drought resistance of alfalfa varieties, it was most effective to use sucrose solutions with a concentration of 7.4 and 16.6% for a more reliable result.

   The purpose of the current study was to identify productive collection samples with high adaptive properties for use in pea breeding.

   The study was carried out at the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “ARC “Donskoy”, located in the southern part of the Rostov region.

   The objects of study were 100 collection pea samples from the collection of the ARIGRP named after N. I. Vavilov, 47 samples of which were with a usual (leafy) and 53 samples with a leafless type of leaf.

   The variety ‘Aksaisky Usatiy 5’ was used as a standard. The years of study, differing in agroclimatic conditions during the vegetation period, made it possible to estimate collection samples according to adaptive properties. The mean productivity of the collection over the years of study was 2.10 t/ha (1.58–3.25 t/ha). Seed productivity in the group of samples with a leafless type (2.10 t/ha) was at the level with leafy samples (2.09 t/ha). At the same time, the coefficient of variation was lower in the group of leafless samples – 12.4 %, than in the group of leafy ones – 13.0 %. Seed productivity of the standard variety ‘Aksaisky Usatiy 5’ over the years of study was 2.00 t/ha, ranged from 1.42 to 3.30 t/ha. Among the leafy samples, the most productive ones were ‘OMK-3’ (2.46 t/ha), ‘221/73’ (2.55 t/ha), ‘269/80’ (2.67 t/ha), ‘525/80’ (2.68 t /ha), ‘Blagodatny’ (2.77 t/ha). Among the samples with a leafy type, the most productive ones turned out to be ‘Ramus’ (2.45 t/ha), ‘Svetozar’ (2.52 t/ha), ‘Lavr’ (2.55 t/ha), ‘Koral’ (2.56 t/ha), ‘Deviz’ (2.62 t/ha). The highest values of homeostaticity with high seed productivity were found in the samples with a usual leaf, such as ‘Blagodatny’ (4.14) and ‘525/80’ (5.23). And among the leafless samples, the best ones were ‘Deviz’ (7.57) and ‘Koral’ (7.60). The study results on the homeostaticity of seed productivity of pea samples were used in breeding work when selecting parental forms for hybridization.

   Common barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important agricultural crop, when the applied biotechnology methods are used for the development of new varieties. One of the promising biotechnological approaches is the production of haploid plants from anther culture or isolated microspores. The efficiency of these androclinium-based methods depends on the developmental phase of microspores in the anthers. For cereals, the optimal stage of development is a mononuclear, highly vacuolated microspore.

   Considering the labor intensity of cytological control of the stages of formation of haploid germ cells for routine biotechnological procedures, a reliable and simple method for selecting ears with microspores at the optimal stage of development is required. In this regard, the purpose of the current study was to identify an effective morphometric parameter corresponding to the highly vacuolated mononuclear stage of microspores in the anthers of common barley of domestic varieties ‘Leon’, ‘Fox 1’ and ‘Ratnik’ and the reference variety for genetic transformation ‘Golden Promise’, for the introduction of these varieties into in vitro culture.

   In all studied genotypes, there has been found polymorphism of microspores, due to the asynchrony of their development. The largest number of highly vacuolated microspores was established for the domestic variety ‘Leon’. In the search for a morphometric parameter associated with the optimal stage of microspores, there have been analyzed such indicators as the interval distance between the flag leaf and the second one (F-2l), the interval distance between the flag leaf and the tip of the ear located in the tube (F-K), the length and width of the ear, and also calculated the morphometric criterion (ratio of F-2l:F-K), previously proposed to determine the optimal stage of anther development in a number of genotypes of spring bread wheat. There has been established that, of all the parameters studied, the stage of development of microspores as initial androclinium cells can be determined using a morphometric criterion. However, it is important to remember that, in addition to the intravarietal asynchrony of microspore formation, there is high intervarietal variability, therefore, the values of the morphometric criterion should be selected for each variety introduced into the biotechnological process.

   The current paper has presented the experimental results of estimating the influence of moisture availability on productivity and yield structure elements of the winter wheat varieties. There have been studied 11 winter common wheat varieties of a semi-intensive type developed in the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”.

   The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of different soil moisture levels on the yield and its structural elements of winter wheat.

   The varieties were tested in laboratory conditions by simulating soil drought (sucrose solution was with an osmotic pressure of 16 atmospheres), as well as on a vegetation plot “zasushnik” with optimal and insufficient moisture. When determining potential drought resistance based on the ‘seed germination’ indicator, the studied varieties were divided into three resistance groups. The varieties ‘Ayuta’ (83.3 %) and ‘Volnitsa’ (82.1 %) were highly drought-resistant, which significantly exceeded the standard variety ‘Don 107’ (70.3 %) (НСР05 ± 6.0 %). The estimation of varieties in contrasting moisture conditions made it possible to identify stable yield traits, such as ‘length of a head’, ‘number of grains per main head’ and ‘grain weight per main head’, and ‘1000-grain weight’. High depression values under drought conditions were established according to ‘number of productive stems’, ‘length of a head’ and ‘1000-grain weight’ (6.5; 7.0; 12.0 %, respectively). There has been found a correlation between the laboratory and vegetation estimation of the trial. The correlation coefficient between resistance to lack of moisture in soil (number of viable seeds) and a depression degree of yield indicators (‘number of productive stems’, ‘length of a head’, ‘number of grains per main head’, ‘grain weight per main head’, ‘1000-grain weight’) ranged from 0.32 to 0.98. There have been identified the varieties ‘Zhavoronok’, ‘Polina’, ‘Premiera’ and ‘Podarok Krymu’, combining laboratory drought resistance with a complex of productivity traits.

   The purpose of the current work was to identify photosynthetic parameters that are predictors of barley drought tolerance, determined at early stages of development, and to verify the results obtained in field conditions.
   The study was carried out with the barley varieties ‘Leon’, ‘Ratnik’ and ‘Foks 1’, used in mutation breeding to develop drought-resistant genotypes. Drought was modeled by stopping irrigation. Plant resistance was estimated by changes in chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv /Fm, Y(II), NPQ) and morphometric parameters (leaf length, wet and dry weight) compared to the control group with normal water supply. Under stress-free conditions, the variety ‘Leon’ demonstrated a statistically significantly lower efficiency of photosynthesis in terms of Y(II) and Fv /Fm (0.535 ± 0.005 and 0.776 ± 0.004, respectively) in comparison with other varieties (0.577 ± 0.005 and 0.788 ± 0.001 for the variety ‘Foks 1’; 0.574 ± 0.004 and 0.787 ± 0.001 for the variety ‘Ratnik’). When modeling drought, there has been established a decrease in all morphometric indicators for all varieties relative to the control, with the highest degree of inhibition for the variety ‘Ratnik’ (70.16 ± 3.88 %; 8.09 ± 0.73 %; 68.50 ± 4.42 % for leaf length, wet and dry weight, respectively) and with the lowest degree for the variety ‘Leon’ (88.06 ± 7.83 %; 26.51 ± 7.11 %; 79.32 ± 11.17 %, respectively). A decrease in the photosynthesis intensity was manifested in the suppression of Fv /Fm and Y(II) and an increase in NPQ, with the earliest changes in the parameters Y(II) and NPQ in the varieties ‘Foks 1’ and ‘Ratnik’ (on the 4^th and 5^th day, respectively), compared to the variety ‘Leon’ (on the 7^th day). In the field conditions, there has been estimated productivity of the varieties and its dependence on precipitation. A positive correlation between the difference in yield of two varieties ‘Leon’ and ‘Ratnik’, contrasting in their response to drought, and the amount of precipitation during the active vegetation period in 2014–2017 and 2022 (Pearson’s R2 = 0.77, p < 0.05) has been identified. The most sensitive parameters of photosynthesis, which can be used to predict resistance to moisture deficiency, were Y(II) and NPQ.

   Nowadays particular attention in winter wheat breeding is paid to the introduction of biotechnological methods. The culture of immature embryos in vitro is an alternative way to produce hybrids that often do not develop fully in vivo.

   The purpose of the current study was to estimate the ability of immature embryos of interspecific winter wheat hybrids for callus induction, morphogenesis, and plant regeneration on artificial nutrient media, as well as to select optimal conditions for obtaining full-fledged plants with all the botanical characteristics of the species.

   The research material included 5 hybrid combinations of interspecific crosses between durum (Triticum durum DESF.) and common (Triticum aestivum L.) winter wheat. The material was collected during one field season (2022). Immature embryos were used as explants. Culture media were according to Murashige-Skoog (MS), and they differed in the content of hormones and organic substances. There has been found that the hybrid combinations were characterized by a variety of morphogenic responses. The manifestation of callusogenesis was not high enough and averaged 22–32 % depending on the nutrient medium. Rhizogenesis averaged from 1–6.7 %, and ended with the formation of roots. The process of formation of embryoid- and hemmorizogenesis was best demonstrated by the hybrid combination No.1, and on two media. All processes of morphogenesis excepting ‘rhizogenesis’ varied greatly among hybrid combinations. The largest number of regenerated plants was obtained from hybrid combination No.1 (61 pcs., 54.5 %). After vernalization and acclimatization, 38 % of the plants survived from the number of planted embryos. The largest number of heads (79 pcs.) was formed according to hybrid combination No.1, on average 1.46 heads per plant. However, not all heads were fertile. The results of the correlation analysis made it possible to identify indicators that closely correlated with the amount of plant regeneration, namely, the high yield of embryoid- and hemmorizogenic structures ensured a high frequency of plant regeneration (r = 0.769).

   The current paper has presented the results of two studies in 2019–2020, the purpose of which was to analyze the main elements of productivity of maize lines from the VIR collection. The work was carried out in accordance with an agreement on scientific cooperation with the involvement of the VIR maize collection in the breeding program in the amount of 100 numbers, in the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria (Chegem district, village of Nartan).

   The purpose of the current work was to study and evaluate the morpho-biological and economically valuable traits of maize lines from the VIR collection in the conditions of the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria.

   Thus, according to the estimation of the quantitative traits of the maize samples, there have been selected 36 numbers. According to the plant height, there were identified 8 numbers, where the value of the trait was from 2.41 to 2.47 m, and according to the number of leaves, 8 samples were allocated from 16.4 to 16.8 pieces. According to the sign of attachment of a commercial ear, all selected lines were in the range above the mean values from 0.98–1.06 m. For other traits, there were no significant differences compared to the standard. Analysis of the elements of productivity of maize lines from the VIR collection made it possible to identify 13 samples based on ear length, considering НСР05, whose values were higher than that of the standard, and this indicator was at a level of 22.5–25.2 cm. In terms of the number of grain rows on an ear, the best results were observed in 14 lines with the trait varying from 18.0 to 18.6 pieces, and the number of grains in a row of an ear there were 18 numbers, where the range varied from 37.2 to 46.1. In terms of grain yield, there were identified the best 4 lines (from 83.5 to 87.7 % compared to the standard value of 79.6 %). In terms of one of the main and main complex traits, such as grain productivity (at 14% humidity), there were identified 6 lines, where the variation ranged from 4.01 to 4.5 t/ha.

   Without the use of varieties adapted to certain soil and climatic conditions, it is difficult to obtain consistently high yields. Genotypes must withstand adverse environmental factors and maximize the use of favorable conditions.

   The main purpose of the current study was to estimate the adaptability parameters of new winter common wheat varieties, developed by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in the southern part of the Rostov region.

   There were analyzed nine winter common wheat varieties according to such forecrops, as grain maize, sunflower, and green manure fallow. Three-factor analysis of variance has shown that external conditions have a major effect on productivity formation of wheat varieties. The main influence on overall productivity was made by various forecrops (factor ‘forecrop’ had 46.3 %). The share of variability due to differences in the conditions of the plants’ vegetation period in different years (the factor ‘year’) was 15.1 %. The interaction of the factors ‘year × forecrop’ made a significant contribution to the overall productivity variability with 20.2 %. Favorable conditions for the formation of wheat varieties’ productivity were determined when sown in green manure fallow with the indices of environmental conditions (Ij = +12.8). The least favorable conditions were with maize for grain (Ij = 0.1) and the worst with sunflower (Ij = -12 ,9). On average, over the years of the study (2021–2023), the productivity of winter common wheat varieties ranged from 74.7 hwt/ha for the variety ‘Ayuta’ to 84.4 hwt/ha for the variety ‘Premiera’. Productivity mainly changed according to the forecrops, from 61.8 hwt/ha for the variety ‘Ayuta’ sown after sunflower to 100.4 hwt/ha for the variety ‘Premiera’ sown in green manure fallow. The varieties ‘Krasa Dona’ and ‘Premiera’ had the best parameters of adaptability and productivity; these genotypes could be recommended for breeding for adaptability and use in production.

   The purpose of the current study was to estimate the effect of mineral and complex fertilizers with macro- and microelements, methods, and methods of their application upon productivity and individual quality elements of crop products when cultivating winter wheat in the conditions of the North-West of the Russian Federation.

   The study was carried out on the experimental plots of the FSBSI FRC LK OP Pskov Research Institute of Agriculture in 2020–2021.

   The objects of the study were the winter wheat variety ‘Skipetr’, mineral and complex fertilizers.

   The main application of mineral fertilizers (N40P50K70) provided favorable conditions for plant nutrition from the beginning of a vegetation period. The use of complex fertilizers for crops helped eliminate the deficiency in nutrients in the following phases of development. The trials have established a positive effect of mineral and liquid complex fertilizers on winter wheat productivity improvement (from 0,32 to 0,96 t/ha according to the trial variants); on the nitrogen content in grain (by 9–13 %) with a stable level of phosphorus and potassium; on crude protein yield per unit area (from 1.5 to 44.8 kg/ha) with the yields of main and by-products; on the formation of more filled grain (by 0.5–2.6 g) with an increase in the mass fraction of raw gluten. The use of complex fertilizers ‘Kodafol’ and ‘Strada N’ during the vegetation period made it possible to obtain the greatest increase in a number of indicators. An estimation of the agronomic efficiency of the studied agricultural practices has shown that the greatest return on 1 kg of NPK in terms of productivity increase was achieved in the trial variants treated with ‘Kodafol’ (against the background of mineral nutrition N40P50K70) and ‘Strada N’ (against the background of N40P50K70+N20) with 4.7–6.7 and 4.8–6.8 kg of grain, respectively.

   The current study was conducted at the agricultural site ‘Gubino’ of the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands (Tver Region) in 2011–2022.

   The purpose was to study the efficiency of drainage of waterlogged soils, fertilizers and agro-reclamation techniques when growing spring wheat in the conditions of the North-Western part of the Non-Blackearth region.

   The soil of the agricultural site was soddy-podzolic, light loamy and gleyic sandy loam, drained by closed drainage. The field trials have established the influence of drainage of gleyic soils, the use of fertilizers, volumetric slotting of the soil to a depth of 45–50 cm, ridge plowing and ridge belt-scattering method of sowing on spring wheat productivity. Drainage increased wheat productivity on the extensive background by 17.8 % (0.34 t/ha), on the medium-intensive and intensive background by 16.9–19.4 % (0.56–0.60 t/ha). Mineral fertilizers improved productivity more significantly, against a drained background, wheat productivity increase at medium fertilizer rates (N45Р15K45) was 1.20 t/ha (53.3 %) and at high fertilizer rates (N90Р30K90) it was 1.91 t/ha (84.9 %). The combined effect of drainage and fertilizers improved spring wheat productivity on waterlogged soil by 2.2 times (by 2.25 t/ha). The highest payback of 1 kg of fertilizers by a spring wheat yield was obtained on a drained plot with average fertilizer application rates of 9.8 kg of grain. A high effect was obtained from agro-reclamation techniques aimed at improving the water-air regime of soil. With volumetric slotting of the soil, spring wheat productivity raised by 0.50–0.97 t/ha (13.2–26.4 %), with ridge plowing by 0.36 t/ha (12.0 %), with ridge belt-scattering method of sowing with growing spring wheat on ridges 40–80 mm high by 0.45 t/ha or 13.7 %, in relation to the existing technology of row sowing. The study results can be used in the development of adaptive agricultural technologies for cultivating spring wheat on drained lands.

   Economic efficiency is an integral method of analyzing agricultural technologies, especially against the rising prices for plant protection products, seeds, fertilizers, and fuels and lubricants. Identification and implementation of the most effective methods of field crops, growing using crop rotation and fertilizers remains an urgent task.

   The purpose of the current research was to study the effect of crop rotations and doses of mineral fertilizers on productivity of winter wheat grain, to analyze the economic and energy efficiency of its cultivation in the conditions of the Central Blackearth region.

   The study was carried out in the conditions of the experimental field of the Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center in 2016, 2020. The soil of the experimental plot was typical medium-loamy, medium-humus blackearth (chernozem). The experimental scheme included such factors as grain-fallow-row crop, grain-grass-row crop, and grain-grass rotations; with doses of fertilizers or without fertilizers, N₂₀P₄₀K₄₀ and N₄₀P₈₀K₈₀. The weather conditions for the rotations of the studied crop rotations differed slightly. As a result of the study, there was found that winter wheat grain productivity in grain-grass and grain-grass-row crop rotations was 17.2 and 13.8 % lower than in grain-fallow-row crop rotation. When applying mineral fertilizers at a dose of N40P80K80, the largest winter wheat productivity was 4.52 t/ha. The lowest cost of grain was established in the grain-fallow-row crop rotation, which varied from 4.68 to 5.04 thousand rubles/t due to higher yields compared to other studied crop rotations and with a dose of N20P40K40 (4.68, 4.80 and 4.97 thousand rubles/t, respectively for crop rotations). A higher level of profitability of 113.7 % was observed in grain-fallow-row crop rotation with a dose of mineral fertilizers N₂₀P₄₀K₄₀, a dose of N₄₀P₈₀K₈₀ not allowing obtaining a high payback of fertilizers. The energy intensity of production increased with increasing doses of applied fertilizers; its minimum values were determined in grain-fallow-row crop rotation (1.35–2.77 GJ/t). Energy efficiency coefficients when applying a dose of N₂₀P₄₀K₄₀ in crop rotations were higher than when applying N₄₀P₈₀K₈₀.

   The current paper has presented the materials for studying collection samples of winter common wheat for resistance to leaf and smut diseases for use in breeding programs for immunity. The current study was carried out based on the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2021–2023.

   The objects of the study were 98 samples from the collection CUMMIT (Turkey).

   The objects of study were the North Caucasian populations of pathogens of leaf diseases, such as powdery mildew, brown and yellow rust, septoria and local populations of pathogens of loose and kernel smut. The study was carried out on field infectious backgrounds of diseases with artificial infection of plants in accordance with the methodological instructions for each of them.

   The purpose of this work was to identify winter wheat samples resistant to both individual pathogens and their complex. Susceptible test varieties of winter wheat had maximum damage scores for each disease studied.

   During the study there have been identified 19 samples resistant to powdery mildew, 67 samples resistant to leaf rust, 63 samples resistant to yellow rust, 2 samples resistant to septoria, 95 samples resistant to loose smut and 25 samples resistant to kernel smut. There have been identified samples 9855, 9859, 9883, 9884, 9894 that showed resistance or weak susceptibility to brown and yellow rust, powdery mildew, septoria, etc. 15 samples 9802, 9812, 9898, 9899, 9903 were not affected by loose and kernel smut. A number of samples that have demonstrated complex resistance to smut diseases over three years were 9855, 9859, 9884, 9894, 9883, 9902, etc. The sample 9859 showed high resistance to five diseases. The best samples in terms of complex resistance could be recommended for breeding programs for immunity.

   There has been studied comparative efficiency (technical and economic) of domestic and foreign herbicides in controlling weeds in maize hybrid ‘Karat SV’ in the conditions of the steppe zone of Kabardino-Balkaria.

   The purpose of the current study was to determine the efficiency of using the domestically produced herbicide ‘Metkiy, MD’ on maize for grain and its effect on crop infestation and yield size.

   The trials were carried out at NPO No. 2, v. of Opytnoe, KBR in 2019–2021 on the experimental field of the laboratory for cultivating field crops at the Institute of Agriculture of the Kabardino-Balkarky Research Center RAN. There has been estimated the efficiency of the herbicide ‘Metkiy, MD’ in various dosages when applying 1.0 and 2.0 l/ha in the phase of 5–6 leaves of the crop, where 82.0–88.0 % of the total amount of weeds died 28–30 days after the application of the herbicide, including 78.0–85.0 % of Johnsongrass. The standards were various dosages of foreign herbicides ‘Kelvin Plus’, ‘VDG’ at a dose of 0.3 and 0.4 kg/ha and ‘Milagro Plus, MD’ at 1.0 and 1.2 l/ha. These options have also shown a high degree of suppression of the total amount of weeds (83.0–93.0 %), including 82.0–89.0 % of died malicious rhizomatous perennial Johnson-grass. By the period of grain harvesting, this pattern had no changes. During this period there were up to 75.0 specimens and 800.0 g/m2 of wet weight of weeds. In the variants using ‘Metky, MD’ in the tested dosages, the wet weight of the weeds was 80.0 g/m2 versus 90.5 g/m2 in the reference variants. The study confirmed the formation of high grain productivity of maize against the background of using the domestic herbicide ‘Metkiy, MD’ equal to 81.3–82.3 t/ha against 80.6–82.0 t/ha at the background of reference options, with the use of various dosages of foreign herbicides.