Winter rye, with all its advantages (adaptability, stress resistance, increased productivity), cannot compete with other grain crops, and the reason is grain quality to a greater extent. Solution of the issue is possible when cultivating rye varieties with a low content of water-soluble pentosans in grain. In Western Siberia, winter rye has traditionally been considered a leading grain crop, which efficiently uses environmental resources and is more productive in comparison with winter wheat and triticale. In order to increase the efficiency, the low-pentosan rye variety ‘Bereginya’ was involved in the breeding study of the Omsk Agricultural Research Center. As an initial form, this variety was used to develop a new variety ‘Irtyshskaya 2’. The purpose of the current work was to characterize this variety according to a number of valuable traits. The study was carried out on the experimental plots of the laboratory for winter crop breeding in 2020–2022. The estimation of the rye variety ‘Irtyshskaya 2’ has identified several advantages in comparison with the standard variety ‘Irina’. The new variety was more productive. Its excess over the standard variety was 0.36 t/ha (with an average productivity of 6.34 t/ha). The variety ‘Irtyshskaya 2’ is characterized by the best severity of quantitative traits (‘grain size’ and ‘head productivity’) and grain quality indicators (‘grain unit’, ‘falling number’). In order to select for increased productivity of a new variety there has been proposed grain content of a head as the main trait, which is characterized by a strong correlation with the trait ‘grain weight per head’ (r = 0.731–0.889). In 2022 the variety ‘Irtyshskaya 2’ was sent to the State Variety Testing and recommended for use in the West Siberian and East Siberian regions.

The purpose of the current study was to identify the correlation between seed productivity and quality indicators of the soybean collection samples. The study was carried out in the fields of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2019–2021. Over the years of study, the weather conditions were unstable and differed from the long-term mean data. The objects of research were 85 soybean samples from the world collection of the N. I. Vavilov Institute. The study has established that the most variable trait was productivity (V = 45.4 %) than protein (V = 6.4 %) and oil percentage in seeds (V = 9.7 %). The correlation between productivity and seed quality was weak and amounted to r = –0.24 with protein and r = 0.29 with oil content. The correlation between protein and oil content was higher and amounted to r = –0.51. Span charting showed that the bulk of soybean collection samples had a mean protein percentage of 40.5–43.0 %, and the most productive samples had 39.0–39.5 % of protein. The predominant part of the collection had an oil content in seeds from 19.0 to 21.5 %, which also included samples with maximum seed productivity and 19.0–19.5 % of oil. Against the background of the established negative correlation between protein and oil content in seeds, there were found the samples with a very high content of protein and oil in seeds at the same time. There were selected three soybean collection samples (‘Zodiak’ (Moldova), ‘Selekta-101’ (Russia) and ‘Antuxiaoneidou’ (China), which had large productivity a high content of protein and oil in seeds. The study results of the correlation between seed productivity and quality indicators of the soybean collection samples will be used in further breeding work.

The main reserve for improving of pea grain production is the development of new highly productive varieties. In this case, intraspecific hybridization is the main tool, but the patterns of inheritance by hybrids of several economically valuable traits are still insufficiently studied. The purpose of the current work was to establish the inheritance nature of productivity traits in pea hybrids. The trials were carried out in 2020–2022. The objects of the study were 8 pea hybrid combinations F₁ and F₂. The estimation of the collection and hybrid material was carried out in accordance with the Methodology of the State Variety Testing (2019). Segregation analysis in F₁ pea hybrids has revealed different types of inheritance of the studied quantitative traits, from hybrid depression to overdominance. According to ‘plant height’, the dominance degree (h_p) varied from 0 to 3.00. According to ‘number of pods per plant’ it varied from –0.50 to 3.00. According to ‘number of beans per pod’ it varied from 1.67 to 4.00. According to ‘1000-seed weight’ it varied from 0.20 to 0.44. Hybridological analysis of F₂ pea plants based on ‘plant height’ in 4 hybrid combinations has revealed incomplete negative dominance (h_p from –0.20 to –0.43), in 4 hybrid combinations it was incomplete dominance (h_p from 0.60 to 0.69). According to ‘number of pods per plant’, two hybrid combinations have shown complete dominance (h_p = 1.00), one hybrid combination has shown incomplete dominance (h_p = 0.35), five hybrid combinations have shown incomplete negative dominance (h_p from –0.50 to –0, 71). The trait ‘1000-seed weight’ in all hybrid combinations was inherited according to the type of incomplete dominance (h_p from 0.10 to 0.16). According to ‘number of beans per pod’, four hybrid combinations have shown incomplete dominance (h_p from 0.67 to 0.83); one hybrid combination has shown incomplete negative dominance (h_p = –0.50); three hybrid combinations have shown complete negative dominance (h_p = –1.00).

A subspecies of waxy maize (Zea mays L. ceratina) is characterized by the fact that its grain contains 100 % amylopectin starch, a valuable raw material for confectionery production, the manufacture of polymers, and a blood substitute. The absence of domestic waxy maize hybrids in the State List of Breeding Achievements necessitates the study in this area of breeding. The purpose of the current study was to identify dependencies that make it possible to increase the efficiency of the breeding process when developing waxy maize hybrids. The study was carried out at the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2020–2022. The objects of the study were 36 waxy maize hybrids developed by the method of interline hybridization. The studied traits differed in the degree of variation. High coefficients of variation were identified in the traits ‘grain productivity’ (V = 30.1 %) and ‘one cob weight’ (V = 21.5 %). The traits ‘number of rows’ (V = 8.4 %) and ‘grain yield during threshing’ (V = 8.2 %) turned out to be slightly varying. An increase in the values of any studied trait resulted in an increase in grain yield. However, the signs of productivity were not equivalent according to their effect on the formation of the grain productivity of the waxy maize hybrids. There have been identified the most influential traits of productivity, such as ‘number of cobs per 1 plant’, ‘one cob weight’ and ‘number of seeds per cob’. The correlation between them and grain productivity is positive, close (r = 0.73±0.12 – 0.82±0.10). The identified traits have been positively associated with the rest (r = 0.30±0.16 – 0.74±0.12), the selection of samples with high values does not reduce the values of other productivity traits. The identified dependencies must be taken into account when selecting the initial material and when developing waxy maize hybrids.

The current paper has presented the results of winter common wheat, studied in the nursery of the Competitive Variety Testing in the forest-steppe zone of the Penza region for 2016–2020. The purpose of the study was to estimate breeding lines of winter common wheat of the Competitive Variety Testing according to the main economic and biological traits and to identify samples with a complex of economically valuable traits and properties, in which the productivity level is stably maintained. The objects of the study were 35 winter common wheat lines developed by the FSBSI “Federal Research Center of Fiber Crops”. The zoned variety of winter common wheat ‘Fotinya’ was used as a standard one. The productivity of winter common wheat lines in the competitive variety testing ranged from 4.31 t/ha (the line ‘Erythrospermum 17/01-1-08’) to 4.85 t/ha (the line ‘Erythrospermum 12/00-16-04’). According to productivity, the standard variety ‘Fotinya’ significantly exceeded 13 lines, the increase of which ranged from 0.37 to 0.92 t/ha, НСР₀₅ = 0.24 t/ha. During the study period, there was carried out a comprehensive estimation of winter common wheat lines to identify the best of them as carriers of economically valuable traits, which can promote developing new highly productive varieties with a high level of adaptability to the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region. The lines ‘Erythrospermum 12/00-16-04’, ‘Erythrospermum 29/03-2-06’, ‘Erythrospermum 21/00-3-08’, ‘Erythrospermum 18/04-3-08’, ‘Erythrospermum 17/01-7-08’ are of great interest for breeding, since they have been distinguished by a set of indicators (with a mean yield of 4.38–4.85 t/ha, more than 90 % of winter resistance, early maturity, 9 points of resistance to lodging, natural grain weight of 767–780 g/l, 86–90 % of kernel hardiness, 28.2–32.2 % of gluten in grain, 14.8–17.1 % of protein in grain). The selected lines have been recommended for inclusion in breeding programs for the development of highly productive winter common wheat genotypes.

The current study was carried out at the Institute of Seed production and Agrotechnologies, Branch of the Federal Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Agro-Engineering Center VIM” (Ryazan region) on dark gray forest soil of medium fertility (organic matter content 5.60 %) in 2018–2022. The objects of the study were 9 winter common wheat varieties (developed by the FSBSI FRC “Nemchinovka” and FSBSI FRAC VIM), which were included in the State List of Breeding Achievements from 2005–2023 in the Central region of the Non-Blackearth part of the Russian Federation and divided according to the variety change periods, i.e. period V with ‘Galina’, ‘Angelina’, ‘Moskovskaya 56’, ‘Viola’; period VI with ‘Danaya’, ‘Felitsiya’, ‘Galateya’, ‘Anfisa’, ‘Boyarka’. The purpose of the study was to analyze the grain yield and biometric elements of its structural indicators in the winter common wheat varieties, depending on the variety change periods in the conditions of the southern part of the Central region of the Russian Federation. During the study, there has been established an excess of the average (by 15.9 %), minimum (by 27.9 %) and maximum (by 8.3 %) productivity of varieties of the last variety change period with 5.2 % advantage in realizing the yield potential (average 74.5 %) and adaptability coefficient by 17.4 % (average value over 1.0). The variety ‘Galateya’ has high values of productivity potential with adaptability coefficient of 1.12. There has been established that in modern varieties there was a decrease in the stem length by 5.9 cm on average. The shortest varieties were ‘Viola’, ‘Felitsiya’, ‘Anfisa’ and ‘Boyarka’ with 96–97 cm. There has been established that the varieties of the period VI experienced a stem augmentation on 12.7 %, number of grains per head on 2.5 %, grain weight per head on 11.7 % and 1000-grain weight on 4.2 % in comparison with the varieties of the previous selection. A significant contribution to the productivity of new varieties (r ≥ +0.700) was made by the traits ‘number of grains per head’ and ‘grain weight per head’. The variety ‘Anfisa’ had the longest head of 11.3 cm. The varieties ‘Galateya’, ‘Felitsiya’, and ‘Boyarka’ had number of grains per head more than 42.0 pcs., and grain weight per head of more than 2.0 g. All varieties of the last variety change had large grain, m1000 > 46.0 g, the variety ‘Galateya’ had especially coarse grain of 49.1 g.

The development of new rice varieties and their fast introduction into production is of great importance for improving productivity and gross grain harvest. In the main rice breeding institutions in Russia (FRC of Rice and “ARC “Donskoy”), there are constantly being developed more productive varieties that are resistant to diseases and stress factors. Each variety has a genetically determined response to differences in the agro-ecological conditions of the area, which affects productivity, and, accordingly, the demand for plant production. The current paper has presented the results of the ecological testing of five rice varieties on the fields of two farms in the Krasnodar Territory in 2021–2022, which demonstrated significant differences in productivity. The results of the ecological testing of rice varieties have shown that the productivity varied significantly depending on the farm, year, forecrop and fertilizer variant in the trials. In the ESP ‘Krasnaya’, on average for 2 years, according to four forecrops and two fertilizer options, the leading variety was ‘Rapan 2’, which produced 8.13 t/ha, the variety ‘Favorit’ was in the second place with 7.59 t/ha, the variety ‘Argamak’ was in the third one with 7.23 t/ha. In the RPZ ‘Krasnoarmeisky’, the variety ‘Argamak’ showed the maximum productivity (8.04 t/ha), sown after rice at a low check, the same productivity with the variety ‘Favorit’ (7.99 t/ha), and larger productivity than that of the variety ‘Rapan 2’ (7.49 t/ha). At a high check, the maximum productivity was formed by the varieties ‘Rapan 2’ (9.05 t/ha) and ‘Favorit’ (8.50 t/ha), and the early-maturing Zernograd variety ‘Virasan’ (8.43 t/ha). The productivity of the studied varieties highly positively correlated with the trait ‘number of spikelets per panicle’ (r = 0.75±0.18), moderately positively correlated with the trait ‘plant height’ (r = 0.47±0.24), ‘panicle length’ (r = 0.40±0.25), ‘number of seeds per panicle’ (r = 0.66±0.20) and ‘seed weight per panicle’ (r = 0.65±0.20). There has been recommended to grow a highly productive rice variety Argamak developed by the ARC “Donskoy” in the Krasnodar Territory.

Obtaining wheat grain with good baking qualities is an important part of the food security of the Russian Federation. An important link in the production of grain is the development of winter common wheat varieties, which have genetically determined quality characteristics. FSBSI “FRC “Nemchinovka” is a leading institute for the development of strong and valuable winter wheat varieties. In recent years, the most spread varieties of winter common wheat developed by “Nemchinovska” are ‘Moskovskaya 39’, ‘Moskovskaya 56’ and ‘Nemchinovskaya 85’. The purpose of the current work was to study productivity and quality indicators of these varieties during the with years different weather conditions (according to the Competitive Variety Testing in 2015–2022). The most productive variety is ‘Nemchinovskaya 85’, the mean productivity is 7.35 t/ha, exceeding the standard ‘Moskovskaya 39’ on 1.47 t/ha with its maximum of 12.14 t/ha. According to the considered qualitative indicators, there was identified the variety ‘Moskovskaya 39’ with 15.9 % of protein in grain, 34.8 % of gluten in grain, 72.6 u. appr. of IDK, 350 u.a of strength of flour on the alveograph, 72 u.val. of valometric estimation, 1003 cm³ of volumetric yield of bread. The varieties ‘Moskovskaya 56’ and ‘Nemchinovskaya 85’ had quality indicators corresponding to valuable and strong wheat. There was found that the variety ‘Nemchinovskaya 85’ was the most variable over the years of the study (CV 8.0–18.9 %). The strength of flour on the alveograph differed to the greatest extent both according to the factors ‘variety’ and ‘year’ (17.1 %; 15.4 %; 17.6 %). There was identified that the volumetric yield of bread was the least variable indicator (5.5 %; 14.0 %; 8 %). When estimating the correlations, there was established a strong negative relationship between productivity and protein percentage in grain, similar in three varieties, and a mean positive correlation between productivity and IDK.

Winter wheat occupies significant areas in the fields of the Republic of Tatarstan. The purpose of the current paper was to develope a new winter common wheat variety ‘Sultan’ and to identify its ability to produce not only high yields, but also grain quality in the conditions of the Republic. The study was carried out on the fields of the TatRIA, a separate structural subdivision of the FRC KazSC RAS on gray forest soil when sown on bare fallow at the optimal time for this area. The paper has presented the characteristics of the variety according to economically valuable traits during the years of study (2018–2020). The variety was developed by the method of individual selection from a hybrid population (Kazanskaya84 х Moskovskaya39) х Kazanskaya 285. According to the productivity, the new variety ‘Sultan’ has exceeded the standard variety ‘Kazanskaya 560’ by 0.75 t/ha. There has been established that the large productivity of the variety ‘Sultan’ is formed due to the density of the productive stem, large number and weight of grain per ear. The variety is characterized by high frost-winter resistance (90 % on average over three years of trials), can withstand a temperature decrease at the level of the tillering node to minus 20°C in winter. The variety has a high reparation ability in spring. The variety ‘Sultan’ forms well-filled grain with a grain unit of 780–801 g/l. Crude protein in grain is of 14.9–15.6 %, and 26.8–28.5 % of gluten. The variety has high values of rheological properties, namely the specific work of dough deformation according to the alveograph (flour strength) is 275 e.u., the valorimetric value is 60 %. On average, over the three years of the study, the volume yield from 100 g of flour was 576 ml³, the general baking assessment was 4.6 points. The variety can be recommended for cultivation in the south-east of the Republic of Tatarstan. 

The current study was carried out in the southern part of the Rostov region in the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2020–2022. The purpose of the current study was to identify the best forecrops and optimal sowing time for the new winter durum wheat varieties ‘Yubilyarka’ and ‘Yantarina’. There has been established that the winter durum wheat varieties ‘Yubilyarka’ and ‘Yantarina’ respond well to the choice of a forecrop and sowing time. The effect of forecrops on productivity of the winter durum wheat varieties ‘Yubilyarka’ and ‘Yantarina’ was 90 % and 85 %, respectively. There has been revealed that weedfree fallow was the best one for the studied varieties, providing the formation of a mean grain productivity of 6.25–6.31 t/ha over the years of the trial when sown from September 10 to 30. At the same sowing time when sown after sunflower, productivity of the varieties of 3.73–4.02 t/ha was the lowest during the entire period of the study. There has been established that for all forecrops, the lowest grain productivity of the varieties ‘Yubilyarka’ and ‘Yantarina’ was obtained when sown on October 10 (late date) and averaged 5.60 and 5.77 t/ha in 2020–2022 when sown after weedfree fallow; 4.16 and 4.35 t/ha when sown after peas; and 3.51 and 3.63 t/ha when sown after sunflower. The studied varieties formed the largest number of productive stems of 540–609 pcs/m² when sown in weedfree fallow, and the smallest number of 382–410 pcs/m² when sown after non-fallow forecrops. The quality indicators of grain of the winter durum wheat varieties ‘Yubilyarka’ and ‘Yantarina’ were mainly affected by forecrops and slightly by sowing time. The production of high-quality winter durum wheat grain is cost-effective. The conditional net income reached 52908–53268 rubles/ha, and the profitability of grain production was 127–129 %. When sown after sunflower, the productivity was the lowest during the entire period of study and averaged 3.73–4.02 t/ha over three years. There has been found a productivity decrease on 0.5–0.7 t/ha with a late sowing date (October 10). 

The purpose of the current study was to determine changes in the chemical composition of oat plants and the accumulation of the main nutrients when applying mineral and biomodified fertilizers. The study of oats sown after spring barley was carried out on leached heavy loamy chernozem in 2016–2018. The objects of the study were the mineral fertilizer ‘Azofoska’, the biological product ‘BisolbiFit’ (powder form based on live beneficial bacteria Bacillus subtilis Ch-13), the spring oats variety ‘Rysak’. The weather and climatic conditions during the years of study were quite diverse, which made it possible to objectively estimate the study results. There has been found that the oat productivity over the years of study (2016–2018) was at the level of 2.15–2.30 t/ha. The use of the studied fertilizers in the trial, such as ‘Azofoska’ and ‘BisolbiFit’, contributed to oat productivity increase by 2.3–7.0 % compared to the variant without fertilization (control). The maximum productivity increase was obtained in the variant with modified ‘Azofoska’ (AZK_m) at a dose of 15 kg/ha a.i., grain yield in this variant was 2.30 t/ha, exceeding the control by 0.15 t/ha. The difference between the variants of the trial was not significant (0.05–0.15 t/ha) with HSR₀₅ = 0.17 t/ha. The coefficient of consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium by oat plants on average was 63, 39 and 65 %. The use of a microbiological product based on live beneficial bacteria Bacillus subtilis Ch-13 (for the biomodification of ‘Azofoska’) contributed to the maximum increase in the payback of 1 kg of NPK by the yield increase. The highest payback from 1 kg a.i. fertilizers was established when applying ‘Azofoska’ modified with the biological product ‘BisolbiFit’ at a dose of 7.5 kg/ha a.i. (½ AZK_m) and amounted to 5.8 kg/kg.

The problem of improving the sustainability and efficiency of grain production, increasing its gross quantity and improving quality is a key one for farmers in the Stavropol region. Due to the lack of financial resources for most agricultural producers, the problem is largely solved by selecting the most effective cultivation technology elements, including new highly productive varieties due to the agrotechnology. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of forecrops, the level of mineral nutrition, sowing dates and seeding rates on productivity, grain quality and economic efficiency of cultivating new winter wheat varieties developed by the FSBSI “North-Caucasus Federal Research Agricultural Center”. As a result of study carried out on winter wheat crops of various varieties developed by the FSBSI “North-Caucasus FRAC”, productivity of the varieties sown in weedfree fallow was 5.71 t/ha, which was 3.41 t/ha more than after cropped fallow. The application of mineral fertilizers contributed to productivity improvement of the varieties sown in weedfree fallow on 1.27 t/ha, and on 1.8 t/ha when sown after winter wheat on average during 2018–2021. The maximum grain yield was identified at the optimal sowing time in September 30 – October 5 (an average of 6.8 % more than at early and late time). Different seeding rates did not have a significant effect on productivity. Based on the estimation of the effect of winter wheat cultivation technologies on productivity, grain quality and economic efficiency of cultivation, there have been given agrotechnological characteristics of the new winter wheat varieties developed by the North-Caucasus FRAC.

The study of the stability of productivity of the spring barley variety ‘Suzdalets’ was carried out at the FSBSI “Kursk FARC” when cultivating the crop in various crop rotations with the application of mineral fertilizers, in the conditions of the Central Blackearth Region on chernozem soils over 7 rotations of three crop rotations (from 1985 to 2010). Mineral fertilizers for barley were applied in doses of N₃₀Р₃₀К₃₀ and N₆₀Р₆₀К₆₀. The main tillage was plowing. The purpose of the current work was to identify the influence of factors on the stability of spring barley productivity using a comprehensive estimation of the associated data of cultivation technology, weather, and soil conditions. There has been found that the spring barley productivity variation in the trial by 44 % was because of weather conditions, the interaction of weather conditions with the application of mineral fertilizers (20 %) and the interaction of all the studied factors (12 %). The conducted correlation analysis has shown a direct dependence on the HTC (r = 0.51) and an inverse dependence with the sum of active temperatures (r = –0.66). The introduction of a double dose of mineral fertilizers has reduced the dependence of barley productivity on the amount of precipitation during the crop vegetation period. The largest productivity was established in the grain-fallow crop rotation. When fertilizing, it has increased in all crop rotations. With the introduction of grasses in the crop rotation, the stability of productivity has improved. There has been identified that spring barley productivity has a direct correlation with the content of humus and with the content of nitrate nitrogen (r = 0.56–0.69) and ammonium nitrogen (r = 0.50–0.55). There has been established that barley productivity has a direct, moderate and noticeable correlation (r = 0.33–0.63) with a mobility degree of phosphates and potassium. With the help of the obtained mathematical model, knowing the mobility degree of phosphates and potassium in soil, there will be possible to predict spring barley productivity on blackearth soils of the Central Blackearth Region. 

The current study was carried out in the southern part of the Rostov region in the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2019–2022. The purpose of the study was to determine the moisture content of the winter common and durum wheat sown after various forecrops. There has been found that during the study, precipitation fell unevenly over the seasons. The amount of useful precipitation during the vegetation period of winter wheat (mean for three years) was 319.80 mm. There has been established that when sown in weedfree fallow, the total moisture consumption both over the years (278.90–445.00 mm) and on average over three years (381.40 mm) exceeded the amount of useful precipitation. On the formation of grain yield winter wheat has spent, in addition to precipitation, the productive moisture accumulated from the soil. There has been found that when sown after non-fallow forecrops, in the absence of reserves of productive moisture in the soil, the productivity formation proceeded mainly due to precipitation. When sowing winter wheat, the total moisture consumption (mean in 2019–2022) was 322.00 mm after peas and 315.50 mm after sunflower. There has been determined that the highest grain yield of the varieties ‘Zodiak’ (7.90 t/ha) and ‘Yantarina’ (6.28 t/ha) was obtained when sown in weedfree fallow, while they spent the least amount of moisture per yield unit, being 487.10 and 649, 70 m³/t respectively. When sown after sunflower, grain yield of the varieties was the lowest, and the total moisture consumption per ton of grain was the highest, being 5.60 t/ha and 599.20 m³ (the variety ‘Zodiak’); 4.02 t/ha and 869.70 m³ (the variety ‘Yantarina’). The forecrop ‘peas’ occupied an intermediate position between weedfree fallow and sunflower both in terms of productivity and total moisture consumption per ton of grain, being 6.36 t/ha and 528.60 m³ (the variety ‘Zodiak’) and 4.92 t/ha 823, 60 m³ (the variety ‘Yantarina’).

The widespread cultivation of highly productive varieties of agricultural crops often leads to the emergence and spread of new intraspecific forms of insects capable of mass reproduction. The control of these processes is of environmental importance and is possible based on monitoring the variability of the phenol appearance of pest populations. There has been carried out a vegetative and field estimation of phenogenetic variability of such pest of grain crops as the bird cherry-grass aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) under nutrition on 15 spring common wheat varieties. There has been conducted an ecological phenotyping of the adaptability of the intrapopulation composition of aphids under vegetative conditions according to abundance and dispersal ability in the offspring of summer morphs (emigrants and wingless viviparas) in three different clones. There has been identified a differentiated interaction of clones and morphs of aphids with varieties of fodder plants for both indicators. There has been shown that the reproduction rates of emigrants and wingless viviparous aphids within clones (14, S and 85) differed (t₁₄ = 3.9, p =.000; Fs = 8.8, p = 0.000; F₈₅ = 7.9, p = 0.000). Clone S was more successful than others in reproducing emigrants and wingless vivipares (F₁₄ = 17.8, p = 0.000; F₈₅ = 3.4; p = 0.03; F'₁₄ = 2.98, p = 0.05; F'₈₅ = 5.3, p = 0.003, respectively). Favorability of individual varieties for clones did not match. When the aphid population was destabilized, compensatory mechanisms included a discrepancy in the reactivity of individual morphs to unfavorable conditions. There has been shown a correlation (r = 0.53; p = 0.04) between the degree of favorableness of varieties for feeding aphids in vegetation (antibiosis) and field conditions (antibiosis and antixenosis), which has confirmed the similarity of the genetic nature of these types of resistance.