The study results of frost tolerance of winter soft wheat The article gives the study results of frost tolerance of winter soft wheat varieties and lines in three research centers, i.e. ARRIGC named after I.G. Kalinenko, KRIA named after P.P. Lukiaynenko, DZRIA. During the study three methods of estimation of plant tolerance to low temperatures have been used, such as frosting of plants, grown in the seedling boxes; Donskoy method (in plastic bags); estimation of plant tolerance on the shelves. At -19⁰C the plant preservation ranged from 42.4% to 91.5%. The variety ‘Don 107’ showed a true high frost tolerance. The varieties ‘Don 107’(83.8%), ‘Donskaya bezostaya’ and ‘Asket’(78.1%) showed the best plant preservation at -20⁰C. The varieties ‘Don 107’(83.8%), ‘Donskaya bezostaya’ and ‘Asket’(78.1%) showed better plant preservation while using the Donskoy method. The plant preservation of the variety ‘Tarasovskaya 29’, grown on the shelves was 16.7%. The samples ‘260/09’(2.6%), ‘Admiral’(6.8%), ‘Lilit’(9%) and ‘Tanya’(9.8%) could preserve only 10% of plants. The varieties ‘Don 107’(64.1%) and ‘Donskaya bezostaya’(54.7%) could preserve more than 50%. After the research all studied samples were divided into three groups of tolerance: with high frost tolerance (‘Don 107’, ‘Donskaya bezostaya’, ‘Asket’), with average frost tolerance (‘Kapitan’, ‘Izyuminka’, ‘Krasa’, ‘Ermak’, ‘Krasa Dona’, ‘Admiral’, ‘Donskaya lira’) and with low frost tolerance (‘Lidiya’, ‘Lilit’, ‘Kaprizulya’, ‘Tanya’ and the lines ‘260/09’, ‘727/11’).

Ecological adaptability of the collection samples of winter triticale in frost tolerance Winter tolerance is one of the limiting factors that hinders winter grain crop cultivation in the Middle Pre-Urals. The winter triticale varieties cultivated in the region are characterized with insufficient winter tolerance. That’s why it’s necessary to estimate the initial material for resistance to unfavourable winter conditions before the breeding work. The purpose of the study is to evaluate ecological adaptability and stability of the initial material of winter triticale in winter. The researches were conducted on the experimental plot of the Izhevsky SAA during 2014-2016. The twenty-one samples developed by the domestic and foreign research institutions have been studied in the experimental plot. During the years of the experiment there were contrast wintering conditions that allowed estimating the initial material better. The average winter tolerance ranged from 2.5 to 4.1 points through the years at the varietal range of the trait 12.1-25.5%. The factor ‘conditions’ (42%) and the interaction of the factors ‘conditions-variety’ had a dominating effect on the changing ability of the winter triticale samples. There have been determined significant differences in winter tolerance variability among the collection samples, the coefficient of the variability ranged from 6.9% to 48.9%. The samples ‘Nemchinovsky 56’, ‘Tribun’ and the line ‘76/00’ have shown the best result in winter tolerance with the least index of variability (V = 6.9…9.4 %). The strongest winter tolerance (3.7-3.8 points) have been demonstrated by the varieties ‘Altayskaya 5’, ‘Antey’, ‘Zhitnitsa’, ‘Izhevskaya 2’, ‘Kaskad’ and ‘Konsul’, but the index has varied greatly through the years (V = 24.9-34.3 %). The varieties ‘Altayskaya 4’, ‘Antey’, ‘Bard’, ‘Valentin’, ‘Zimogor’, ‘Nemchinovsky 56’, ‘Tribun’, the lines ‘76/00’ and ‘423/12’ have revealed the best and the most stable winter tolerance in the unfavourable conditions. They can be recommended for the breeding work as an initial material for stable winter tolerance.

Economic and biological estimation of various species of sainfoin in the south of Russia Thirty three samples of three sainfoin species ( Onobrychis viciifolia, Onobrychis montana, Onobrychis arenaria and hybrid of the local breeding ) were studied in the collection seed plot in 2014. The soil of the plot was blackearth (chernozem obyknovenny). During the vegetation meteorological conditions were characterized by the insufficient humidity with high dayly temperatures. The study determined that there were no differences in the phenological phases between samples of sainfoin and the standard variety ‘Zernogradsky’. The length of the period from spring sprouting till flowering was 58-59 days, till seed maturity was 94-95 days. The standard variety surpasses such samples of the local breeding as ‘S 3/05’, ‘Sin 12’ and ‘GIA 2’ in plant height. The samples of the sainfoin Onobrychis viciifolia ‘к-42089’, ‘к-29014’ and the local breeding material ‘S 4/05’, ‘Sin’ 12, ‘GIA 2’, ‘GIA 5’ showed more than 50% of leaf amount. Only the samples of the local breeding ‘S 2/05’, ‘S 4/05’, ‘S 6/05’, ‘Sin 12’, ‘GIA 1’ produced the largest amount of green chop compared with the standard variety ‘Zernogradsky 2’. 33% of samples surpassed the standard variety in seed productivity. The largest amount has been produced by the following samples: ‘к-29014’ (340.5 g/m²), ‘к-47782’ (308.0 g/m²), ‘к-32788’ (303.0 g/m²), ‘к-26770’ (300.0 g/m²), ‘Sin 12’ (300.0 g/m²), ‘GIA 5’ (305.5 g/m²), ‘С 3/05’ (320.5 g/m²) and ‘GIA 2’ (345.0 g/m²). The content of raw protein in the samples of collection ranged from 15.59% to 19.99% that testifies the possibility of sainfoin breeding for its increased content of dry matter. There are 60% of samples in the collection with 18% of raw protein, and more than 27% of samples have more than 19% of raw protein. The samples ‘к-28630’, ‘к-29084’, ‘к-29014’, ‘S 2/05’, ‘S 3/05’, ‘S 4/05’, ‘Sin 12’, ‘GIA 5’ and ‘GIA 11’ are of the greatest interest for breeding of qualitative sainfoin. A number of the studied samples having a set of economic-valuable traits are going to be used in the future breeding work.

Technological assessment of varieties and lines of winter soft wheat developed by the FSBSI ARC "Donskoy" The article considers the study results of physical, milling and technological traits of grain produced by the winter soft wheat varieties and lines in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. High indexes of test weight and general vitreousness of grain have been revealed. According to GOST R 52554-2006, the trait ‘test weight’ of all studied varieties met the requirements made to the grain of the grade №1, i.e. strong wheat (more than 750 g/l). According to the trait ‘general vitreousness’, the new and promising varieties met the requirements made to the grain of the grade №1 that proves the ability of these genotypes to be used as the sources of high physical traits of grain in the breeding process. There have been estimated traits that can effect on the quality of the products, namely total flour extraction, whiteness and flour ash content. The varieties ‘Shef’ (72.7%), ‘Etyud’ (72.7%), ‘Tanais’ (72.5%) and the lines ‘1491/09’ (72.5%) produced the largest amount of flour. The study has established that flour whiteness of the following varieties and lines complies with the characteristics of grain of the grade №1; they are ‘Luchezar’ (54.9 units), ‘Etyud’ (56.6 un.), ‘Kipchak’ (56.9 un.), ‘Kazachka’ (57.4 un.), ‘Bonus’ (58.8 un.), ‘1906/07’ (55.1 un.), ‘1377/07’ (55.3 un.), ‘1401/09’ (55.5 un.), ‘1127/10’ (57.7 un.), ‘1491/07’ and ‘1062/09’ (58.7 un.). According to the flour ash content, the flour of the following varieties and lines complies with the characteristics of the grain of grade №1; they are ‘Shef’ (0.34%), ‘Ermak’ (0.40%), ‘Aksiniya’ (0.40%), ‘Bonus’ (0.40%), ‘Kazachka’ (0.40%) and ‘1127/10’ (0.46%). Flour of the varieties ‘Bonus’, ‘kazachka’, ‘Luchezar’ and the line ‘1127/10’ corresponds to the properties of the grade №1 both in ash content and whiteness. Total yield of bread and general baking assessment the varieties ‘Nakhodka’ (710 ml; 4.5 points) and ‘Aksiniya’ (690 ml; 4.5 points) correspond to the properties of grain of grade №1. The varieties ‘Nakhodka’ (243.7 un.), ‘Aksiniya’ (234.7 un.), ‘Bonus’ (229.8 un.), ‘Ermak’ (226.0 un.), ‘Shef’ (204.3 un.) and the line ‘1127/10’ (204.2 un.) have demonstrated the best indexes of the technological potential, that proves their promising use in making bread of good quality. The extracted varieties and lines can be used as the sources of high qualitative grain and baking properties in the breeding process.

The variability of productivity of winter soft wheat samples in the conditions of provoking background (“zasushnik”) The increasing drought tolerance of agricultural plants is really essential for the southern parts of this country. High air temperature and lack of moisture in soil result in disbalanced physiologic-biochemical processes in plants which provoke productivity decrease. 20 winter soft wheat samples have become the objects of study. The average productivity of the studied samples in the conditions of provoking background (“zasushnik”) ranged from 170.5 g/m²(‘Don 107’, standard variety) to 230.0 g/m²(‘771/09’). The largest grain productivity in the conditions of artificial drought (trial) has been produced by the varieties ‘Izyuminka’(133.3 g/m²), ‘771/09’(137.5 g/m²), ‘Stanichnaya’(140.6 g/m²), ‘Lilit’(150.7 g/m²), ‘Asket’(155.1 g/m²) that was on 10.3 g/m²; 12.7 g/m²; 17.6 g/m²; 27.7 g/m²; 32.1 g/m² (НСР₀₅ =2.5 g/m²) more than productivity of the standard variety. The conducted study established that the samples ‘Don 107’, ‘629/05’, ‘Asket’, ‘Lilit’ and ‘Kapitan’ characterized with large productivity on two backgrounds of growing are of special value as initial material for wheat breeding on drought tolerance.

The estimation of productivity of the promising lines of soybean developed by the FSBSI “ARC ‘Donskoy” The article presents the material concerning the estimation of productivity of the promising lines of soybean developed by the FSBSI “ARC ‘Donskoy”. According to the competitive variety-testing in 2015-2017 there were selected five lines that surpassed the standard variety ‘Don 21’ in seed productivity. According to the vegetation period the lines ‘L-1015’, ‘L-1018’ and ‘L-1028’ belong to the group of early maturing species, the lines ‘L-1009’ and ‘L-1010’ belong to the group of middle-maturing group. The meteorological conditions during the years of study were characterized as the years of sufficient humidity in the first half of vegetation period and the dry years in the second half of it. The statistic processing of the data has been conducted by the Dospekhov’s method of dispersion analysis. There have been estimated such parameters (according to V.V. Khangildin) as homeostasis (Hom), stress tolerance, genetic flexibility, coefficient of variability, breeding value. According to the conducted researches, assessment of lines’ productivity and parameters of their adaptability, the middle-maturing line ‘L-1009’ and the middle-early line ‘L-1015’ are the most promising ones. They possess high indexes of productivity and high parameters of adaptability (stress tolerance, genetic flexibility, homeostasis and breeding value).

The study of biodiversity of Pyricularia oryzae Cav. in the rice-growing areas of the south of Russia using the methods of PCR On the basis of molecular-genetic approaches there has been conducted the study of biodiversity of phyto pathogenic fungus Pyricularia oryzae Cav. in the south of Russia. We have conducted the monitoring and selected the isolates of the pathogen from the infected herbarium material, collected from the fields of six rice-growing areas of the Krasnodar Kray with various degree of harmfulness of rice blast pathogen. Their DNA-passports have been made. The studied isolates of the blast pathogen have been characterized in respect of their morphological traits. The phyto-pathological test with the application of varieties-differentiators of rice has established quantitative and qualitative composition of the virulent genes in fungus strains. The study has found the genes of pathogen tolerance, greatly efficient in the south of Russia, which can be recommended for the breeding programs for growing rice varieties resistant to rice blast.

The breeding and genetic assessment of winter durum wheat hybrids on gluten quality The improvement of grain quality is one of the principle directions in winter durum wheat breeding, as the present automated pasta producers need raw material with qualitative and strong gluten. The breeding process will be successful if the estimation of qualitative traits is known at the early stages. It would be an important criterion of selection while sorting out the breeding material and it would reduce the amount of work at the further stages of breeding. In our study for that purpose we have used a method of SDS-sedimentation, which is widely applied for the breeding work with spring and winter soft wheat. Thus the main purpose of the researches was to study variability and heritability of gluten quality in the hybrid populations F₂-F₄ of winter durum wheat by SDS-test. It has been done to determine the generation and the possibility to use it as a criterion of selection on quality and as a criterion on selection of parental pairs for hybridization. There have been studied 14 hybrid populations obtained by the crossing of varieties with contrast and similar SDS-indexes. They are the variety ‘Kurant’ with super-strong gluten (SDS of 40 ml and more), the variety ‘Terra’ with strong gluten (SDS of 35-39 ml), the varieties ‘Zolotko’ and ‘Aksinit’ with average gluten (SDS of 30-34 ml), the varieties ‘Kremona’ and ‘Gelios’ with weak gluten (SDS of less than 30 ml). The study of winter durum wheat sown in a green-manured fallow land was carried out in the FSDSI ARC ‘Donskoy’s laboratory in 2012-2014. It has been established that according to the amount of SDS-sedimentation the hybrids took an intermediate position among the parental forms with a shift to the best parent. The most hybrids had average indexes of the trait in the limits of parental variability. The SDS-sedimentation is a slightly variable trait. The coefficient of the variability was about 5-10%. It has been shown that genotypically controlled variability of SDS-sedimentation (H₂) in the generation F₂ was about zero, F₃ and F₄ hybrids possessed larger and more stable SDS-sedimentation in dependence on hybrid combinations, therefore it’s better to start selection of qualitative genotypes with F₃. The degree and, especially, the frequency of transgressions in the generations of major winter durum wheat hybrids are small or absent in relation to parental forms with a higher value. However, it becomes possible to select qualitative progenies at the level of the average sedimentation value of the best parent or with the sedimentation value of more than 35 mm. We should exclude the use of two low-qualitative varieties or average varieties with low-quality in winter durum wheat hybridization on high quality.

The activity of peroxidase and lipid peroxidation in germinating seeds of winter wheat after UV-irradiation The article considers the regularities of peroxidase activity in the processes of swelling and germination of wheat seeds and the indexes of lipid peroxidase in wheat germs irradiated by UV-source of mercury-quartz lamp BNPO 2-30-001U3.5 (with irradiation of 30 W/m²) at a distance of 25 cm from the seeds. This ferment participates in the synthesis of auxin and ethylene, in nitrogen metabolism, growth and respiratory processes of the seeds. Due to vast substrate specificity the ferment’ activity is able to appear similarly to the properties of oxidase. Therefore the activity of peroxidase increases with the seed respiratory process during the germination stage. To evaluate the activity of peroxidase in the seeds of the wheat variety ‘Rostovchanka 5’ in dependence on the time of swelling at 5°С(1) and at 23°С(2), we carried out soaking of the seeds preliminary irradiated by UV-source of mercury-quartz lamp BNPO 2-30-001U3.5 in distilled water. The intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in various organs can serve as a criterion for assessing the nonspecific adaptive capabilities of the organism. The use of ultraviolet light sources (mercury-quartz lamps) for irradiation, as inductors of planting qualities and biochemical properties of seeds, increases their level of LPO and the content of antioxidants. The conducted trials showed that the decrease of peroxidase activity was accompanied with the increase of LPO level. The selected irradiation regimes during 5 and 60 minutes allowed establishing that it was the long irradiation of seeds by UV-source of mercury-quartz lamp BNPO 2-30-001U3.5 during 60 minutes that increased seed germination on 12-15%.

The use of the varietal resources of winter wheat in the Rostov region The Rostov region is one of the principle regional producers of winter wheat. Russia possesses vast varietal resources for all regions of the country, so there is an increase of winter wheat varieties, used in the agriculture. In 2016 in the Rostov region there were 127 winter wheat varieties that on 17 pieces more than in 2015. In 2016 the varieties being in the production for 6-10 years (42.9%) became widely spread. It testifies that the varieties become widely spread only after six years of zonation and that fact has a negative effect on productivity. The areas sown by new varieties reduced with the share of 11.6%, so the present resource-varietal potential is used inefficiently. To realize the advantages of the new variety, the crop rotation should be made according to the plan. The organization, technology and methods of seed production are of great importance for variety renovation and change. Stable grain production in any country is based on the ability to use the latest breeding achievements.

The study of the initial material of Grass pea for its breeding in the Nizhnee Povolzie The study includes variety samples of Grass pea taken from the collection of IPI. Two varieties ‘Racheyka’ (light-kernelled) and ‘Mramornaya’ (dark-kernelled) have been taken as standard varieties. The trials showed a great range of morphological indexes. The interval of the range was as following: stem length - 43.7-59.0 cm; attachment height of a lower bean - 15.0-21/0 cm; number of beans per plant 24.9-42.7 pc.; number of kernels per plant - 40.4-67.8 pc., 1000-kernel weight - 189.2-277.2 g; nature weight - 782.0-836.0 g. A slight variability (coefficient of less than 10.0%) has been found in such traits as stem height, 1000-kernels weight and nature weight. An average variability has been found in such traits as attachment height of a lower bean, number of beans per plant and number of kernels per plant. According to the results of statistics the variability of biochemical composition of kernels and green mass have been grouped into three grades. Slight variability has been noted in content of raw protein, ash and nitrogen-free extractive fraction (NfEF) in seeds; in content of raw protein in green mass. Average variability has been noted in content of raw fiber in seeds, in content of raw oil, fiber , ash and NfEF in green mass. Great variability has been noted in content of raw oil in seeds, in content of raw protein in green mass. The trials have revealed such variety samples of Grass pea, whose content of raw protein in seeds is more than 30% (к-703, к-780, к-924, к-1118, к-1289, к-1402, к-1867) and content of protein in green mass is more than 25% (к-292, к-780, к-1867)

The effect of water stress on quality and productivity of winter wheat seeds The article presents the study results of water stress effect on quality and productivity of winter wheat seeds. The moisture supply of plants affects the growth power and field germination of seeds. The decrease of the index has no significant effect on the laboratory germination, as it does not fully reflect the quality of the seeds. The varieties ‘Asket’, ‘Don 93’ and ‘Izyuminka’ showed the minimum decrease of 1000-kernels weight under the stress conditions on 24%, 25% and 27% respectively. The variety ‘Aksiniya’ showed the maximum decrease of this trait (40%). The variety ‘Asket’ has shown the increase of sprouts number (30% FG) in comparison with the standard variety (70% FG). The variety ‘Ermak’ has shown a slight decrease of field germination (on 2%) and the variety ‘Lilit’ has shown a large decrease of field germination (on 17%) in comparison with the standard variety. The conducted study determined that the varieties of winter soft wheat had a different reaction during germination in the conditions of artificial drought. The quality of seeds grown in dry conditions have lower indexes in comparison with the optimal growing conditions, excluding the variety ‘Asket’ that surpassed the indexes of growth power (on 2%) and field germination (on 1%) compared with the control variety.

The characteristics of the cultivars of various stages of breeding process in Russia and the selective lines of spring durum wheat according to quality of gluten The present highly productive technological industries of pasta products that apply thermal drying need grain of durum wheat with strong and high qualitative gluten. Thus, the principle purpose of the study is to estimate the cultivars of various stages of breeding and the selective lines of spring durum wheat according to quality of gluten and to seek adapted genes that can produce high qualitative gluten. There have been studied such varieties of different breeding centers and of different stages of breeding process as ‘Kharkovskaya 46’ (4-th stage), ‘Bezenchukskaya 139’, ‘Altayskaya niva’ (5-th stage), ‘Bezenchukskaya 182’, ‘Saratovskaya zolotistaya’, ‘Zhemchuzhina Sibiri’, ‘Altaysky yantar’, ‘Omsky korund’ (6-th stage), ‘Bezenchukskaya stepnaya’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’, ‘Krasnokutka 13’, ‘Donskaya elegiya’, ‘Bezenchukskaya niva’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 209’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 210’, ‘Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya’, ‘Luch 25’, ‘Bezenchukskaya krepost’, ‘Zolotaya’, ‘Salyut Altaya’, ‘Solnechnaya 573’, ‘Pamyati Yanchenko’, ‘Omsky izumrud’, ‘Oazis’ (7-th stage) and such breeding lines as ‘D2098’, ‘98с-08’ (RIA of South-East), ‘Gordeiforme 677’ (Altaysky RIA), ‘1368D-18’, ‘1477D-4’ (Samarsky RIA). The study has been made in two ecological-geographical experiments, the first one in the areas of Bezenchuk, Kurgan and Barnaul (in 2014-2015) and the second one in the areas of Bezenchuk, Barnaul and Aktyubinsk (in 2016). The plots of 10 m² were placed in random sequences in fallow lands. The simplest and productive method of SDS-sedimentation was used to estimate the rheological traits of dough. The SDS indexes were assessed by a standard method [8]. The rheological traits of the varieties grown by Samarsky RIA in 2015 have been assessed by the parameters of farinograph according to the international standards. The conducted study has found that the varieties of the 7-th stage of breeding process (‘Bezenchukskaya 209’, ‘Zolotaya’ and ‘Luch 25’) and the breeding lines of the South-East RIA (‘D2098’, ‘98c-08’) produce high qualitative gluten (according to SDS test and parameters of microfarinograph). The genotypes of ‘Bezenchukskaya 209’, ‘Zolotaya’ and ‘D2098’ have been found highly stable in the production of the studied trait. The area of Kurgan has been found predictable in weather and climatic conditions.

The present state and prospects of agricultural development in the Stavropol Area The article analyzes the present state and prospects of plant-breeding development, as a leading branch of the Stavropol Area that specializes on cultivation of grain and technical crops and on animal breeding. Special attention is paid on dynamics of sowing areas, gross yields and productivity of grain crops, ratio of branches and products of plant-breeding and husbandry, their profitability (unprofitability), and adaptive branch development and planning of agriculture and AIC as an unclaimed function in the system of modern state management. The article emphasizes that the objective features of the grain economy of the Stavropol Area are that no less than 70% of the arable land is located in the area of risky farming and about 65% of the total production of agricultural crops is provided by wheat, barley and other crops in the semi-arid zones. This largely determines the high natural and climatic dependence of the grain economy, the annual and regional variability of grain production, which is proved by mathematical analysis. However, the realizable market relations in the absence of a state adaptive concept of the agricultural development of the region result in misbalance and inefficiency in the industry functioning, simplification of the system of production organization of agricultural production, and agro zoning activity. The article draws the conclusions that indicate a greater dependence of plant-breeding on market conditions, the volume of capital investment and pricing, the natural resource potential of land use, and the significant deformation of the modern agricultural system.

The use of spring varieties in the breeding of winter durum wheat The breeding works can be of great success due to presence and diversity of the initial material used in the hybridization process. The limited and insufficient diversity of the initial material makes the development of winter durum wheat really difficult. The research center ‘Donskoy’ applies the varieties of spring durum wheat in the hybridization with winter durum wheat for the development of its own initial material. On the example of the variety ‘Oniks’ obtained in the hybridization of highly productive drought tolerant variety of spring durum wheat ‘Novodanskaya’ with the productive half-dwarf variety of winter durum wheat ‘Aysberg odessky’ we have shown the technology of development and growing of hybrids and features of the breeding work with them. The article considers the study results of economic-biological traits and properties of the variety ‘Oniks’ introduced into the State List of Breeding Achievements in the North-Caucasus and Nizhne-Volzhsky regions. The variety successfully combines high quality of grain, heat tolerance, resistance to lodging inherited from spring durum wheat, short stem, good tillering, high potential of productivity inherited from winter durum wheat. The average yields through the studied years ranged from 7.03 t/ha to 8.31 t/ha with the least 5.97 t/ha. The average increase of productivity to the standard variety ‘Donchanka’ was 0.95 t/ha.

The monitoring of winter wheat varieties tolerance to yellow rust pathogens in the conditions of the Nizhniy Don The article presents the results of the immunity of the varieties and lines of winter wheat, developed in the FSBSE ARC ‘Donskoy’ and other breeding centers, to the North-Caucasus population of yellow rust in the conditions of artificial infection. In the 60s-80s of the last century the varieties ‘Krasnodarskay 6’, Khersonskaya 86’, ‘Lovrin 34’, ‘Sava’, ‘Drina’, ‘Don 85’, ‘Zernogradka 8’, ‘Don 93’, ‘Donshchina’ were used in the hybridization as the sources of tolerance to rust at that time. The varieties developed in the hybridization increased and improved the immunity of the plants to the pathogen. But over time the tolerant varieties have lost their resistance to the disease because of the new and more virulent biotypes of the pathogen, the climate change and the spread of the infectious diseases from the nearby areas. Thus the research center is constantly searching the tolerant varieties. Among the breeding samples developed by the local and other research centers there has been found material with high immunity to the pathogen. At present such new highly productive varieties tolerant to yellow rust as ‘Izyuminka’, ‘Lidiya’, ‘Nakhodka’, ‘Kapitan’, ‘Kipchak’, ‘Luchesar’, ‘Etyud’, ‘Shef’ and others are suggested to the production.