Rice cereal is an important food product all over the world, especially in Asia. White rice is usually used, but brown rice without outer hull is much healthier. The pericarp of rice grains contains proteins that increase immunity and protect the body from cardiovascular diseases and cancer, which has increased the relevance of this issue. The current paper has presented a review of the papers on the inheritance of quantitative trait loci responsible for protein percentage in rice grain. The study was conducted in India, China, Korea and Japan using dihaploid and recombinant inbred lines from hybrids obtained from rice varieties with various protein percentage. Due to DNA markers, there have been identified QTL which control protein percentage in rice chromosomes. The researchers from Asia have identified between 2 and 22 QTL that have been mapped onto chromosomes. Genomic analysis has identified QTL that control the synthesis of various protein fractions, such as albumin, prolamin, globulin, and glutenin. Hu et al. (2004) found three QTL of oil on chromosomes 1, 2, and 5. Yu et al. (2009) found four QTL on chromosomes 3, 5, 6, and 8. Qin et al. (2010) mapped eight QTL on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 9. Kim et al. (2013) found a significant QTL, qRLC5, on chromosome 5. Yun et al. (2014) found that high lipid content was determined by three QTL on chromosomes 2, 3, and 6. Ying et al. (2012) identified 29 QTL on 10 chromosomes, several for seven fatty acids. Zhou et al. (2021) conducted a genomic study of oil composition and concentration in different groups of 533 cultivated rice varieties and identified 99 QTL, 94 of which were associated with oil composition and five with oil concentration. Tan et al. (2001) found that protein percentage was affected by two QTL on chromosomes 6 and 7. Hu et al. (2004) found five major QTL for protein percentage, located on chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Yu et al. (2009) identified five QTL on chromosomes 3, 5, 6, and 10. Zhang et al. (2008) identified and mapped 16 QTL for four protein fractions on eight chromosomes. Zheng et al. (2011) identified 10 unconditional QTL significantly affecting protein percentage on nine chromosomes. Yun et al. (2014) found that high protein percentage was determined by three QTL on chromosomes 8, 9, and 10. Zhao et al. (2022) found 22 QTL affecting protein percentage on all chromosomes except chromosome 1. These QTL can be used by marker-assisted selection to pyramid favorable alleles in a single genotype to develop varieties with improved rice grain quality.

The growing need to improve agricultural production in changing climatic conditions necessitates the acceleration of development of new stress-resistant varieties. The lines obtained as a result of breeding require rapid and highquality estimation for resistance to various impacts. Due to the high degree of correlation between the activity of a photosynthetic apparatus and a plant, the efficiency of photosynthesis is one of the most indicative parameters of the state of a plant. There has been shown above that chlorophyll fluorescence parameters can be effectively used to screen new barley lines for drought resistance. The purpose of the current work was to test new barley lines for resistance to drought and salt stress under controlled conditions based on the parameters of photosynthesis at the early stages of plant development. The study was conducted on the promising lines ‘11027’ (Zernogradsky 1895), ‘11023’ (Zernogradsky 1898) and a new variety ‘Feniks’ developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. Drought conditions were created by stopping watering the plants from the 14th day until the end of the trial. To simulate salt stress, the 14-day old plants were watered with a 600 mM salt solution every other day. The parameters of photosynthesis and transpiration intensity were recorded daily, starting from the 12-day old seedlings. Morphometric parameters were measured once when the plants were 30 days old. There has been shown that under stress-free conditions, the morphometric parameters and photosynthetic activity of the line ‘11027’ and the variety ‘Feniks’ are higher than similar indicators of the line ‘11023’. The variety ‘Feniks’ turned out to be the most drought-resistant. The line ‘11023’ has demonstrated the greatest salt stress resistance. The line ‘11027’ has demonstrated the lowest resistance to both abiotic effects, showing the earliest changes in photosynthetic indices. There has been noted that chlorophyll fluorescence indices allow obtaining statistically significant differences between the studied lines using a smaller number of individual plants than is required to accumulate morphometric data, which is an important advantage of the method in breeding.

An important issue in the development of new fiber flax varieties is the availability of valuable, diverse initial material. The current paper has presented the study results of hybrid populations of fiber flax (F₃–F₅), such as ♀Yarok х ♂Grant (Gen1), ♀ Yarok х ♂Alizee (Gen 2), ♀ Yarok х ♂Betertelsdorf 6884/60 (Gen 3), ♀Alizee х ♂Grant (Gen 4), ♀Alizee х ♂ Yarok (Gen 5),♀Alizee х ♂Betertelsdorf 6884/60 (Gen 6), ♀Grant х ♂Yarok (Gen 7), ♀ Grant х ♂Alizee (Gen 8), ♀ Grant х ♂Betertelsdorf 6884/60 (Gen 9), ♀ Betertelsdorf 6884/60 х ♂ Yarok (Gen 10), ♀Betertelsdorf 6884/60 х ♂ Yarok (Gen 11), ♀ Betertelsdorf 6884/60 х ♂ Yarok (Gen 12), resulted in the intervarietal hybridization according to adaptability parameters in a field trial (Nizhnetavdinsky district, Tyumen region). The purpose of the current study was to identify the adaptability of hybrid fiber flax populations according to the main economically significant traits and properties, and to select the best of them for further breeding work in the Tyumen region. There has been determined significance (p < 0.05*; p < 0.01**) of genotype  (16.1–40.0 %), environment (16.9–41.6 %), and correlation between genotype and environment (26.4–48.5 %) in the implementation of phenotypic variability of the studied morpho-biological parameters. From 25.0 to 66.6 % of flax genotypes were classified as responsive (b_i < 1, S²d_i = 0), and the populations Gen1, Gen2, Gen3, Gen4, Gen5, Gen6 had the maximum values of the effect of the environmental factor. Stability of traits (b_i = 1,0, S²d_i = 0) was identified in 8.3–16.6 % of the total number of studied populations, which included Gen1, Gen2, Gen5. Among the weakly responsive populations (b_i = 1,0, S²d_i = 0), being 25.0–58.3 % of those presented, Gen3, Gen5, Gen 6, Gen 7, Gen 9, Gen 11 were of the most value. According to the genotype selection index (GSI), there have been established the groups of both stable (41.6 %) and unstable (58.4 %) populations, among which Gen 1, Gen 5, Gen 9 were the best ones. Gen 1, Gen 2, Gen 5, Gen 6 can be recommended for further breeding as promising populations with highly manifested indicators and the best ecological characteristics.

In 2009 the Krasnoufimsk Breeding Center of the Ural RIA, a branch of the FSBSI UrFARC UrO RAS, began breeding work to develop a highly productive pea variety that would be resistant to adverse environmental conditions, diseases and pests, have a non-lodging stem and non-shedding seeds. As a result of the work, there has been developed a new pea variety ‘Meteor’. The pea variety ‘Meteor’ ripens 4 days earlier than the standard variety ‘Krasnoufimsky 11’, in some years the difference can be up to 5–6 days. The plant length is 7 cm longer than that of the standard variety, with good resistance to lodging (4.6 points). The pea variety ‘Meteor’ exceeds the standard in a number of beans per plant (3.6 pcs.), in a number (12.7 pcs.) and weight of seeds per plant (2.3 g). 1000-seed weight is on average 212 g. Protein percentage is 18–26 %, while the variety ‘Meteor’ produces 26 kg more protein per hectare. Disease and moth damage of the variety ‘Meteor’ is the same or below the standard, depending on the conditions of the year. The new variety provides productivity increase of up to 29 % compared to the standard, has good drought resistance. On average, over the years of trials, the variety showed an increase to the standard by 0.18 t/ha (8 %). The variety ‘Meteor’ is highly productive, the maximum yield with 4.17 t/ha was obtained in 2022. In 2024, the new variety was included in the State List of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the Volga-Vyatka (4) and Ural (9) regions

The current paper has presented the results of estimating the best pea lines in the competitive variety testing. The study was conducted in the laboratory for leguminous crop breeding selection of the Samara RIA, a branch of the SamFRC RAS in 2022–2024. The purpose of the work was to study new pea lines and select promising ones according to productivity and grain quality. The standard variety was the variety ‘Samarius’, grown for three regions (Middle Volga, Ural, Lower Volga). The vegetation periods of 2022–2024 differed greatly in moisture supply and temperature conditions. There were favorable weather conditions for the growth and development of peas in 2022 (GTC = 1.19), moderate in 2023 (GTC = 0.55), unfavorable in 2024 (GTC = 0.39). As a result, there have been identified the genotypes that exceeded grain productivity of the standard variety. The largest productivity was obtained from the lines ‘B-3865/16’ (3.49 t/ha), ‘B-3866/17’ (3.51 t/ha) and the variety ‘Srednevolzhsky 2’ (3.58 t/ha). The lines ‘B-3729/12’, ‘B-3736/2-1’, ‘B-3865/16’ were characterized by good food qualities, and the line ‘B-3866/17’ corresponded to the category of valuable qualitative varieties (with 24.4 % of protein, 123 min of cooking, 2.3 of cooking coefficient). According to productivity elements (except for 1000-seed weight), the best variety was ‘Srednevolzhsky 2’. The values of seed productivity traits of the lines were at the level of the standard. The lines were also characterized by high suitability for combine harvesting. The suitability for combine harvesting of the variety ‘Srednevolzhsky 2’ slightly decreased in the moisture-rich 2022. As a result of a comprehensive estimation, the best lines ‘B-3865/16’ and ‘B-3866/17’ will be prepared for the State Variety Testing. The remaining lines will be used in the breeding process as the sources of valuable traits.

The development of doubled haploids (DH) along with marker-assisted breeding is becoming an integral part of the modern breeding process. In the current study, the F₅ common wheat lines ‘983’, ‘986’ and ‘987’, which were previously selected from the hybridization of the late-maturing line ‘Velyut’ (with translocations 5BS.5BL-5SL from Ae. speltoides and T1RS.1BL from rye) with the early-maturing variety ‘Tulun 15’, were used as donors to obtain DH. The purpose of the current work was to obtain doubled haploids in anther culture in vitro based on hybrid lines of common wheat with translocation from Ae. speltoides L. and to estimate them for brown rust resistance and economically valuable traits. DH was obtained in anther culture in vitro, and there was no effect of translocation from Ae. speltoides on androgenesis indices in vitro in the trial. There has been established a significant excess of all studied parameters in the line ‘986’, which might be caused by the presence of a rye translocation in a heterozygous state. There were obtained 17 DH lines in the trial. According to the results of molecular DNA analysis with the primers Gill-B1 and Chi_5F/5R, there have been identified 6 DH lines with the translocation 5BS.5BL-5SL and one line with T1RS.1BL. During the study of the reaction of DH lines to the brown rust pathogen at different stages of plant development, there has been found out that the gene LrAsp 5 transferred to the common wheat genome with the translocation 5BS.5BL-5SL is the age-related resistance gene to Puccinia triticina. There has been determined that DH lines with the gene LrAsp 5 at the juvenile stage had a 2-point brown rust damage, while on adult plants there was a resistant reaction type (0–1 point). There have been selected five DH lines for introduction into the further breeding process, the current paper has presented the data on their field estimation of yield structure elements in 2020–2021. There has been found that the values of the studied lines for these traits were within the values of the parents. There have been identified DH 16-1 (34.6 g) and DH 9-2 (34.9 g) with the best value of 1000-grain weight in comparison with the variety ‘Tulun 15’, and DH 7-2 (2.2 g) with the best value of grain weight per plant.

Low positive temperatures have a negative impact on all processes occurring at all stages of rice development. This is especially true during the period of seed germination and sprouting, resulting in reduced seed energy and growth strength. The development of genotypes by introducing genes that provide the ability to overcome this effect is a crucial task for breeders. The application of specific marker systems, which allow differentiating breeding samples for the presence/absence of target genes, is currently of great relevance. In this regard, the main purpose of the current study was to select an effective marker system and develop an optimal protocol (parameters) for PCR analysis, which would allow accurately detecting not only the presence of target genes in the analyzed breeding samples, but also their allelic state. In order to identify quantitative loci (QTLs) there were tested three marker systems, among which the only marker system ‘RM 1377’ showed high efficiency in identifying polymorphism between donors. Using it, a segregating F₂ population was diagnosed by PCR analysis and a phenotype estimation was carried out in laboratory. Statistical analysis allowed establishing that this marker was co-inherited. On its basis, there was screened experimental pre-breeding material of rice from the laboratory of physiology of the FRC of Rice. There have been identified samples with donor alleles of target genes, which will be further introduced into the breeding process to study them according to a set of morphometric characteristics and economically valuable traits. The introduction and application of these SSR markers in the breeding process will improve the development of basic rice genotypes with better cold resistance during the period of seed germination and sprouting. Sowing of such seeds can be carried out at an earlier time. This will make it possible to obtain sprouts with optimal density and will significantly improve their potential productivity.

Climate changes are increasing the overall impact of abiotic stress conditions on plants (drought, salinity, low and high temperatures), which limit the growth and productivity of agricultural crops worldwide. Global climate changes increase the risk of cold damage to spring barley. For spring grain crops, seedling emergence is one of the critical periods of vegetation. The current paper has presented the study on evaluating seedling of spring barley samples at low positive temperatures in 2023–2024. Laboratory estimation of cold resistance was carried out on 47 spring barley samples from the Competitive Variety Testing developed in the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” by the method proposed by P.A. Vlasyuk et al. The purpose of the current work was to test the method determining the resistance of spring barley samples to low positive temperatures and to select cold-resistant samples. The cold resistance of barley samples was estimated by the ability of seeds to germinate depending on the impact of temperature stress (+10, +8, +6, +4 and +2 °C). Based on statistical analysis, the best differentiation of resistance values was identified at a temperature of 4 °C. All the studied samples were classified as highly and moderately cold-resistant. During the subsequent evaluation of the 2024 harvest samples, there have been identified such highly resistant to low-temperature spring barley samples as ‘Zernogradsky 1895’ (98.9 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1875’ (96.7 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1905’ (94.7 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1867’ (93.5 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1898’ (92.7 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1763’, ‘Zernogradsky 1892’ and ‘Zernogradsky 1908’ (92.6 % each).

The current study was conducted at early and optimal sowing periods in the Predgorny district of the Stavropol Krai in 2022–2023. There were studied four maternal and four paternal forms of maize hybrids ‘Mashuk 140’, ‘Mashuk 171’, ‘Baikal’ and ‘Mashuk 250 SV’. The trials were carried out according to a unified methodology using seeds of parental forms of the 2015–2022 harvest. Seeds of past years were stored in a freezer at a temperature of -18 °C. Statistical processing of data to determine the significance of differences and the share of factors’ effect was carried out by the method of two-factor dispersion analysis using the program AGROS-2.09. There was established that the laboratory seed germination at a temperature of +20 °C, regardless of the year of seed production, was not less than 90 %. With the cold germination method, the parental forms ‘Krona S’ and ‘Malvina S’ of the 2022 harvest had 79–81 % of germination. According to field germination indicators, there were identified the genotypes ‘Aurora S’,

‘RV 197’ with a high degree of stress resistance during germination at an early sowing period. The parental forms ‘Krona S’ and ‘Malvina S’ had a low degree of stress resistance. The share of the effect of the factor ‘genotype’ under unfavorable germination conditions (early sowing date) in 2023 was 54 %. At early sowing periods flowering of hybridization areas occurred under more favorable temperature conditions, which was favorable to pollination of hybridization areas and obtaining higher yields in seed crops. The sowing periods affected plant height and cob attachment height, especially for self-pollinated lines, i.e. paternal forms. Early sowing periods of hybridization areas (end of the first decade of April) in the Predgorny district of the Stavropol Krai turned out to be favorable for obtaining high seed yields.

Spring barley, being one of the leading crops in agricultural production in Russia, is characterized by increased adaptability and high resistance to abiotic and biotic stress factors. When studying and estimating spring barley samples, it is important to understand the impact on the adaptive capacity of varieties not only according to the trait ‘productivity’, but also according to the trait ‘1000-grain weight’. The purpose of the current work was to study the adaptive capacity of spring barley varieties according to the trait ‘1000-grain weight’ in the Rostov region in 2019–2021. The number of studied varieties was 29 pcs., 4-fold repetition, sown after such forecrops as sunflower, peas and maize for grain. The standard variety was ‘Ratnik’, with the area of the accounting plot being 10 m². The largest 1000-grain weight of spring barley was obtained from the varieties ‘Zernogradsky 73’, ‘Priazovsky 9’, ‘Azimut’, ‘Zernogradsky 1701’, ‘Arkan’, ‘Zernogradsky 1754’ with all forecrops. The most variable was the variety ‘Zernogradskiy 1721’ with a variability coefficient V = 10.42…12.34 %. High stress resistance was identified in the varieties ‘Zernogradskiy 1754’ ((Y_min–Y_max) = -0.1…-5.5), ‘Zernogradskiy 1752’ ((Y_min–Y_max) = -0.3…-2.3) and ‘Azimut’ ((Y_min–Y_max) = -0.7…-5.8). The most genetically flexible varieties were ‘Zernogradskiy 1721’ ((Y_min+Y_max)/2 = 41.5…49.6) and ‘Azimut’ ((Y_min+Y_max)/2 = 40.7…51.9). The variety ‘Zernogradskiy 1721’ had the best coefficient of responsiveness (Kr. = 1.15…1.19). The varieties ‘Azimut’ and ‘Arkan’ turned to be highly adaptable and coarse-grained with all forecrops and in all years.

The study was conducted on the experimental plots of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2022–2024. The objects of the study were 13 winter common wheat varieties of the competitive variety testing of the laboratory for breeding and seed production of winter common wheat of semi-intensive type. Sunflower was used as a forecrop. The purpose of the current study was to analyze the effect of the yield structure elements of the productivity of winter common wheat varieties developed by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”, according to the forecrop ‘sunflower’ in the southern part of the Rostov region. The study was conducted over three years, and they showed that the productivity varied from 5.96 t/ha of the variety ‘Volnitsa’ to 7.22 t/ha of the variety ‘Donetsk’. The number of productive stems varied from 520 pcs/m² to 615 pcs/m², the maximum values were established in the varieties ‘Ayuta’ (597 pcs/m²) and ‘Donetsk’ (615 pcs/m²). The ear length varied from 8.1 cm of the standard variety ‘Don 107’ to 10.3 cm of the variety ‘Premiera’. The number of spikelets per ear varied from 17.2 pcs (the standard variety ‘Don 107’) to 22.8 pcs (the variety ‘Ambar’). Most varieties have shown the maximum values of this trait, which exceeded the indicators of the standard variety ‘Don 107’ by 1.9–5.6 pieces. The maximum number of grains per ear was formed by the varieties ‘Ayuta’ (32.7 pieces), ‘PodarokKrymu’ (33.0 pieces), ‘Zhavoronok’ (33.1 pieces), ‘Donetsk’ (35.2 pieces). The correlation analysis of the yield and its elements according to the forecrop ‘sunflower’ has established that productivity was formed due to the number of productive stems (r = 0.71±0.24), grain weight per ear (r = 0.51±0.24), 1000-grain weight (r = 0.44±0.26). The rest yield structure elements were of a lesser effect on productivity of new varieties.

Grain crops are of great food value, productivity of which largely depends on the water regime and assimilation activity of plants. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of biofertilizer on the parameters of the water regime, pigment, and gas composition of grain crops. The study was conducted at the stationary research site of the Botanical Garden of Orenburg State University in 2021–2023. The objects of the research were the spring barley variety Anna, the spring common wheat variety Orenburgskaya Yubileinaya and the spring durum wheat variety Orenburgskaya. The experiment was carried out using biofertilizer containing fermented food residues and crushed plant waste with B. Subtilis bacteria immobilized on their surface. The water regime parameters were studied according to the method of N.N. Kozhushko. Photometric diagnostics was carried out using a portable N-tester device (model PRAK 431155.022, manufactured by Agrotester LLC, Russia). The CO₂ content was measured with a portable gas analyzer CI-340 (“CI-340 Hand-held Photosynthesis System”, manufactured by CID Bio-Science, USA). Statistical data processing was performed using the program Statistica 10.0. Based on the study results of the studies, there was found similar dynamics of the decrease in total water content and transpiration intensity for the studied plants at the end of the vegetation period. There has been established a water deficit increase of grain crops in milk stage and its reliable decrease in the biomass of spring common wheat and barley when using biofertilizers in comparison with the control variants. The maximum value of the pair correlation coefficient was established between the parameters of carbon dioxide content and transpiration intensity in common wheat and barley. As for nitrogen in leaves, there has been found a relative constancy of the indices in the samples when using biofertilizer. In contrast, the control samples have shown variability of this trait. There has been identified a positive effect of biofertilizers on the parameters of the water regime of the grain crops, as well as the intensification of photosynthetic activity when using this ameliorant, which improved productivity of the studied grain crops by 147.1 % for barley, and by 105.7 % for common wheat.

The purpose of the current work was to estimate the dynamic degree of the effect of temperature and soil moisture on the intensity of carbon dioxide emission when using various tillage methods. There has been studied the effect of tillage methods on the temperature regime and soil moisture under spring wheat crops in 2023–2024. There has been found that soil temperature and moisture greatly depend on weather conditions and ranged from 6.8–20.7 °C to 12.0–36.1 %. There has been determined that, depending on humidity and temperature, CO₂ emission with moldboard plowing varied from 16.4 to 104.4 kg/ha per day from May to October, with subsoil plowing it ranged from 13.8 to105.7 kg/ha and with no-till method its range was from 8.8 to 94.2 kg/ha in 2023. In 2024, CO₂ emission was larger and varied from 18.8 to 164.2 kg/ha with moldboard plowing, from 15.0 to 155.7 kg/ha with subsoil plowing, and from 12.0 to 142.5 with no-till method. The trial has established a high level of correlation between soil temperature and the rate of CO₂ emission (r = 0.79–0.81). There has been determined that a 1°C increase in soil temperature increases daily CO₂ emission by 9.44 kg/ha with moldboard plowing, by 9.59 kg/ha with subsoil plowing, and by 8.38 kg/ha with no-till method. There has been established a high level of correlation between soil moisture and emission (r = 0.58–0.67). There has been found out that a 1 % increase in soil moisture increases emission by 4.11 kg/ha with moldboard plowing and by 3.70 and 3.22 kg/ha with subsoil plowing and no-till method.

Dwarf rust spread in winter barley crops and the phytopathological plot of the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” has been studied since 2013. Among the breeding and collection material, it was necessary to identify a variety being highly susceptible to the pathogen in order to develop a high-quality infectious background. The pathogen spore material collected in epiphytotic years has been accumulated. In 2021, the absence of disease signs was established in 150 samples, 105 samples had 10 % of signs, the variety ‘H-5602’ (Bulgaria) was selected from the collection material, with 90 % damage of the leaf blade and the development of large pustules, ideally suited as a control for susceptibility. In 2022, out of 243 studied winter barley samples, 125 varieties, among which ‘Parallelum 2119’, ‘Parallelum 2120’, ‘Parallelum 2126’ (RF), ‘Novosadski 329’ (Yugoslavia), ‘Posaune’ (England), ‘Vektra’ (Netherlands), ‘Kupets’ (RF), etc., showed no signs of damage. In 2023, out of 244 studied samples, there were identified 9 varieties ‘HVW 1427’, ‘Cita’, ‘Nixe’, ‘Post’, ‘KWS 2-234’, ‘Tiffani’ (Germany), ‘Explorer 8’ (France) and ‘Gupsi’, ‘Willis’ (USA) without signs of damage. In 2024, 35 samples out of 229 studied were found to have no signs of dwarf rust damage (‘Parallelum 2216’, ‘Pallidum 2100’, ‘Pallidum 2100’, ‘Ogonkovsky’ (RF), ‘Sombrero’ (England), etc.). Over the years of the study, there were identified 3 varieties ‘Zherun’ (Bulgaria), ‘Romy’ (Austria), ‘Ogonkovsky’ (RF) that were not affected by the pathogen, and 129 samples with different reactions over the years, but no more than 10 % damage (among which ‘Veslets’ (Bulgaria), ‘Parallelum 2110’, ‘Parallelum 2136’ (RF), etc.). Among the varieties developed in the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”, included in the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation and approved for use in production, the variety ‘Foks 1’ was the best in pathogen manifestation with less than 5 %. Pathogen resistance (up to 10 % damage) was demonstrated by the varieties ‘Timofey’, ‘Marusya’, ‘Zhiguli’ and ‘Erema’.

The current paper has presented the generalized research data of the species composition of grain bugs in the winter common wheat agrocenosis during the spring-summer period in the forest-steppe of the Samara region in 2021–2023. The purpose of the study was to identify the species composition of grain bugs according to the phenophases of winter common wheat development in the spring-summer vegetation period. For this purpose, there have been recorded imago and larvae of grain bugs by mowing with an entomological net in different phenophases of winter wheat development in the experimental plots of the Povolzhsky RIBSP. The species composition was determined in the laboratory. The weather conditions of the research period were contrasting. The years of 2021, 2023 were dry and the year of 2022 was cool with abundant precipitation in the first half of the spring-summer vegetation period. There were identified 2 species of grain bugs in a tillering stage, 4 species in a booting stage, in the stages ‘heading – full ripeness’ there were 6 species of bugs belonging to 4 families: Pentatomidae (Dolycoris baccarum L., Aelia acuminata L.), Scutelleridae (Eurygaster maura L., Eurygaster integriceps Puton.), Berytidae (Notostira erratica L.), Miridae (Trigonotylus ruficornis Geoffr.). In a heading stage, the dominant species was Aelia acuminata (55–38 %). During the ripening stage (milk, wax, dead ripeness), the dominant species was Eurygaster integriceps Puton. (36–51 %). Imago and larvae of the Trigonotylus ruficornis Geoffr. and Dolycoris baccarum L. bug were found in the agrocenosis of winter common wheat at all stages of wheat development. Eurygaster integriceps and Aelia acuminata were found on the crops starting from a booting stage, Eurygaster maura and Notostira elongata were found on the crops starting from a heading stage of winter wheat.