The studies were conducted in 2012–2014 in OOO “Znamenskoe” in the Znamensky district of the Orlov region in order to determine the influence of forecrops on winter wheat productivity. Field trials have shown that the forecrops have a great effect on soil moisture. The use of weedfree fallow and oil radish as green manure crop provides 1.3–3% soil moisture increase in the 0–10 cm layer before winter wheat sowing compared with annual grasses. Sown in bare fallow, winter wheat infestation was on 17.6–18.8% less in the tillering phase compared with the use of oil radish oil as green manure crop and annual grasses for green mass. It was determined that the forecops had an effect on the height of winter wheat plants. In weedfree fallow it was the maximum (122.7–127.1 cm), depending on the fertilizing ratio, which was on 8.0–10.3 cm more than in other variants of the trial. It was established that winter wheat sown in bare fallow exceeded other variants by the number of productive stems, kernels per ear, 1000-kernel weight on 2.1–7.2; 1.7–4.4; 13.9–19.5% respectively. This ensured a higher productivity of winter wheat. It has been identified that the use of oil radish improves the winter wheat quality, namely protein and gluten content, grain unit on 2.0–2.2, 1.4–2.2; 11–12.5 g/l respectively. The norm of mineral fertilizers N98R64K64 in comparison with N66R32K32 in all forecrops provided an increase in protein and gluten content on 0.4–0.7% and 0.7–2.6% respectively. Thus, biological technologies provide productivity improvement of winter wheat.

There have been studied physical, flour-milling, technological features of the grain of the new varieties and lines of winter soft wheat developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The purpose of the study is to identify samples with high quality of grain, flour, rheological properties of dough and baking profits. High values of grain unit and general vitreousness of grain are revealed. The samples “1237/13” (14.6%), “1261/13” (14.5%) and “Nakhodka” (14.5%) formed protein content at the level of strong wheat of the 1st class (not less than 14.5%). The varieties “Tanais” (30.9%), “Aksiniya” (30.2%), “Nakhodka” (29.5%), “Donskaya step” (28.6%) and the line “1261/13” (28.4%) showed high content of gluten in the grain of the 2nd class of quality. The studied varieties and lines of winter wheat were characterized by a high yield of flour, more than 70%. The maximum yield of flour was obtained in the variet­ies “Tanais” (74.5%), “Ermak” (74.1%) and the line “1261/13” (74.2%). According to the color, the flour of the samples (54.0–80.0 con­ventional units) “Aksiniya” (55.64 conv. units), “Nakhodka” (55.18 conv. units), “Kipchak” (54.01 conv. units), “Bonus” (54.90 conv. units), “Kazachka” (54.40 conv. units) and the line “1261/13” (54.30 conv. units) corresponded to the highest grade. There were identi­fied variety differences in flour color and ash content, which the quality of the end product largely depends on. The 6 studied varieties “Yubiley Dona” (342 u. a.), “Nakhodka” (311 u. a.), “Shef” (292 u. a.), “Kipchak” (290 u. a.), “Tanais” (289 u. a.) and “Aksiniya” (289 u. a.) showed high rheological properties of the dough at the level of strong wheat. There were identified the samples with high yield of bread “Nakhodka” (705 ml), “Aksiniya” (695 ml) and “Donskaya Step” (685 ml), which corresponded to the class of strong wheat. The identi­fied varieties and lines can be used in the breeding process as the sources with high grain quality and baking properties.

Alfalfa and sainfoin have always been the main perennial fodder legumes in the south of Russia. Because of their economic and biological properties, crop and fodder production have always relied on their cultivation and will rely on it in the future. Insufficient cultivated areas of these legumes make it impossible to provide livestock with balanced feed, to use climatic, soil and plant resources rationally. The study of the varietal composition of alfalfa and sainfoin developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” showed that the productivity potential of these varieties makes it possible to obtain a fairly high yields of forage under various weather-climatic conditions. For 6 years the average yield of green mass of the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” was 27.0 t/ha in the first cutting and 18.1 t/ha in the second cutting, and in the total for two cuttings it is 45.1 t/ha. In the first cutting for 5 years out of 6, the green mass pro­ductivity of the alfalfa varieties “Lyutsiya” and “Selyanka” significantly exceeded the standard variety. On average for two cuttings, green mass productivity of the varieties “Lyutsiya” (47.8 t/ha) and “Selyanka” (48.9 t/ha) was higher than that of the standard variety. The yield of absolutely dry matter of the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” varied from 6.7 t/ha to 7.7 t/ha in the first cutting and from 4.3 t/ha to 5.2 t/ha in the second cutting. The yield of absolutely dry matter of the alfalfa varieties “Lyutsiya” and “Selyanka” reliably exceeded the standard variety in the first cutting, but in the second cutting their yield was equal to the yield of the standard variety. According to the green mass yield of one cutting, the studied varieties of sainfoin were as good as the alfalfa productivity in the first cutting. The green mass pro­ductivity of the standard variety “Zernogradsky 2” ranged from 24.4 to 31.1 t/ha, the green mass productivity of the sainfoin variety “Veles” ranged from 26.8 t/ha to 39.4 t/ha, and the green mass productivity of the variety “Sudar” ranged from 28.8 t/ha to 33.3 t/ha. The dry matter productivity of the sainfoin varieties developed in a similar way. The minimum dry matter productivity of the standard variety “Zernogradsky 2” was 6.1 t/ha, the maximum was 7.8 t/ha. The minimum dry matter productivity of the variety “Veles” was 6.7 t/ha and the maximum was 9.8 t/ha. The minimum dry matter productivity of the variety “Sudar” was 7.2 t/ha and the maximum was 8.8 t/ha. In total for 2 cuttings, the alfalfa varieties produced 7.45–8.12 thousand of fodder units, 2.29–2.57 t/ha of raw protein and 1.59–1.78 t/ha of digestible protein. The varieties “Lyutsiya” and “Selyanka” showed a higher yield of nutrients, compared with the standard variety. The nutrient productivity of the studied sainfoin varieties slightly yielded to the alfalfa varieties in the first cutting. On average they produced 3.89–4.55 thousand of fodder units per hectare, 1.34–1.55 t/ha of raw protein and 0.93–1.11 t/ha of digestible protein. In comparison with the standard variety “Zernogradsky 2”, the sainfoin varieties “Veles” and “Sudar” had a greater productivity of nutrients.

The article presents the results of three-year study (2015–2017) of the effect of various cultivation technologies on the produc­tivity of winter soft wheat variety “Aksiniya”. The study was carried out on blackearth (chernozem) soils of the southern part of the Rostov region, in the fields of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. There was studied an effect of the sowing time after different forecrops on the variety resistance to lodging. There was identified high variety resistance to lodging in all variants of the experiment. There was described a change in the dynamics of the “Aksiniya” productivity depending on the sowing period after different forecrops. There was a positive reaction of the variety for an early planting on 10th September. During sowing on 10th Sep­tember, the yield was 5.26–6.81 t/ha, depending on the forecrops. At sowing in later terms there is a tendency to yield decrease. In 2015–2017 the winter soft wheat variety “Aksiniya” sown in fallow land or after peas formed the products of the 2nd class, when sown after sunflower the variety formed the product of the 3d class on average. The calculation of production profitability has shown that the most effective forecrop for the winter soft wheat variety “Aksiniya” is pea. Low production costs for the forecrop peas ensured the production profitability of 165.6–204.5%, depending on the sowing period. The minimum production profitability of the variety sown after sunflower was 83.9–111.4% depending on the sowing period. It has been established that the winter soft wheat variety “Aksini­ya” forms the yield due to the number of ears per area unit and due to the ear productivity. Therefore, when cultivating it is necessary to pay special attention to early nitrogen fertilizing, or to apply ammonium sulfate in a dose of N30 before sowing, which will provide a conditional net income of up to 58 363 rubles per hectare, and will increase profitability up to 233%.

In the Middle Urals the middle-ripening varieties of spring soft wheat with gluten content of 22–24% and the middle-early and early ripening varieties of spring soft wheat with gluten content of 26–34% are able to form kernels suitable for bread baking of the first, second and third classes. Nowadays a comparative characteristic of the grain quality of the main varieties developed by the of the selection of the Ural RIA included in the State List of the Breeding Achievements in the Volga-Vyatka Region and their abili­ty to form food grain suitable for bread baking is of great practical interest. In the Krasnoufimsky breeding center there were stud­ied 11 spring wheat varieties included in the State List of the Breeding Achievements in the Volga-Vyatka region in the 2013 and 2016 years of arid conditions (90–100 mm of precipitation, 17.0–17.5 ºC of average daily air temperature) and in the years 2014 and 2015 of excessive moisture (294–423 mm of precipitation and 15–16 ºC of average daily air temperature). The early rip­ening varieties “Irgina” and “Iren” (71–94 days of vegetation period) formed an average yield of 2.94 t/ha. The middle-early ripen­ing varieties “Ekaterina”, “Gornouralskaya”, “Svecha”, “Bazhenka”, “Zlata” (75–98 days of vegetation period) produced 3.32 t/ha.The middle-ripening varieties “Krasnoufimskaya 100”, “Ekada 70”, “Simbirtsit”, “Omskaya 36” (90–94 days of vegetation period) pro­duced 3.55 t/ha. The most productive ones are “Iren” (3.05 t/ha), “Ekaterina” (3.64 t/ha), “Ekada 70” and “Simbirtsit” (3.70–3.78 t/ha). Food grain of the first class (with gluten content of more than 32%) was formed by the varieties “Irgina”, “Iren”, “Bazhenka”; the rest varieties formed the second class grain (with gluten content of more than 28%). The ranking method by seven indicators of grain quality allowed us to determine the average rank and to identify the varieties “Irgina” and “Iren” with the highest baking properties (average rank of 1.0–1.7). They are the most promising varieties for the production of food grains in the conditions of the Middle Urals. It is not advisable to use the middle-ripening varieties “Ekada 70” and “Simbirtsit” for this purpose as the average rank of their quality indicators is 7.0–7.1.

The studies were carried out in 2016–2018 in the competitive variety testing of peas on the crop rotation fields belonging to the laboratory of legume breeding and seed-growing of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, located in the part of the Rostov region with unstable humidity (Zernograd). During the years of research, the meteorological conditions of the pea vegetation were contrast that made it possible to objectively estimate the pea lines in the given weather and climate conditions. In the com­petitive variety testing, the 18 lines were studied according to economically valuable traits (seed productivity, productivity elements, adaptability to machine harvesting). As a result of the study, the 6 pea lines were identified: 2 lines of the mustache morphotype “G-1002”, “G-1003”; 4 leafy lines “G-1010”, “G-1011”, “G-1013” and “G-1015”. In the group of the mustache morphotype, 2 lines “G-1002” (on 0.30 t/ha), “G-1003” (on 0.39 t/ha) exceeded the grain productivity of the standard variety for 3 years of study on aver­age. The productivity increase was from 12.4 to 16.1%. In the group of variety samples of the leafy morphotype, the line “G-1010” (on 0.31 t/ha) significantly exceeded grain productivity of the standard variety. All the selected lines were tolerant to their seed-shedding. The line “G-1010” (48.8 pc per plant) showed the highest seed yield per plant. The lines “G-1003” (222.1 g), “G-1011” (209.5 g) and “G-1013” (207.8 g) had the largest fineness of grain. The line “G-1010” (8.85 g/plant) demonstrated the highest productivity per plant. However, having a low coefficient of resistance to lodging (0.35), this line has the greatest loss of seeds during harvesting. The iden­tified lines will be used in further breeding work according to a number of their economically valuable traits.

There has been conducted laboratory assessment of drought resistance of winter soft wheat samples on an osmatic solution (sucrose 16 atm.). The maximum values of this indicator ranged from 70.0% (“Lidiya”) to 79.3% (“Asket”). According to the results of vegetation trials, it was established that in conditions of insufficient moisture supply (aridity of 30% PV) during the flowering phase, the total leaf area of winter wheat varieties and lines varied from 45.2 cm2 (“Volny Don”) to 63.4 cm2 (“Kazachka”), and in the phase of milky ripeness of grain, the total leaf area ranged from 3.5 cm2 (“260/09”) to 17.7 cm2 (“Polina”). The varieties “Krasa Dona”, “Kapitan”, “Lidiya”, “Asket” showed the best ratio of the upper leaves area to the lower ones under arid conditions (in favor of the upper ones in the flowering phase). In the phase of milky ripeness, the presence of lower green leaves was identified in the varieties “Kapitan”, “Krasa Dona”, “Izyumnka”. The amount of accumulated pigments (chlorophyll) in the leaves remains the highest during the flowering period and the milky ripeness of the grain in the varieties “Kapitan” (3.1 and 2.6 m/100g of dry matter), “Kazachka” (2.9 and 2.4 mg/100g of dry matter), “Krasa Dona” (2.8 and 2.4 mg/100g of dry matter), “Asket” (2.7 and 2.3 mg/100g of dry matter), “Lidiya” (2.6 and 2.4 mg/100g of dry matter), “Izyumnka” (2.5 and 2.1 mg/100g of dry matter).

In the Russian Federation, barley occupy about 7.0 million hectares with an average yield of 12.0 hwt/ha. However, the main produc­tion of barley grain (52.0%) is located in the arid regions of the country, namely in the Southern and Privolzhsky Districts (Alabushev et al., 2009; Porturovskaya et al., 2002). This article presents the results of long-term research of spring barley varieties developed by different breeding institutions in the experimental field of the Kalmyk Research Institute of Agriculture named after M. B. Narmaev, the purpose of which is to select highly productive and the most adapted to local climatic conditions varieties for the arid central territory of the Republic. The soil of the experimental area is light chestnut with various degrees of alkalinity and with different mechanical composition. In the com­petitive testing the spring barley varieties of various breeding and experimental institutions were compared with each other and with the standard and zoned varieties. The main factor in the selection of spring barley varieties in 2008–2017 was their ability to form grain yield under difficult hydrothermal conditions. The varieties which successfully passed the competitive tests and showed indisputable advantages in comparison with the standard, were recommended in production as the most valuable for the area. During the study, it was established that spring barley in the central zone of Kalmykia formed a crop from 0.50 to 5.01 t/ha depending on the hydrothermal conditions of the vegetation period in 2008–2017. It has been revealed that in order to obtain stable high grain yields in the central arid zone of Kalmykia, the varieties with a short period of “sowing – earing” (45–55 days) and a vegetation period of 75–85 days or less are of great need.  

The studies were carried out in 2015–2017 at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in order to determine the opti­mal values of quantitative traits, the combination of which allows forming the maximum yield for hybrids of grain use in arid conditions. The 96 maize hybrids were the initial material which were studied for grain productivity, plant height, height of ear attachment, length of the vegetation period and of the period from germination to ear flowering. The presence, strength and direction of correlation between grain productivity and quantitative characteristics have been established. There has been identified a weak positive correlation between the grain productivity and plant height (r = + 0.10…+0.23). Maize hybrids for grain use should be of medium height with an optimal value of the trait of 220–250 cm. The grain productivity had an average in 2016 (r = + 0.49) and a weak in 2015 and 2016 (r = + 0.05; r = +0.17) dependence on an ear attachment height. The optimal values of the trait were 80–95 cm. The nature of the dependence between grain productivity and the length of the vegetation period greatly differed through the year of study. In 2016 an average positive correlation was r = + 0.52; in 2015 and 2017 there was a weak negative correlation r = –0.14, r = –0.24. Through different years, the hybrids of various groups of ripeness formed the maximum grain productivity of 5.0–5.5 t/ha. The hybrids of the middle-early group of ripening, as well as the early-ripening and middle-ripening hybrids had an advantage before the middle-early group slightly differing in the length of the vegetation period. The optimum length of the vegetation period is 97–110 days, the period from germination to ear flowering is 53–61 days.

The article presents the study results of the breeding value of winter triticale lines in the main competitive variety-testing. The va­riety “Student” was used as a standard variety introduced into the State List of Protected Breeding Achievements in the Nizhny-Volga region. There have been selected the most valuable lines as the sources for use in breeding programs. There were identified such promising lines for high grain productivity as № 1 (F11Polessky 10/Vodoley), № 7 (F12Sargau/Polessky 7), № 9 (F8Vodoley/ADP-2//Modus), № 12 (F7Student/Vodoley) with potential of 65.5–83.0 hwt/ha. The plant height of these lines is reduced compared with the standard variety on 22–37 cm. The study results have shown the existence of a wide spectrum of genotypic variability of the “cell membrane permeability”, as a key physiological indicator of drought resistance among the triticale lines and varieties. According to the damage degree of cell membranes, the line № 9 and the variety “Svyatozar” were selected. The lowest value of this indicator was revealed in the genotypes (35.5 and 31.5%) and it does not differ from that in the winter rye variety “Saratovskaya 7” (33.5%, 13.1% of НСР05). The lines № 1, № 7, № 9 and № 11, which according to the complex of the studied parameters are close to the variety “Valentin 90”, are of interest in the breeding work to improve baking traits of triticale.

Quantitative traits which are characterized by a wide range of variability in different locations are of great importance for produc­tivity formation. They are plant height, panicle length, number of spikelets and kernels per panicle, 1000-kernel weight, etc. The study of genetic basis of quantitative traits of rice, which are the main elements of yield structure, is an important problem and its solution is necessary to speed up breeding process. The article deals with the establishing of inheritance type, quantity of allelic variants of genes, which participate in determination of some quantitative traits of the rice hybrid obtained from hybridization of the varieties “CR-1009 (Sub-1)” and “Novator”. The genetic analysis of trait splitting has been carried out by the computer program “Polygen A”. The inheritance of the trait “plant height” occurred was of the type of incomplete domination of large values of the trait, the parental forms varied in two pairs of genes. By the panicle length, monogenic differences of the crossed varieties were observed. According to the number of spikelets per panicle, full dominance of the greater value of the trait was identified. The interaction of two genes was identified, with each parental form having both recessive and dominant alleles, but in different loci. Estimating number of kernels per panicle, there were allelic differences in two loci and trait splitting was in a ratio of 9 : 6 : 1. Trait splitting along the length and width of the spikelet was transgressive and was characterized by the dominance of smaller values of the trait. According to 1000-kernel weight, incomplete dominance of smaller values of the trait and monogenic differences of the initial parental forms have been estab­lished. According to kernel weight per panicle, the digenous differences of the parental forms and the splitting in a ratio of 15 : 1 were identified. The information that differences are determined by two pairs of main genes can be used in practical breeding. It will allow reducing the amount work to obtain recombinants with the desired combination of characteristics.

On the basis of economic use there are three main types of sorghum: grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), sweet sor­ghum (Sorghum sahharatum (L.) Pers.) and grass (Sudan) sorghum (Sorghum sudanense (Piper.) Stapf). There are various directions in the breeding work with grain, sweet and grass sorghum. However, the main breeding task of any grain crop is to create highly pro­ductive varieties and hybrids with high quality of products. This implies the involvement of new initial material with the necessary quali­ties in the breeding process. To solve this problem, a rich genetic material is of great need, which will be used in hybridization. The pur­pose of the work is to identify the main directions and results of sorghum breeding, to study biological diversity within the varieties according to individual indicators and to identify the sources of valuable traits. A large number of the identified sources of economically valuable traits, which are annually involved in hybridization with productive varieties gives evidence of the biological diversity and rich genetic material. The fulfilled work resulted in a number of developed varieties that meet the requirements of agricultural production.

The article presents the main biologic and economic advantages of winter barley, shows the main directions of its use in the industrial processing. The article informs about the dynamics of the sown area and productivity of winter barley in Russia, their distribution through Federal Districts. There has been established that the North-Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts are the main winter barley producers with 153.6–245.6 thousand hectares and 131.2–28.7 thousand hectares respectively. The use of great number of seeds of mass repro­duction together with low sowing traits significantly reduces productivity and qualitative characteristics of the obtained products. The article gives the analysis of winter barley seed-growing from 2012 to 2017. There has been analyzed data on the amount of original sown (OS-1.2), basic (BS) and reproductive seeds (RS1, RS2, RS3). There has been determined a tendency to an increase in the volume of sown seeds of winter barley in the total area from 54.3 thousand hwt in 2013 up to 74.1 thousand hwt in 2016. The largest amount of sown seeds of the basic seeds (14.1 thousand hwt) took place in 2015, the smallest one (6.3 thousand hwt) occurred in 2017. It was found that the number of reproductive seeds remains high and ranges from 78.8 to 88.5% with an annual reduction in volumes in absolute terms. In this regard, there is a periodical need to update the seeds of the used winter barley varieties. In order to stabilize the winter barley productivity, it is necessary to sow the seeds of varieties recommended for sowing in the Rostov region by the State Commission for Variety Testing.

For 25 years due to its unique properties the spring durum wheat variety “Saratovskaya zolotistaya” (1993) is popular not only among grain and pasta producers, but also among breeders of Russia and the CIS countries. Due to its high combining ability, the variety has been introduced in all breeding programs of research institutions engaged in the breeding and cultivation of spring durum wheat as a source of high content of carotenoid pigments.

Barley has a prominent role in the grain balance, because it is a valuable crop with many various uses. Barley ranks second in its sown area, both in Russia and in the Rostov region. Previously, spring barley was used as an insurance crop for “restoring” the frozen crops of winter barley. Currently, for this purpose, facultative barley varieties are used, capable of giving yields both when sown in au­tumn and in spring. The aim of the research was to create a facultative barley variety, combining high productivity, quality and resistance to extreme environmental factors. As a result of long-term breeding work, a new variety of facultative barley ‘Vivat’ has been developed. In the creation of the variety, the most winter tolerant varieties were used, such as ‘Tayna’ (Ukraine), ‘Radical’ (Krasnodar, RF), ‘Paoli’ (the USA). The varieties with high potential productivity are ‘Master’ (Zernograd, Russian Federation) and ‘Khutorok’ (Krasnodar, Rus­sian Federation). During the years of competitive testing (2011-2017), the variety ‘Vivat’ showed advantages over the standard variety ‘Master’ and the best zoned variety ‘Timofey’ according to such important traits as high productivity, winter tolerance, resistance to lodging and drought. In the North Caucasus (6) region, the variety ‘Vivat’ also showed high productivity, winter tolerance, resistance to lodging, drought, and diseases. Since 2018 the variety has been introduced into the State List of Protected Breeding Achievements.

Brown rust is the main disease of wheat soft varieties in the Rostov region. The majority of wheat varieties (more than 87%) developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” show resistance to this causative agent. In order to obtain a complete immunological characteristics of the developed varieties, there were carried out the researches to identify the resis­tance genes (Lr) in the early and adult stages of plant growing in cooperation with the Mycology and Phytopathology Laboratory of the FSBSI ARIZR. There were studied 37 varieties of winter soft wheat on the infectious fields of the south and northwest of Russia, as well as by the methods of a phytopathological test (to three isolates of the fungus with virulence to TcLr9, TcLr19, TcLr26 and the Zernograd pathogen population) and by the PCR analysis using 10 molecular markers Lr1, Lr3, Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr20, Lr24, Lr26, Lr34 and Lr37. DNA was isolated by a micro-method according to K. Edwards, the PCR was carried out in a C-1000 amplifier (Bio Rad, US). The study established that there were no universal varieties among the studied ones which were resistant to all three clones and the Zergograd population. The varieties “Polina”, “Volnitsa” and “Zernogradka 11” showed resistance to the three clones, but in the phase of sprouting they show susceptibility to the pathogen population. According to the results of PCR analysis, the resistance genes Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr26 were also not found in the varieties. 29 out of 37 studied varieties contained the adult resistance gene Lr34, and 20 varieties had the inefficient gene Lr3, which neither apart nor together could protect the plants from brown rust in the field. This indicates that the tolerant varieties carry additional non-identified Lr-genes. In a number of varieties there have been established 2 resistance genes. The variety “Kipchak” susceptible in the field contained the Lr1 gene, which lost its effectiveness. The differences in the damage degree of some varieties in the conditions of the Rostov region and St. Peters­burg indicate a difference in the North Caucasian and northwestern populations by virulence to the causative agent of brown rust.

One of the factors limiting the growth of wheat productivity in Zauralye is the crop infection with leaf-stem diseases, which regularly occur three times in ten years, reducing the harvest on 5 to 30%. In 2015–2017 only two spring soft wheat varieties “Radu­ga” (Kurgan RIA) and “Uralosibirskaya” (SibRIA) (on 8–9% of the total area) out of 17 regionalized ones showed high tolerance to epiphytoty of brown and stem rust. The genetic collections of domestic and foreign origin have been used to develop new varieties. On the epiphytotic background there were identified varieties and samples with effective resistance genes. There has been conduct­ed a target selection in the hybrid populations. There have been estimated morphologically aligned lines for reproduction. For the fast development of new varieties, there has been suggested stable and tolerant to the diseases, adaptive to local conditions initial material, namely the varieties “Sigma”, “Pamyati Leontieva”, “Boevchanka”, “Favorit”, “Novosibirskaya 31”, “Ingala”, “Sudarynia”, “Gerakl”, “Uralosibirskaya”, “Raduga” taken in the collection nursery; and the varieties and lines “Lutescens 120”, “Novosibirskaya 18”, “Rodnik”, “Lutescens 27-12”, “Lutescens 248/05-3”, “LD 25”, “Lutescens 34/08-19”, “Element 22”, “Lutescens 6/04-4” taken in the nursery of the Kazakh-Siberian Spring Wheat Improvement Network (KSSWIN). There have been identified 1340 highly productive lines out of 57 hybrid populations resistant to a wide range of brown rust types, including the virulent type Ug99. The 5 lines from the Siberian Breeding Nursery (SPCS) with complex resistance to brown and stem rust, powdery mildew and 6 varieties with the identified resistance genes to stem rust Sr31, Sr25 are of particular interest. The studied material is included in the breeding process.