The article represents the results of study of baking quality of popular varieties ‘Chulpan 7’ and hybrids F1 of winter rye. It’s shown that baking traits of grain hybrids are the same or a bit better of the variety ‘Chulpan 7’. Grain falling number of the hybrids was higher compared with the variety ‘Chulpan 7’. The hybrid ‘Guttino’ possessed the greatest grain falling number. The varieties ‘Picasso’ and ‘Chulpan 7’ possess the same amount of water soluble pentosans in grain.  Among studies hybrids the hybrid ‘Guttino’ had the largest amount of water soluble pentosans in grain, but the hybrid ‘Brasetto’ had the smallest one. It was shown that a content of water soluble pentosans in winter rye grain had a significant effect on dimensional stability of bread. The larger amount of water soluble pentosans in grain increases dimensional stability of bread. The amount of the effect of water soluble pentosans on dimensional stability of bread is given in figures. If the amount of water soluble pentosans in grain is up to 1%, dimensional stability of bread is up to 0,102. Water soluble pentosans in grain of the hybrids have a slight negative effect on the volume of bread. Grain of the hybrid ‘Guttino’ possesses a comparatively high kinetic viscosity of aqueous extraction, but the hybrid ‘Brasetto’ possesses a low one. Increase of viscosity of aqueous extraction in grain increases dimensional stability of bread. It is shown a possibility to use viscosity of aqueous extraction for quantitative assessment of an amount of water soluble pentosans and baking traits of winter rye hybrids F1. Bread quality of the studied rye hybrids differ from the popular variety ‘Chulpan 7’ and among themselves in some traits. Among the hybrids ‘Brasetto’ possesses the smallest dimensional stability of bread. The hybrid ‘Visello’ has the largest loaf volume; the hybrids ‘Picasso’ and ‘Chulpan 7’ have the smallest one. Crust of bread baked from the grain of the hybrid ‘Picasso’ is smooth, without large cracks, the variety ‘Chulpan 7’ has a smooth, without large cracks crust. The bread crust of the hybrid ‘Picasso’ is of dark brown color, that of the hibrid ‘Chulpan 7’ and the others is from light brown to dark brown. Bread made from all these hybrids is of proper, round, not vague form. Bread baked from the hybrid ‘Picasso’ possesses a uniform porosity with small voids; bread of the variety ‘Chulpan 7’ is uniform, without any voids. 

The article considers the parameters of ecologic adaptability and stability of the varieties and lines of soft winter wheat in the conditions of provocative background (“zasushnik”). It has been studied stress tolerance and genetic flexibility of the trait.  During the research the varieties ‘Don 93’, ‘Izyuminka’ and ‘Rostovchanka 7’ showed a low co-efficient of variation  with СV=39,3%, CV=39,7% and CV=39,8% respectively. The coefficient of line regression (bi) has been also determined. The co-efficient of all varieties, except ‘Don 93’ is more than 1; it shows that productivity of main set of varieties increases under the influence of improvement of growing conditions.   The variety ‘Don 93’ is more adapted to various environmental conditions (bi=1). The varieties ‘Don 93’, ‘Tanais’, ‘Marafon’, ‘Spartak’ and ‘Rostovchanka 7’ showed their productive ecologic stability. The varieties ‘Don 93’ and ‘Rostovchanka 7’ showed their high stress resistance. The varieties ‘Marafon’, ‘Izyuminka’ and ‘Rostovchanka 7’ showed their genetic flexibility.

The article gives the results of study of interspecific hybrids of wheat, harvested at the territory of Azerbaijan. It was given a morphobiologic characteristic of dwarf mutant and fertile constant interspecific hybrid, incomplete amphidiploids and other rare species of wheat.  It has been determined that the dwarf mutant phenotypically differed from the standard T.vavilovii in a plant height, stem size, spicklet length, a number of spikelets, a number of grains per a spicklet, short and very wide mesophytic leaves, anthocyanin ligule.  Electrophoretic analysis of additional proteins in grain showed that the dwarf mutant differs from the standard T.vavilovii even genotypically in allele blocks of additional proteins of grain. The found interspecific hybrid is constant in pheno- and genotype and possesses some unique traits of a spicklet. The hybrid is tall (165-170 cm), but resistant to lodging. In the phase of tillering anthocyanin sprouts are covered with a waxy bloom, and the time of life is winter and spring. The spicklet is awnless, very loose and long, the density is low (D=10,0-10,3). The stem of the spicklet is very strong. Elongatedare lanceolate spikelet glumes are white, narrow to the bottom, not extruded at the bottom of the glumes. The stem is strong. The spicklet is half-rigid, but it’s easily threshed. It has been found out, that phenotypically identical interspecific hybrid of wheat is genotipically stable and possesses unique allele blocks which other hexaploid wheat varieties don’t have. The hybrids ‘T.spelta’ and ‘T.polonicum’ turned to be non-constant and new botanic forms have been bred.

Nowadays the primary task is to find a general formula of predicting development of brown rust on winter wheat and rye.  The existing methods allow making predictive formulas and the regression equation only for those regions, where a long-year study of disease and weather has been carried out.  When we try to predict brown rust on a greater area, it’s rather expensive and it needs a wide range of research posts. One of the methods to make a general formula was based on studying weather factors effecting on pathogen development.  It’s well-known that dripping moisture is necessary for rust spore germination. It usually appears on plant surface as a result of precipitations and dew. A substantial increase in humidity is characteristic for the period.  Temperature has also a significant effect on pathogen development. When it lowers, moisture stays on the plant for a longer time and postpones a period of infection. Thus, we found two factors (air humidity and its temperature), which influence a lot on development of brown rust pathogen. Due to calculations we ascertain the ratio of the number of days with minimum air humidity (40% or more) to the number of days with an average daily temperature of 15°С or more, which shows the effect of these factors on brown rust development. The period for which is to ascertain the ratio is May of this year.  The figures received according to the formula are a summary index of the weather (X_ЧД). In the conditions of the Tambov region heavy or medium development of brown rust on winter wheat and rye is possible when X_ЧД is 1,40 or more.

One of the elements of environmental friendly technology of winter wheat growing in the Crimea is an inoculation of seeds with microbial agents based on the effective microbial strains, which allow preserving soil fertility and reducing of the cost of production while increasing productivity. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds with bio drugs ‘Rizoargin’ (on the basis of Rhizobium  radiobacter), ‘Fosfoenterin’ (on the basis of bacteria Enterobacter nimipressuralis) and their mixture on the structure of the yield and grain quality. Another aim is to determine economic efficiency of their use in comparison with a technology of wheat growing with spring fertilizing. The conducted in 2011-2012 research showed that a combined use of bio drugs was the most efficient for main traits of grain quality (vitreousness, nature and protein content) compared with standard nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizing. According to the two-year data the use of mineral fertilizers (0,33 - 0,53 t/ha) gave the most increase of productivity, and the use of bio drugs excessed the standard variant on 4,07 - 9,05% (0,10 - 0,19 t/ha).  Though the use of microbiologic drugs was more economically efficient (economic return of 2,81-3,1 rub) than the use of mineral fertilizing efficient (economic return of 0-1,1 rub).

The article gives the results three-year study of size of seeds, germ roots and productivity of barley. For the experimenting we chose large and middle fractions of seeds of the varieties ‘Vorsinsky 2’ and ‘Salair’. Sprouting was carried out in the thermostat according to GOST 12038-84. The plots with the area of 10 m2 were laid fallow three times with a sowing norm of 5 ml of sprouting grains per hectare. The weather conditions during the experimenting were different. The year 2012 was very dry during the vegetation period.  The year 2013 was more favorable with moderate drought of an early summer. In 2014 a long drought of the first term of vegetation period didn’t allow forming full extra sprouts and get larger yields.  During the years of study the larger grains of both varieties gave the largest number of sprouts with six and seven roots (‘Vorsinsky 2’ on 26% and ‘Salair’ on 11%) than the smaller ones. In the large fraction we noticed smaller amount of non-germinated seeds. The variety ‘Vorsinsky 2’ had 5,55 roots per seed in the large fraction and 4,82 in the small one in average during the years of study; the variety ‘Salair’ had 5,89 and 5,39 respectively. As a result, the productivity of the variety with large seeds exceeded that of the variety with small ones, ‘Vorsinsky 2’on 0,34 t/ha and ‘Salair’ on 0,3 t/ha. Thus, the larger seeds form larger number of germ roots and productivity with no reference to the conditions of vegetation and genotype.

The article considers the results of experiments dealing with effect of sowing terms and ancestors on sowing qualities of soft winter wheat on the sample of the variety ‘Don 107’. Soft winter wheat is one of the main food crops. The major task for farmers is to receive yield of high quality wheat. The primary factor in winter wheat cultivation is to choose an optimal term of sowing. As the quality of the yield largely depends on it, this issue is the most essential nowadays. Depending on sowing time and ancestors, seeds can get into the best of worst conditions, e.g. air and soil humidity, temperature regime. The beginning of development which influence a lot on bio chemical processes in seeds and plants, depends on sowing terms and ancestors, so the best sowing terms are greatly essential for receiving yields of better quality.  It has been determined that the maximum number of germs was received when the seeds grown after black fallow were sown on the 30 of September (91 p). When the seeds were sown on the 10 of September, they showed the minimum number of germs. The seeds grown after peas for grain gave the similar results.  On the autumn fallow the sowing term of the 30 of September gave the maximum field germination (87%), and the sowing term of the 10 of September gave the minimum of it (81%). The sowing term of the 30 of September gave the maximum field germination (83%) of seeds, sown after peas for grain. It has been established that on average the best sowing term for winter wheat in the Rostov region when the sowing quality of the crop increases after black fallow and peas for grain is the 30 of September.

The article gives the results of effect of different doses and combinations of fertilizers on Camelina sativa (gold-of-pleasure or false flax) in the conditions of forest steppe of Middle Povolzhie.  The influence of different doses and combinations of fertilizers on productivity and quality of seed oil of Camelina sativa has been determined. The main effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on growth and development of Camelina sativa was described.  It has been determined that in all trials the use of fertilizers gave the greatest seed productivity compared with a control (without fertilizers). The fertilizers dose N30P60 increased productivity of Camelina sativa on 0,17 t/ha and oil percentage up to 40,2%. Spring Camelina sativa gave the highest productivity (1,78-1,89 t/ha) with a complex fertilizing (N20P30K20), which exceeded the indexes of the crop grown without fertilizing on 0,98-1,05 t/ha.  The conducted analysis of variance showed that the Camelina sativa productivity was greatly influenced by fertilizers (38,3%). Besides, the article gives main agro chemical traits of soil, long-term study of nutrients in Camelina sativa yield and NPK content per 1 ton in basic and side Camelina products. It has been determined that Camelina plants can endure 68,15 kg of nitrogen per 1 ton of main product and 45,72 kg of side product with seeds and 22,42 kg of it with straw. The plants can endure phosphorus least of all, 8,53 kg with seeds and 3,69 kg with straw (12,22 kg) at a whole.

Lately some innovative selection methods like a marker-assisted selection (MAS) are used together with traditional ones that enable to develop new varieties with qualitative traits faster. MAS include conducting of PCR and analysis of received data to determine the presence of genes alleles with definite traits or DNA-genotyping.  The article gives the results of DNA-genotyping of variety samples of TatRIA selected with four markers of resistance to covered smut (aHor2, UhR450, OPO6₇₈₀ and OPJ10₄₅₀). The hybrids F₃-F₅ were the subjects of study, which were examined by PCR with the use of DNA of selected variety samples. The analysis showed that a genome of one variety sample could possess several gene alleles of resistance to covered smut.  The testing of the sample with PCR-method on locus aHor2 presence showed that less than a half of them turned to be homozygous in susceptibility to covered smut. Thus the analysis helped us to determine economic valuable genotypes for their further use in breeding. Conducted field trials confirmed the received data on genotyping on resistance to covered smut.

The success of breeding is largely defined by a proper choice of the best agro eco type.  A long-term study (1981-2014) of the various collection and breeding material of the zoned varieties, a retrospective analysis of barley researches on Don, a study of correlations among productivity and its elements, i.e. resistance to stress, lodging and diseases, gave an opportunity to ascertain a number of traits which should become characteristic for new developed varieties; to develop schemes of the best parameters of model varieties of different idiotypes and trends of their economic use in the Rostov region.  The recommended models of spring barley of various economic uses allow receiving a maximum yield per each hectare, sown with new varieties. In the Rostov region there are some differences among soil-climatic areas due to their soil fertility, temperature regime, amount and time of precipitations.  In the north-western, north-eastern and eastern parts the varieties of half-intensive type give higher yields, as a trait of ecologic stability plays the main part here. In the Central irrigated area, in southern and pre-Azov areas preference should be given to the varieties of intensive idiotypes, which are characterized with early maturity, good realization of accumulated assimilators and ability to produce a complete yield in the first decade of July because of the ability to avoid summer droughts in the period of grain ripening.

The article deals with the use of growth regulator ‘benzihol’ to increase rice productivity. It is a structural analogue of the well-known retardant ‘chlorine choline chloride’ (Cholini chloridum). The medicine is a phyto regulator of new generation, which possesses auxin, retardant, stress protective and immune-modulating activity. The seeds of the variety ‘Kuboyar’ were treated with the medicine before sowing (5 mg/t) and the leaves of vegetating plants were treated with it in the period of tillering (5 mg/ha). The variants of the trial are a control, treatment of seeds, treatment of leaves, treatment of seeds and leaves. The ancestors are a vast layer of perennial grasses (alfalfa), overturning of the layer, an ameliorative field and 2-d year of rice after an ameliorative field.  The study showed that rice productivity greatly increased with seeds and leaves treatment, which was recommended in the production. The seeds and leaves of the new variety ‘Kuboyar’ were treated with ‘benzihol’ and sown after alfalfa it formed the largest productivity during 4 years on average (8,57 t/ha, which was on 1,44 t/ha more than a control (7,13 t/ha). The other ancestors gave similar results.  On average grain productivity increased from 4,88 t/ha to 5,88 t/ha with treated seeds, 5,44 t/ha with treated leaves and 6,16 t/ha with dual treatment. The increases were 1,00 t/ha (20,4%), 0,56 t/ha (11,5%), 1,28 t/ha (26,2%) respectively. in the production it is recommended to use treatment of seeds, as less expensive.

Winter wheat is an important food crop. On the gross grain harvest and areas under crops it ranks first in global agriculture. In 2015 more than 2,2 ml ha of the sowing areas were cultivated in the Rostov region. The increase of it is going to be up to 2,4 ml ha to 2020. Nowadays grain branch of Russia is greatly influenced with several global factors, among which global climate warming, fertility decrease and new phyto pathogens effect.  Development of winter wheat varieties adapted to definite climatic conditions with a guaranteed of productivity increase is a solution to the problem of grain production stabilization. The article considers economic-biological characteristics of soft winter wheat variety of intensive type ‘Rostovchanka 7’. The tested traits of the variety show, that fertilizing is the main agro technology which determines the amount of harvest of the variety. The variety of intensive type ‘Rostovchanka 7’ was introduced in the State Register of breeding achievements of RF from 2011. It’s middle early, highly productive variety. Its grain productivity if 9,5 t/ha. It possesses a high resistance to common leaf and stem diseases of wheat. The flour and baking properties are excellent. The variety is included in the list of the most valuable wheat of Russia. The most valuable traits of the variety are its frost and drought resistance.

Fodder production determines not only the state of animal husbandry, but greatly influences on development of plant-growing; solves the agricultural concerns and nature use; increases stability of agro systems; promotes restoring of soil fertility. That’s why perennial leguminous grasses are of great importance and significance. The plants are valuable for biologization of agriculture and farming. A vast number of concerns in plant-growing, agriculture and animal husbandry could be solved due to development of new productive and valuable fodder from the varieties of alfalfa and sainfoil. The article discusses productivity and quality of fodder of alfalfa varieties ‘Lyutsiya’(2010), ‘Selyanka’(2013) and sainfoil varieties ‘Veles’(2010), ‘Sudar’(2015), introduced into the State Register. The long-term researches determined that the alfalfa and sainfoil varieties, selected and approved for use, possess better productivity of green mass and dry matter of than of the standard varieties. The studied alfalfa and sainfoil varieties produced fodder units on 8,6%-10,2% more than the standard ones in the first harvesting and on 14,4%-20,3% more in the second harvesting. As for the digestible protein the alfalfa and sainfoil varieties produced it on 8,0% – 9,8%  more than the standard ones in the first harvesting and on 12,5% – 18,8 % more in the second harvesting. The new alfalfa and sainfoil varieties possess the same amount of digestible protein per fodder unit as the standard variety. The amount of fodder units of sainfoil varieties exceeded the standard ones on 10,0% – 11,3%, the amount of digestible protein exceeded the standard ones on 14,4% – 19,6%, but the amount of digestible protein per fodder unit was the same as of the standard variety.

In the southern part of the Rostov region the primary factor for favourable conditions of plants is a sufficient moisture of durum winter wheat in the vegetation period. The ancestor greatly effects on moisture of the crop during the initial vegetation period of durum winter wheat. The proper choice of the ancestor gives a stable and high yield of grain. The study of ancestors (‘winter wheat’, ‘maize for silage’, ‘peas for grain’, ‘black’ fallow’) for durum winter wheat were carried out on the trials of All-Russian Research Institute of Grain Crops after I.G. Kalinenko. The experiments determined that ‘black’ fallow’ stored the most amount of productive moisture for durum winter wheat, which supplied timely, uniform and dense germination. That’s why durum winter wheat gave the highest productivity (4,63 t/ha) sown in ‘black’ fallow’. The maximum productivity in fallow land was received when the crop was sown after ‘peas for grain’ (3,91 t/ha). The moisture consumption of durum winter wheat in ‘black’ fallow’ was 389,4 mm on average, which was on 55,3-77,9 mm more than in fallow land. Thus, the total consumption of moisture per one ton of the harvested crop in black fallow was 40% less than after ‘winter wheat’ and 8% less than after ‘maize for silage’, but it was the same after ‘peas for grain’.  The formation of durum winter wheat yield is more determined by weather conditions (76,0-95,8%), than by the choice of ancestor. In the period of vegetation the plants consume about 4,2-24,0% of productive moisture stored after ancestors.

Pathogen of bacterial stripe disease is the bacteria Pseudomonas andropogoni (E. Smith Stapp), which is widely spread and harmful for sorghum. The first signs of bacterial stripe disease on sorghum leaves usually appear in the first part of July and look as red stripes along the leaf. A rich exudate is formed, which dries as red films or scales under the leaves. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of sowing material quality and methods of pre-sowing treatment of sorghum seeds with drugs on productivity and development of bacterial stripe disease (Pseudomonas andropogoni) in the conditions of forestry steppe of the Samara Region. Forecasting the emergence of bacterial stripe disease on sorghum leaves and assessing its harm on the field we recommend making accounts of its prevalence and development of the disease in the phase of milk ripeness of grain. The development of bacterial stripe disease of sorghum in the forestry steppe of the Samara Region depends a lot on hydro thermal year conditions, amount of precipitations and air temperature in May, June, July (2011). The important factor of tolerance increase of sorghum to bacterial stripe disease is a sowing of seeds from fully healthy plants. The experiments showed, that the most efficient drugs against bacterial stripe disease of sorghum and for increase of productivity of sorghum were ‘Prestizh’, ‘Grandsil’ and ‘Phytosporin’ for a variety of sweet sorghum ‘Kinelskoe 4’; ‘Prestizh’ and ‘Grandsil’ for varieties of grain sorghum ‘Premiera’ and ‘Ros’. The average coefficients of correlation between the disease and productivity is r = -0,394 – -0,471.

In field trials on meadow medium-loamy soils of a plain irrigated area of the Republic of Dagestan we have studied an effect of drip irrigation and sowing density at different levels of pre-irrigation soil moisture on productivity and seed quality of sunflower. The researches were conducted in the educational-experimental farm of Dagestan SAU in 2011-2013. The study showed that the length of sunflower vegetation period depends on the state of pre-irrigation soil moisture more than on sowing density. Sowing density didn’t influence significantly on total water consumption unlike a level of pre-irrigation soil moisture, which increase reduced total water consumption by the plant on 11,6%. Improvement of sunflower water supply reduced co-efficient of water consumption and increased effectiveness of irrigation on 22,6%.  It has been established that 80% HB was an optimal level of pre-irrigation soil moisture which was kept in 0–0,4 m of soil till node formation and in 0–0,8 m of soil with 12–13 times of irrigation with rates 88 and 220 m³/ha respectively.  It has been determined that maximum productivity of (5,8 t/ha) was received at sowing density of 60 th.p/ha and soil moisture of 80% HB, giving the most quantity of oil (2,55 t/ha).

In 2012-2013 we carried out field trials of sunflower hybrid ‘Patriot’ fertilizing it with bio fertilizers on ordinary chernozem of the central part of the Rostov region. Such fertilizers as ammonium phosphate and ammonium nitrate were added during presowing cultivation and bio fertilizer with microorganisms PG-5, 30 P, 7, 17-1 were used for seed processing. The use of N40Р50 dose of fertilizer increased sunflower productivity, oil content and oil yield per hectare on 24,6%, 3,2% and 33,7% respectively in comparison with a standard. The increase of the dose of phosphorus up to 100 kg/ha with presence of 15 mg/kg of moving phosphorus in soil didn’t greatly change these indexes. Nitrogen increase up to 80 kg/ha reduced these indexes but only with a high content of nitrogen in soil.  The seed treatment with bio medicine with microorganisms 7 and PG-5 gave good results. The productivity increased on 20,5%, the oil yield on 27,6 and 24,1%. The variants 30P and 17-1 are unstable to moisture deficit in soil and boiling temperature, which occurred in both years of trials.

Due to necessity to increase productivity of forage oats in dry steppe area of Buryatia we studied an effect of fodder crops and mixture grasses on oats yield during irrigation. Sunflower and oat-pea mixture gave the greatest amount of plant residues (6,75 t/ha and 6,95 t/ha respectively).  The largest content of nitrate nitrogen (13,34-14,0 mg/kg) was noted after mixtures of grasses with peas, but only 3,14-3,46 mg/kg of it after silage crops and the mixture of two grasses. The least content of it (3,06 mg/kg) was noted after a triple mixture of oats, barley and sunflower.  The productivity of absolutely dry matter of oats after maize and sunflower was 3,34 t/ha and 3,36 t/ha; after a mixture of two grasses it was 3,02 t/ha -3,30 t/ha and after a mixture of oats, barley and sunflower it was 3,34 t/ha. The largest productivity (3,54-3,62 t/ha) was noted after a mixture of oats and barley with peas. The maths analysis showed that double correlation between a content of nitrate nitrogen and grain productivity was direct average – r = 0,395 + 0,102, Q = 0,003. The total water consumption of oats differed slightly (3765-3845 m³/ha).  The co-efficient of determination is R² = 2,5%. The co-efficient of water consumption is lower after an oat-pea mixture (502 m³/ha), a barley-pea mixture (505 m3/ha) and a mixture of oats, barley and peas (515 m³/ha). The best oats ancestors are considered double and triple mixtures of peas with oats and barley, as they give the greatest amount of plant residues in soil, the worst ancestor is a mixture of oats with spring rye.

The article considers opportunities and results of winter wheat cultivation using different methods of tillage under insufficient and unstable humidity of the south of Russia. The experiments were carried out as steady trials with the use of different machinery able to cultivate the soil for winter wheat at various depth, including non-tillage variants.  We have obtained the results of biometric characteristics of winter wheat and its productivity in the conditions of 2012-2013 years. The analysis of received data shows that biometric characteristics of winter wheat vary depending on variants of tillage. Winter wheat grown on the cultivated soil showed poor biometric characteristics and reduced its productivity on 20-30% in comparison with a non-tillage variant.   A correlation analysis has been carried out to determine effect of tillage on winter wheat biometric characteristics and on productivity. Such characteristics as mass of straw with spike, number of productive spikes, mass of grain, number of seeds per spike possess a significant statistic correlation (the co-efficient is more than±0,815). Winter wheat gave its largest yields in non-tillage variants. It exceeded its productivity in non-tillage variants on 13-29% which tells about potential of the studied technology of winter wheat production and the correlation analysis proves it. The correlation between winter wheat biometric characteristics and productivity in a non-tillage variant is determined by a co-efficient of correlation of 0,739-1,0. The total influence of considered winter wheat biometric characteristics on its productivity was assessed by a co-efficient of multiple correlation (R) and a co-efficient of determination R², which were 0,886-0,999 and 0,784-0,999 for low power methods of tillage.

Development of domestic grain sub-complex in the conditions of Russia's membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Customs Union, the adoption of an agreement on free trade zone of the Eurasian Economic Community, is functioning in the context of tightening international competition and integration. At the same time the problem of balance of functionally industrial areas and agricultural industries, the problem of optimization of their economic cooperation, the problem of technological modernization in the field of storage, processing and transporting, the problem of improvement of the efficiency and stability of grain production, the problem of ensuring of the competitiveness of grain and its processed products in foreign and domestic markets still remain unsolved. Consideration of these and other issues makes the claimed scientific field especially urgent. The aim of the study is substantiation of methodological principles of grain sub-complex development during a globalization period.  In the paper the principle positions of the functioning of grain sub-complex today have been clarified using scientific methods of research. We have determined the factors which influence on its formation and development. Assessment criteria, functions and peculiarities have been presented here. We have made a conclusion that development of agro-industrial units should meet the requirements of stability, efficiency and competitiveness. The functional-branch structure, the diagram and the algorithm of research of grain sub-complex have been developed. Theoretical and practical significance of the results is that they can serve as a basis for further development of the research methodology of grain sub-complex and substantiation of conceptual approaches to the evaluation of its development. They can allow participating in the development of promising proposals for improving the formation and implementation of the national grain policy in the context of the major priorities of the development of the Russian agricultural sector.