The sowing date of winter durum wheat
https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-66-6-28-32
Abstract
Winter durum wheat is one of the most important crops. This grain crop forms the grain from which high-quality pasta and groats are obtained. The insufficient knowledge of the elements of cultivation technology of this grain crop is one of the factors that limits its widespread use. The sowing date is one of the main elements of cultivation technology of winter durum wheat, which determines the duration and conditions of vegetation, which its productivity depends on. The study was carried out at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2013–2018 in the field crop rotation of the laboratory of grain crop cultivation technologies. There were studied four sowing dates, September 10, 20, 30 and October 10 according to three forecrops (weedfree fallow, peas, sunflower). The total area in the trials was 55 m2, and the accounting area was 41.25 m2, fourfold repetitions. The arrangement of variants in the repetitions was systematic and sequential. The trial was laid down and carried out in accordance with Dospekhov’s methodology of a field trial (1985). As a result of the conducted study, it was determined that the minimum period from sowing date to winter durum wheat sprouting was in the variant with weedfree fallow (from 21 to 27 days) maximal period was in the variant with sunflower (from 27 to 37 days). From the germination period to the finish of autumn vegetation of winter durum wheat (from the early sowing date (September 10) to the late sowing date (October 10)), the vegetation period of the plants decreases, their provision with positive and active temperatures and moisture increases depending on the forecrop. The largest productivity of winter durum wheat was obtained due to weedfree fallow (from 5.74 to 6.44 t/ha), and the smallest productivity of winter durum wheat was obtained when sown after sunflower (from 4.61 to 5.09 t/ha). For all forecrops, the largest yields of winter durum wheat are formed when sowing from September 10 to September 30, which proved to be optimal for this grain crop.
About the Author
A. S. Popov
Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, head of the laboratory of grain crop cultivation technologies, 347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, head of the laboratory of grain crop cultivation technologies, 347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
References
1. Alabushev V. A. Teoriticheskie osnovy rastenievodstva [The theoretical basis of plant-breeding]. Rostov n/D.: PT “Pridon'e”, 1998. 192 s.
2. Dospekhov B. A. Metodika polevogo opyta [Methodology of a field trial]. M.: Agropromizdat, 1985. 351 s.
3. Lihovidova V. A., Kazakova A. S., Samofalova N. E. Vliyanie vodnogo i temperaturnogo stressov na vskhozhest' semyan sortov tverdoj ozimoj pshenicy, poluchennyh v kontrastnye po pogodnym usloviyam gody [The effect of water and temperature stresses on the germination of durum winter wheat varieties obtained in contrasting weather conditions] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2019. № 5(65). S. 34–39.
4. Ovsyannikova G. V., Krivosheeva E. D. Vliyanie predshestvennikov na urozhajnost' ozimoj pshenicy v zavisimosti ot obespechennosti pochvy vlagoj i osnovnymi elementami pitaniya [The effect of forecrops on the winter wheat yields, depending on the availability of soil moisture and basic nutrients] // Nauchnoe obespechenie stabil'nosti proizvodstva zernovyh kul'tur: sbornik. Rostov n/D.: ZAO “Kniga”, 2008. S. 332–337.
5. Romanenko A. A., Bespalova L. A., Mudrova A. A. i dr. Resursosberegayushchaya tekhnologiya proizvodstva ozimoj tvyordoj pshenicy [Resource-saving technology for winter durum wheat production] // Rekomendacii. M.: FGBNU “Rosiformagrotekh”, 2013. 52 s.
6. Samofalova N. E., Dubinina O. A., Samofalov A. P., Ilichkina N. P. Rol' meteofaktorov v formirovanii produktivnosti ozimoj tverdoj pshenicy [The role of meteorological factors in the formation of winter durum wheat productivity] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2019. № 5(65). S. 18–23. DOI: 2079-8725-2019-65-5-18-23.
7. Samofalova N. E., Ilichkina N. P., Avramenko M. A. i dr. Kommercheskie sorta ozimoj tverdoj pshenicy i osobennosti ih semenovodstva [Commercial varieties of winter durum wheat and especially their seed production] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2016. № 6(48). S. 42–47.
8. Samofalova N. E., Popov A. S., Ilichkina N. P. i dr. Tverdaya (turgidnaya) ozimaya pshenica v Rostovskoj oblasti (sortovoj sostav, tekhnologiya vozdelyvaniya, semenovodstvo) [Winter durum (turgid) wheat in the Rostov region (varietal composition, cultivation technology, seed production)] // Nauchno-prakticheskie rekomendacii. Rostov n/D., 2012. 80 s.
9. Yankovskij N. G. Vliyanie vodnogo rezhima pochvy na urozhajnost' tverdoj ozimoj pshenicy v zavisimosti ot predshestvennikov [The effect of the water soil regime on the yield of winter durum wheat, depending on forecrops] // Materialy Yubilejnoj Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii, posvyashchennoj 80-letiyu zasluzhennogo deyatelya nauki Rossii, doktora s.-h. nauk, professora V. A. Alabusheva (17–18 fevralya 2011 g.). Pos. Persianovskij: tipografiya Donskogo agrarnogo universiteta, 2011. S. 140–143.
Review
For citations:
Popov A.S. The sowing date of winter durum wheat. Grain Economy of Russia. 2019;(6):28-32. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-66-6-28-32
Views:
471
Email this article 