Comparative bioenergy estimation of field crop rotations using perennial and annual grasses in the Rostov region
https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-66-6-23-27
Abstract
Annual and perennial grasses are important not only as a source of green fodder, hay, silage, grass meal and haylage in feed production, but also as good forecrops, due to the ability to accumulate biological nitrogen in the soil (since it decreases the cost of mineral fertilizers), to disinfect the soil from micro zoo pests, to improve the physical condition of the soil (since it decreases soil density). Perennial grasses are also an important component of biologized crop rotations, since the amount of crop residues remaining in the soil after harvesting is several times greater than after winter crops. The field trials were conducted in 2009–2016 by the staff of the laboratory of row crop cultivation technology of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The experimental plot is located in the southern soil-climatic zone of the Rostov region (with insufficient and unstable moisture). The soil of the experimental plot is ordinary heavy loamy chernozem on loesslike loams, with 3.2% humus, neutral pH, and a high content of movable phosphorus and exchange potassium according to Machigin. The current paper has presented a bioenergetic estimation of grain (4-crop rotation sequence with annual grasses included) and biologized (8-crop rotation sequence with 25% perennial grasses) crop rotations. It has been established that nutrients’ amount per 1 ha of crop rotation area of biologized crop rotation is higher than in grain crop rotation on 22% of dry matter, on 40% of raw protein and on 39% of metabolic energy. Energy consumption per 1 kg of raw protein is lower on 27%.
About the Authors
G. V. Ovsyannikova
Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory of grain crop cultivation technology, 347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory of grain crop cultivation technology, 347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
G. V. Metlina
Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory of row crop cultivation technology, 347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory of row crop cultivation technology, 347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
S. A. Vasilchenko
Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, senior researcher of the laboratory of row crop cultivation technology, 347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, senior researcher of the laboratory of row crop cultivation technology, 347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
References
1. Barshadskaya S. I., Romanenko A. A., Kvashin A. A. Produktivnost' ozimoj pshenicy v severnoj zone Krasnodarskogo kraya [The winter wheat productivity in the northern zone of the Krasnodar Territory]. Krasnodar, 2010. 254 s.
2. Goldshtajn V., Boinchan B. Vedenie hozyajstv na ekologicheskoj osnove v lesostepnoj i stepnoj zonah Moldovy, Ukrainy i Rossii [Ecological farming in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of Moldova, Ukraine and Russia]. M.: EkoNiva, 2000. S. 69–70.
3. Gricenko A. A. Agrometeorologicheskie usloviya v Zernogradskom rajone Rostovskoj oblasti (1930–2002 god) [Agrometeorological conditions in the Zernograd district of the Rostov region (1930–2002)]. Rostov n/D., 2005. 80 s.
4. Gromova S. N., Skripka O. V., Podgornyj S. V. Produktivnost' i ustojchivost' sortov ozimoj myagkoj pshenicy k poleganiyu i muchnistoj rose v usloviyah Rostovskoj oblasti [Productivity and resistance of winter soft wheat varieties to lodging and powdery mildew in the conditions of the Rostov region] // Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka. 2016. № 4. S. 4–9.
5. Dospekhov B. A. Metodika polevogo opyta [Methodology of a field trial]. M.: Kolos, 1985. 351 s.
6. Ermolenko V. P., Kalinenko I. G. i dr. Sistema vedeniya agropromyshlennogo proizvodstva Rostovskoj oblasti (na period 2001–2005 gg.) [The system of agricultural production in the Rostov region (for the period of 2001–2005)]. Rostov n/D.: Feniks, 2001. 928 s.
7. Ignat'ev S. A., Gryazeva T. V., Ignat'eva N. G., Redigin A. A. Izuchenie dinamiki produktivnosti i kachestva korma raznyh sortov lyucerny i esparceta [The study of the dynamics of productivity and quality of feed obtained from different alfalfa and sainfoin varieties] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2018. № 5(59). S. 10–14. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2018-59-5-10-14.
8. Kalashnikov A. P., Klejmyonova N. I., Bakanov N. N. i dr. Normy i raciony kormleniya sel'skohozyajstvennyh zhivotnyh. Spravochnoe posobie [Norms and rations for feeding farm animals. Reference guide]. M.: Agropromizdat, 1985. 352 s.
9. Kiva A. A., Rabshtyna V. M., Sotnikov V. I. Bioenergeticheskaya ocenka i snizhenie energoyomkosti tekhnologicheskih processov v zhivotnovodstve [Bioenergy assessment and reduction of energy intensity of technological processes in animal husbandry]. M.: Agropromizdat, 1990. 175 s.
10. Listopadov I. N., Tekhin I. I., Ovchinnikov V. A. Kornevye sistemy i protivoerozionnaya effektivnost' kul'tur v sevooborote [Root systems and anti-erosion efficiency of grain crops in crop rotation] // Racional'noe prirodopol'zovanie i sel'skohozyajstvennoe proizvodstvo v yuzhnyh regionah Rossijskoj Federacii. M.: Sovremennye tetradi, 2003. S. 81–85.
11. Metodika gosudarstvennogo ispytaniya sel'skohozyajstvennyh kul'tur [Methods of State Variety Testing of Agricultural crops]. M., 1989. Vyp. 2. 194 s.
12. Razumov V. A. Rukovodstvo po analizu kormov [Guidelines for feeds analysis]. M.: Rossel'hozizdat, 1983. 273 s.
13. Fyodorov V. A., Voroncov V. A., Bryuhova Z. Ya. Zemledelie na biologicheskoj osnove [Biologically based farming]. Tambov: Proletarskij svetoch, 2000. 50 s.
14. Shaposhnikova I. M. Plodorodie chernozemov yuga Rossii [Fertility of blackearth (chernozem) of the south of Russia]. Rostov n/D., 2004. 177 s.
15. Shishova E. A., Kovtunova N. A., Kovtunov V. V., Romanyukin A. E. Sozdanie i hozyajstvenno-biologicheskaya harakteristika sorgo-sudankovyh gibridov [Development and economic and biological characteristics of sorghum-Sudan hybrids] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2019. № 2(62). S. 27–31. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-62-2-27-31.
Review
For citations:
Ovsyannikova G.V., Metlina G.V., Vasilchenko S.A. Comparative bioenergy estimation of field crop rotations using perennial and annual grasses in the Rostov region. Grain Economy of Russia. 2019;(6):23-27. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-66-6-23-27
Views:
394
Email this article 