THE EFFECT OF GROWING CONDITIONS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND KERNEL QUALITY OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT SAMPLES

Abstract

The paper presents the study results of yield and grain quality of winter soft wheat samples in the conditions of the provocative background “zasushnik”. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of growing conditions on the formation of productivity and grain quality of winter wheat samples. The maximum productivity in the conditions of the simulative drought “zasushnik” was shown by the samples ‘Shef’ (295.0 g/m²), ‘Zhavoronok’ (282.0 g/m²), ‘Volny Don’ (280.8 g/m²), which indicates an increased level of drought tolerance of these genotypes. The increase of protein percentage in comparison with the control variety ranged from 20.8% (‘Asket’) to 47.2% (‘Donskaya Step’). There was also gluten amount increase in the experiment in comparison with the control variety from 28.5% (‘Volny Don’) to 54.7% (‘352/11’) and at the same time there was a decrease in protein and gluten quality. Under conditions of a simulative drought, there was a significant decrease in the natural mass of the samples. There were identified such genotypes that, under severe drought conditions, formed a natural grain mass at the level of 3rd quality class (not less than 730 g/l) as ‘Asket’ (730 g/l), ‘Ambar’ (732 g/l), ‘Etud’ (736 g/l ), ‘Luchezar’ (744 g/l) and ‘1377/06’ (743 g/l). There was carried out a correlation analysis which allowed determining a change in the correlation between productivity and quality traits under the effect of growing conditions.