Winter component in spring soft wheat breeding in the Central region

Abstract

In the conditions of the Ryazan region the Institute of Seed-growing and Agrotechnologies (Branch of the Federal Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Agro-Engineering Center VIM”) carried out a comprehensive estimation of winter, spring wheat and breeding material obtained on the basis of crossing with the winter component in 2011-2017. Over the years of research, the winter wheat varieties “Lgovskaya 4” (6.90 t/ha), “Viola” (6.82 t/ha), “Nemchinovskaya 24” (6.68 t/ha) and the spring wheat varieties “Dariya” (3.93 t/ha), “Krestiaynka” (3.84 t/ha), “Kollektivnaya 1” (3.60 t/ha) produced high yields. The winter wheat varieties “Volz-hskaya 15”, “Nemchinovskaya 24”, “Mironovskaya 29”, “Mironovskaya semi-intensive” were found to have the largest kernel weight per head (1.93-2.10 g). The best winter forms used in the hybridization of spring wheat allowed us to create a number of promising lines with high productivity potential and a complex of valuable traits. Over three years (2015-2017), in the control breeding nursery there were identified 4 spring wheat lines with high productivity, where the winter form was taken as one of the parental forms for hybridization. The highest average value of this indicator (5.91 and 5.15 t/ha) was established in the lines “(Priokskaya x Moskovskaya 39 (oz.))F10”, “(Moskovskaya 39 (oz.) x Fora)F10” respectively. The line “(Priokskaya x Moskovskaya 39 (oz.))F10” produced the maximum yield of 6.89 t/ha, the line “(Voronezhskaya 10 х Moskovskaya 39 (оз.))П0” produced the minimum yield of 4.18 t/ha. The lines “(Priokskaya x Moskovskaya 39 (oz.))F10” and “(Kollektivnaya 1 х Nemchinovskaya 24 (оз.))П0” possess good grain weight of 757 and 793 g/l respectively, high technological properties of grain, namely 32.8 and 27.0% of raw gluten in flour, the 1-st group IDK, 340 and 278 a. u. of flour power, falling number of 296 and 377 c, bread volume of 1113 and 1330 cm³.