Estimation of collection spring barley samples’ resistance on the indicators of photosynthetic activity of plants and productivity at simulated drought

Climate change has led to more frequent long periods without precipitation, followed by short but heavy rainfalls, forcing plants to develop drought-resistant mechanisms. The consequences of drought affect the physiological parameters of vegetation, since chlorophyll content and the intensity of photosynthesis decrease, biomass accumulation slows down, which ultimately results in crop productivity decrease. The purpose of the current work was to study the effect of growing conditions on total leaf area, chlorophyll content and productivity of spring barley in order to identify the most moisturetolerant varieties. In 2024–2025 there were studied 36 collection spring barley samples of domestic and foreign breeding in the laboratory for cell breeding on a vegetation plot under simulated moisture conditions. There has been studied the impact of simulated drought on physiological parameters (leaf area, photosynthetic potential, and chlorophyll content) and productivity of spring barley varieties. The varieties Arkan, Bogatyr, Leon, Magnit and Novik under water stress have demonstrated the highest leaf area of 9.0–25.0 cm2, photosynthetic potential of 0.692– 0.906 million m2/day, and 0.6–0.9 mg of chlorophyll per 100 g of wet material. During the study, there have been identified such varieties as Arkan (130.5 g/m2 and 73.4%), Azimut (129.9 g/m2 and 74.7%), Partner (128.1 g/m2 and 71.9%), Novik (125.5 g/m2 and 63.2%), Leon (120.7 g/m2 and 70.6%), Taler (119.7 g/m2 and 65.2%) and Bogatyr (116.8 g/m2 and 49.3%) with maximum values of productivity and a minimal decrease in this indicator compared to the control. There have been established positive correlations between productivity indicators and leaf area at a milky ripeness stage (r = 0.33±0.16), as well as chlorophyll content during a flowering period and a milky ripeness stage (r = 0.41±0.16 and r = 0.27±0.17, respectively). The obtained results can be used in breeding drought-resistant spring barley varieties.

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