Productivity and grain quality of spring durum wheat samples of the nursery KASIB-22 IN Western Siberia

   Durum wheat is the most important grain crop to produce pasta in the West Siberian region. There is a great necessity in wheat varieties with high adaptability to environmental stress factors, good suitability to cultivation
technologies, high grain quality in order to expand the areas under this crop in the Omsk region.

   The purpose of the current study was to estimate productivity and technological traits of grain quality of spring durum wheat varieties of the nursery KASIB-22, and to select promising genotypes with a set of economically valuable characteristics for breeding programs.

   The study was conducted on the experimental field of the FSBSI “Omsk ARC” in 2022–2024 to study 20 durum wheat varieties and lines of the nursery KASIB-22 from five breeding institutions in Russia and Kazakhstan. There have been analyzed productivity and main technological characteristics of grain quality, such as protein, gluten, nature weight, hardiness, gluten index, sedimentation index and pasta color, using generally accepted methods. There have been identified genotypes exceeding productivity of the standard variety ‘Zhemchuzhina Siubiri’ (28.3–30.8 hwt/ha), they are ‘Line 242/243-2020’ (Aktyubinsk AES), ‘Gordeiforme 2246’ (Karabalyk AES), ‘ATP Prima’ (FASCA), ‘G.11--77-3’ (Omsk ARC), ‘Line 2217d-4’, ‘Line 1927d-27’, ‘Line 2285d-3’ (Samara RIA). The share of the nursery’s varieties with high protein and gluten percentage (≥ 17.0 and ≥34 %) was 75 %, while the share of varieties with high sedimentation rates (≥ 40 ml) and gluten index (≥ 75 units) was quite low with 30 % and 25 %, respectively. There has been formed a pool of the best genotypes with a high productivity level (27.9–30.8 hwt/ha) and improved grain quality characteristics (protein ≥ 15.9 %, gluten ≥ 32.7 %, 749–795 g/l of grain nature, 46.8–87.1 units of gluten index, 38.4–46.0 ml of sedimentation), recommended for breeding programs as initial material, namely ‘Line 242/243-2020’ (Aktyubinsk AES), ‘Gordeiforme 2246’ (Karabalyk AES), ‘ATP Prima’ (FASCA), ‘Line 2217d-4’, ‘Line 1927d-27’, ‘Line 2285d-3’, ‘Line 1693d-71’ (Samara RIA).

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