New amylopectin self-pollinated lines of waxy maize subspecies

   The value of amylopectin starch as a raw material for the technical, food, and medical industries makes crucial to develop a waxy maize subspecies (Zea mays L. ceratina) that contains this type of starch. The current study was conducted at the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2022–2024.

   There have been studied 14 new self-pollinated lines of waxy maize, developed using the standard (cob-type) method.

   The purpose of the study was to identify self-pollinated lines of waxy subspecies with a high proportion of amylopectin in their starch and high values of main economically valuable traits, and to determine the effect of pollination method on starch content.

   There have been determined that the pollination method (artificial and open) had insignificant effect on the total starch content in grain. Only two line out of 10 studied changed their starch content class depending on the pollination method. There have been identified such lines as 24/29, 25/69, 26/99, 25/95, 26/31, 25/64 (10), 27/23, 24/28, 24/28A, having a high proportion of amylopectin in starch (99.83–99.89 %). Among them, the lines 24/29, 25/95, 26/31, 24/28, 24/28 A were characterized by a high content of total starch in grain (68.7 – 69.0%). Among amylopectin lines, the line 26/99 had the highest grain productivity (0.76 t/ha), average productivity (0.31–0.43 t/ha) was found in the lines 25/69, 26/31, 24/28. There have been identified the new amylopectin lines resistant to lodging (24/29, 26/99, 24/28) and resistant to blister smut under natural conditions (24/29, 25/64 (10), 27/23). The new lines, excepting 24/29 and 27/23, were easy to harvest (50.0–60.0 cm of ear attachment). Higher yields of waxy lines were achieved through large productivity trait values. There have been found high positive correlation coefficients between grain productivity and cob weight (r = 0.80 ± 0.17), 1000-grain weight (r = 0.91 ± 0.12), and number of grains per cob (r = 0.74 ± 0.19).

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