The breeding work on the winter bread wheat varieties of intensive type in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”
https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2020-72-6-19-25
Abstract
The systematic study on winter wheat breeding began in 1955 in the former Zernograd experimental station, and now the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “ARC “Donskoy”. Under these conditions, the development of the most suitable for local conditions varieties of intensive type with increased frost resistance determined the main direction of winter wheat breeding in those years. In the early 1980s, the area of black fallow increased in the Rostov region, much attention was paid to irrigated agriculture. There was planned to increase the area under irrigation in the North Caucasus to 1 million hectares. Therefore, there was set a goal to develop highly productive, low-stemmed, resistant to lodging varieties, responsive to mineral fertilizing with complex immunity to diseases. The breeding work of the laboratory for the breeding and seed production of winter bread wheat of an intensive type over the past forty years resulted in the development of 22 varieties of intensive type with good adaptability to the conditions of the Rostov region. In 2020, 17 winter bread wheat varieties of an intensive type were included into the State List of Breeding Achievements, five varieties ‘Yubiley Dona’, ‘Zodiak’, ‘Univer’, ‘Razdolye’, ‘Rubin Dona’ are currently undergoing the State Variety Testing at the SVTs of the Russian Federation. A stable productivity improvement is possible only with the emphasis on the development of varieties with broad adaptive properties, providing sufficiently high yields under various cultivation conditions. Among the breeding traits that affect productivity stability, the most significant in the conditions of the Don are winter and frost resistance, disease resistance, drought resistance, early ripeness, and grain quality. Therefore, the adaptive potential increase is the most important task for the future breeding. In order to solve this problem, intraspecific and interspecific hybridization, followed by targeted selection, remains the main breeding method of winter bread wheat of an intensive type.
About the Authors
O. V. Skripka
Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory for the breeding and seed production of winter bread wheat of an intensive type
347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
S. V. Podgorny
Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory for the breeding and seed production of winter bread wheat of an intensive type
347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
A. P. Samofalov
Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory for the breeding and seed production of winter bread wheat of an intensive type
347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
V. L. Chernova
Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
agronomist of the laboratory for the breeding and seed production of winter bread wheat of an intensive type
347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3
References
1. Alabushev A. V., Gureeva A. V., Raeva S. A. Sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya semenovodstva zernovyh kul'tur Rossii [The state and prospects of development of seed production of grain crops in Russia] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2010. № 6(12). S. 13–17.
2. Alabushev A. V. Itogi i prioritetnye napravleniya po selekcii, semenovodstvu, tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya vo VNIIZK im. I. G. Kalinenko [Results and priority areas for breeding, seed production, cultivation technology at the ARRIGC named after I. G. Kalinenko] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2010. № 5(11). S. 5–9.
3. Zyukin D. A. Strategiya razvitiya zernoproduktovogo polkompleksa APK kak vazhnoe napravlenie obespecheniya prodovol'stvennoj bezopasnosti strany [The development strategy of the grain production complex of the AIC as an important direction of ensuring the country's food security] // Voprosy ekonomiki i prava. 2018. № 124. S. 84–88.
4. Ivanisov M. M., Marchenko D. M., Nekrasov E. I., Rybas' I. A., Romanyukina I. V., Kravchenko N. S. Rezul'taty izucheniya sortov ozimoj myagkoj pshenicy razlichnogo ekologo-geograficheskogo proiskhozhdeniya v usloviyah yuga Rostovskoj oblasti [The study results of the winter bread wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origin in the south of the Rostov region] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2019. № 6(66). S. 12–17.
5. Kovtun V. I., Skripka O. V. Urozhajnost' i elementy ee struktury u sortoobrazcov ozimoj myagkoj pshenicy v usloviyah Rostovskoj oblasti [Productivity and its structure elements of the winter bread wheat varieties in the conditions of the Rostov region] // Sb. nauchn. trudov v chest' 90-letiya KNIISKH im. P. P. Luk'yanenko. 2004. T. 1. S. 185–189.
6. Kudryashov I. N., Bespalova A. A., Gusev V. A. Sort kak osnovopolagayushchij faktor intensifikacii proizvodstva zerna ozimoj pshenicy [A variety as a fundamental factor in the intensification of winter wheat grain production] // Pshenica i triticale. Zelenaya revolyuciya P. P. Luk'yanenko: mat. nauch.-prakt. konferencii. 2001. S. 464–469.
7. Sanduhadze B. I. Selekciya ozimoj pshenicy – vazhnejshij faktor povysheniya urozhajnosti i kachestva [Winter wheat breeding is the most important factor in increasing yields and quality] // Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2010. № 11. S. 4–6.
Review
For citations:
Skripka O.V., Podgorny S.V., Samofalov A.P., Chernova V.L. The breeding work on the winter bread wheat varieties of intensive type in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. Grain Economy of Russia. 2020;(6):19-25. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2020-72-6-19-25
Views:
397
Email this article 