The sources of yellow rust resistance (the causative agent Puccinia striiformis West.) among the breeding and collection material of winter wheat developed in the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”

The current paper has presented the results of joint long-term immunological study of winter wheat varieties and lines of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” to the North Caucasian population of the yellow rust pathogen. The study was carried out under artificial in fection in various agro-ecological conditions (FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in Zernograd, Rostov Region and FSBSI “All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Protection of Plants” in Krasnodar). Yellow rust (the causative agent Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici West.) is a dangerous wheat disease in all regions of the world that cultivate grain, including in the south of Russia. In years with favorable conditions, the wheat yield loss caused by this pathogen can reach 70-100%. One of the most effective methods to protect wheat is the cultivation of pathogen-resistant varieties. To develop them, there is a great necessity in a regular screening of resistance sources among wheat varieties and lines of various breeding. In the conditions of field plots the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” (2014-2016) and the FSBSI “All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Protection of Plants” (2017-2019) on artificial infectious backgrounds of P. striiformis there were tested the breeding and collection wheat varieties and variety-samples developed by the researcher of the department of winter wheat breeding and seed production of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”. Over the past 40 years, the Don breeders, attracting various sources and donors of resistance, have developed such wheat varieties with high resistance to major diseases, including yellow rust, as “Donskaya bezostaya”, “Don 85”, “Donshchina”, “Kolos Dona”, “Zernogradka 8”, “Don 93”, “Don 95”, “Donskoy Mayak”, etc. As a result of the studies conducted in various agroclimatic zones, among the studied material, there has been established a high percentage (from 52.0 to 87.3) of varieties and varietyyy-samples resistant to yellow rust. According to longterm data, the winter bread wheat varieties “Volnitsa”, “Izyuminka”, “Krasa Dona”, “Lidiya”, “Nakhodka”, “Shef”, “Yubiley Dona”, “Etud” and the winter durum wheat varieties “Zoloto Don”, “Lakomka”, “Uslada” have shown a great resistance to the disease.

1. Anpilogova L. K., Volkova G. V. Gruppovaya ustojchivost' k vozbuditelyam ozimoj pshenicy i puti ee usileniya [Group resistance to winter wheat pathogens and ways to improve it] // Vestnik zashchity rastenij. 2000. № 2. S. 29-32.

2. Babayanc L. T., Meshterhazi A., Vekhter V. Metody selekcii i ocenki ustojchivosti pshenicy i yachmenya k boleznyam v stranah - chlenah SEV [Methods for breeding and assessing wheat and barley resistance to diseases in the CMEA member countries]. Praga, 1988. 321 s.

3. Volkova G. V., Kremneva O. Yu., Kudinova O. A., Vaganova O. F., Matveeva I. P., Kim Yu. S. Fitosanitarnaya ocenka vysevaemyh na yuge Rossii sortov ozimoj pshenicy po ustojchivosti k kompleksu boleznej [Phytosanitary estimation of winter wheat varieties sown in the south of Russia for resistance to a complex of diseases] // Tavricheskij vestnik agrarnoj nauki. 2019. № 3(19). S. 39-48. DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2019-3-19-39-48.

4. Govorov D. N., Zhivyh A. V., Novoselov E. S., Shabel'nikova A. A., Shchetinin P. B., Nikulin A. N. Obzor fitosanitarnogo sostoyaniya posevov sel'skohozyajstvennyh kul'tur v Rossijskoj Federacii v 2017, 2018, 2019 godah i prognoz razvitiya vrednyh ob"ektov v 2018, 2019, 2020 godah [Review of the phytosanitary condition of agricultural crops in the Russian Federation in 2017, 2018, 2019 and the forecast of the development of harmful objects in 2018, 2019, 2020]. M.: Ministerstvo sel'skogo hozyajstva Rossii, FGBNU “Rossijskij sel'skohozyajstvennyj centr”, 2018. 978 s.

5. Derova T. G., Shishkin N. V., Grichanikova T. A. Ustojchivost' kollekcionnyh obrazcov ozimoj pshenicy k listovym boleznyam v usloviyah Rostovskoj oblasti [Resistance of collection winter wheat samples to leaf diseases in the Rostov region] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2015. № 1. S. 60-63.

6. Derova T. G., Shishkin N. V. Ocenka ustojchivosti sortov ozimoj pshenicy k osnovnym boleznyam pri ekologicheskom ispytanii v Rostovskoj oblasti [Assessment of the winter wheat resistance to major diseases during environmental testing in the Rostov region] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2018. № 1. S. 70-72. https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2018-55-1-70-72.

7. Ivanisov M. M., Marchenko D. M., Nekrasov E. I., Rybas' I. A., Grichanikova T. A., Romanyukina I. V., Kravchenko N. S. Rezul'taty izucheniya sortov ozimoj myagkoj pshenicy razlichnogo ekologo-geograficheskogo proiskhozhdeniya v usloviyah yuga Rostovskoj oblasti [The study results of winter bread wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origin in the south of the Rostov region] // Zernovoe hozyajstvo Rossii. 2019. № 6(66). S. 12-17. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2019-66-6-12-17.

8. Matveeva I. P., Volkova G. V. Zheltaya rzhavchina pshenicy. Rasprostranenie, vredonosnost', mery bor'by (obzor) [Yellow rust of wheat. Distribution, harmfulness, control measures (review)] // Vestnik Ul'yanovskoj gosudarstvennoj sel'skohozyajstvennoj akademii. 2019. № 2 (46). S. 102-116. DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2019-2-102-116.

9. Prishchepov S. N., Sapunova L. V., Gureeva A. V., Samofalov A. P. Osnovnye napravleniya selekcii ozimoj myagkoj pshenicy intensivnogo tipa na Donu [The main directions of breeding of winter bread wheat of intensive type on the Don] // Zernovye i kormovye kul'tury Rossii: sb. nauchn. trudov VNIISZK. Zernograd, 2002. S. 208-214.

10. Shumilov Yu. V., Volkova G. V. Zheltaya rzhavchina pshenicy trebuet osobogo vnimaniya [Wheat yellow rust requires special attention] // Zashchita i karantin rastenij. 2013. № 8. S. 13-14.

11. Chen X. M. Epidemiology and control of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) on wheat // Canadian journal of plant pathology. 2005. No. 27. Рр. 314-337.

12. FAOSTAT [Elektronnyj resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://www.fao.org.

13. Gassner G., Straib U. W. Weitere Untersuchungen uber die Spexialisierungsverhaltnisse des Gelbrostes Puccinia glumarum (Schm.) Erikss. U. Henn. // Arb. Boil. Reichsanstalt. 1934. Vol. 21. Pp. 121-145.

14. Zhao J., Wang L., Wang Z., Chen X., Zhang H., Yao J., Zhan G., Chen W., Huang L., Kang Z. Identification of eighteen Berberis specises as alternate hosts of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici // Phytopathology. 2013. No. 103. Рp. 927-934.