The varietal features of the yield formation and technological indicators of grain quality of the spring wheat variety “Agata”, depending on a moisture supply degree

There has been carried out an assessment of the yield formation and indicators of grain of the spring wheat variety ‘Agata' and there has been found their variability in different years of moisture in the Central region of Russia. There has been shown a strong variability of HTC and precipitation amount throughout the years, especially in June (with V 72.9% and V 69.6%, respectively). The variability of the average daily air temperature was less subjected to fluctuations; the highest value was noted in May (V 12.5%). The largest variety productivity was 5.86 t/ha in 2008, the minimum 1.72 t/ha in 2011, with an average value of 4.51 t/ha. It was revealed that the spring wheat productivity was strongly influenced by weather conditions in June, when tillering of plants was still going on, tube formation was starting, there was an active growth of the vegetative mass, the correlation between HTC and the yield was r = 0.785. It has been established that grain nature, protein percentage in grain, 1000-grain weight, dough liquefaction degree, and the specific work of dough deformation were the least susceptible to variability over the years. The falling number depended to the greatest extent on moisture supply degree. It has been determined that the years with large aridity in June and July had a strong negative effect on grain nature and 1000-grain weight. When the value of HTC was less than 0.4, the correlation coefficient was r = -0.667.-0.807. The moisture supply degree in June influenced the accumulation of protein and gluten in wheat grain. These indicators were in a strong negative correlation with the minimum values of HTC r = -0.722.-0.863. The volume of bread yield was strongly negatively influenced by the minimum values of HTC in June and July, r = -0.800, and r = -0.749, respectively. With HTC increase in June, there was identified a close direct correlation r = 0.715, however, in humid conditions during this period, the correlation was inverse, r = -0.654.

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