The main achievements and trends of spring durum wheat breeding in FSBSI ‘RIA of South-East’

Abstract

The article presents a characteristic of the new variety of spring durum wheat ‘Luch 25’, which was listed into the State List of Breeding Achievements approved to use in 2017. The climate of the Povolzhye region is extremely unstable. The amount of precipitations during vegetation of grain crops range from 46 to 236 mm and their distribution is extremely uneven. Thus the main efforts are aimed at developing highly productive varieties adapted to heavily changeable conditions. Besides, the variety is to meet the requirements of grain quality, tolerance to diseases, lodging and grain germination on the vine. These were the tasks in the development of the new variety of spring durum wheat ‘Luch 25’. The variety has been hybridized from ‘Saratovskaya zolotistaya’ with the largest amount of carotenoids, ‘Valentina’ with large kernels and high quantitative gluten, ‘Saratovskaya 59’ with its tolerance to lodging and the studied line ‘PD-45’ with resistance to pre-harvesting germination. The new variety ‘Luch 25’ produces permanent increase of the yields in climatically favorable and unfavorable years. Besides, the variety is characterized with grain of high quality, stability to pre-harvesting germination and tolerance to many dangerous diseases.