THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGING ON GRAIN CROP PRODUCTIVITY IN THE CENTRAL PART OF THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA
https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-62-2-17-20
Abstract
The paper presents the analysis of meteorological criteria and the study of their influence on productivity of winter and spring grain crops through 20 years (1999–2018) in the Central zone of the Republic of Kalmykia. Meteorological information was analyzed differentially, i. e. for the entire period, over five-year terms (cycles), in separate years and seasons. The yield analysis was carried out according to the test results of 2170 variety samples of winter soft wheat, 334 samples of winter triticale and 503 spring barley varieties. Over the years the temperature was constantly becoming warmer. The average annual air temperature through 20 years exceeded the climatic norm on 1.30 °C (+10.7 °C). A similar situation took place both over five-year terms and in separate seasons. In winter the air temperature exceeded the norm by 1.7 °C (–2.5 °C), in the spring by +1.7 (+10.50 °C), in summer by +1.4 (+24.50 °C), in the autumn by +0.6 °C (+10.0 °C). In the important (summer) period of grain yield formation the amount of precipitation decreased by 25.6% (85.6 mm) of the climatic norm (115 mm). It was established that the main moisture accumulation (179.1 mm (55.1%) of precipitation) occurred in the autumn (25.8% (83.8 mm)) and in the spring (29.3% (95.3 mm)). Contrasting weather conditions made it possible to establish the effect of anomalous climatic parameters on productivity of winter wheat, winter triticale and spring barley. The results of productivity analysis through 2014–2018 showed that in the changed vegetation conditions winter soft wheat (3.19 t/ha), winter triticale (3.45 t/ha) and spring barley (2.53 t/ha) tended to increase average productivity by 0.34, 1.49 and 0.56 t/ha, respectively, compared with 1996–2000.
About the Authors
B. A. Goldvarg
Kalmykia Research Agricultural Institute named after M. B. Narmaev, affiliate “Pre-Kaspy Agricultural Federal Research Center RAS”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, chief researcher of the, department of arid agriculture, forage production and seed-growing
358011, Elista, Gorodovikov O. I. Sq., 1
V. G. Gritsienko
Kalmykia Research Agricultural Institute named after M. B. Narmaev, affiliate “Pre-Kaspy Agricultural Federal Research Center RAS”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, docent, senior researcher of the, department of arid agriculture, forage production and seed-growing
358011, Elista, Gorodovikov O. I. Sq., 1
M. V. Boktaev
Kalmykia Research Agricultural Institute named after M. B. Narmaev, affiliate “Pre-Kaspy Agricultural Federal Research Center RAS”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, senior researcher of the, department of arid agriculture, forage production and seed-growing
358011, Elista, Gorodovikov O. I. Sq., 1
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Review
For citations:
Goldvarg B.A., Gritsienko V.G., Boktaev M.V. THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGING ON GRAIN CROP PRODUCTIVITY IN THE CENTRAL PART OF THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA. Grain Economy of Russia. 2019;(2):17-20. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-62-2-17-20
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