INHERITANCE OF A NUMBER OF QUANTITATIVE TRAITS OF THE RICE HYBRID ‘KARLIK 1 × LK’

Abstract

The study of such traits as ‘plant height’, ‘panicle length’, ‘number of spikelets per panicle’, ‘1000-kernel weight’ are of great importance in the breeding work. Kernel productivity of rice is significantly dependent on ‘number of spikelets per panicle’, ‘number of grains per panicle’ and ‘1000-grain weight’. Therefore, it’s necessary to know a genetic mechanism of every trait and their correlation. The article deals with the identification of inheritance type, number of allelic variants of genes, participating in the determining of height and other quantitative traits of rice hybrids obtained as a result of hybridization of absolutely different collection samples. The software ‘Polygen A’ has been used in the genetic analysis of splitting of the traits. Plant height of the initial parental forms presented minimum and maximum values in the diversity of our collection. The average plant height of the sample ‘Karlik 1’was 54 cm, the plant height of the sample ‘LK’ was 156 cm. Significant differences were in the panicle length (12.3 and 27 cm) and in 1000-kernel weight (20.5 and 25.5 g). The study of the population F has established that the traits ‘plant height’ and ‘panicle length’ are inherited according to the type of incomplete dominance of large values of the trait; the differences among the initial forms were in three genes. According to number of spikelets and kernels per panicle there was a negative dominance and non-allelic epistatic interaction of two pairs of genes with splitting in the ratio 12 : 3 : 1. The trait ‘1000-kernel weight’ is inherited on the type of super-dominance of large values of the trait and is substantiated by digenic differences of initial forms with a masking pleiotropic effect of the dwarfism gene d1.