PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY OF THE OAT VARIETY ‘YAKOV’ IN DEPENDENCE OF DESICCANTS AND THE TERMS OF THEIR USE IN THE MIDDLE PRE-URAL TERRITORY

Abstract

A desiccation under specific soil-climatic conditions makes it possible to ensure a uniform maturation of the grains in oats panicle and to preserve the formed yield. Thus, the purpose of our research was to determine the effect of different desiccants and the terms of their application on the yield and quality of the grain of the oat variety ‘Yakov’. The research was carried out on the experimental field of AO “Uchkhoz Iyulskoe IzhSAA” during 2015–2017. The soil was sod medium-podzolic medium-loamy, the arable soil layer on the experimental plots was of an average cultivation degree. SCC in the critical phase of oats development, paniculation phase was 0.8 in 2015, 1.5in 2016 and 2.2 in 2017. Therefore, grain productivity in dependence on the desiccants was different. In the phase ‘milky kernel-full ripeness’ an average daily air temperature was 21.4 °C in 2016, 16.3 °C in 2015, 18.4 °C in 2017. As a result, it was found that after 9 days of ‘milky kernel’ formation oat seeds pre-treated with ‘Raundap’, ‘Basta’ and ‘Reglon Super’ produced the largest yield 4.23 t/ha in 2015 and 6.64 t/ha 2017 with 24.1% and 27.3% husk content, 571 g/l and 578 g/l nature weight respectively. In 2016, the highest yield of 4.45 t/ha was obtained after the application of desiccants 6 days after of ‘milky kernel’ formation, husk content was 27.4% and nature weight was 533 g/l.