THE USE OF POLYFUNCTIONAL REMEDIES IN THE INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF WINTER WHEAT PROTECTION FROM FUNGAL DISEASES

Abstract

There have been studied the possibilities to increase genetically substantiated productivity of winter wheat in the system of integrated protection of plants. We combined the chemical seed dressing and treatment of vegetated plants with the domestic ecologically friendly remedies of polyfunctional type of action. Immunotsitofit has been used as a biologically active substance, Extrasol (microbiological fertilizer) has been used as a biological substance and a low-intensity laser radiation (λ=650 нм) has been used as a physical method. In the trials we have used the winter wheat sown after the dangerous forecrop (wheat) and after the alfalfa. The plants were infected with the cercosporella (pathogenic organism Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides Fron.) and/or the rhizoctonia (pathogenic organism Rhizoctonia cerealis E.P.Hoeven) root rots and pyrenophorosis (yellow spots) (pathogenic organism Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechsl.) and other leaf diseases. The results of the trials have been considered where the root rots exceeded the economically acceptable limit of harmfulness, and leaf diseases did not reach the limit and vice versa. It has been determined that the plant treatment with the remedied in two stages (‘the end of the tillering’ or ‘the stem extension stage’ and ‘the earing phase’ resulted in higher potential productivity of winter wheat (in comparison with the control and standard (chemical protection)) and improvement of grain quality. As the considered remedies are ecologically friendly, the pesticide burden on agrocenosis decreases and the harvested products are safe for human and animal health.