COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY OF SEED-GROWING OF THE THREE-WAY CROSS AND THE SINGLE- CROSS MODIFIED HYBRIDS OF MAIZE

In the favorable and dry conditions of the Voronezh region three new three-way cross hybrids (one hybrid with a mother form ‘Rubin S’ and two best hybrids with ‘Rodnik S’ significantly exceeded the standard and all single-cross modified hybrids. At the same time, the single-cross modified hybrids, selected on the mother forms ‘Agat M’ and ‘Ashan M’ exceeded the same three- way cross hybrids in grain productivity. The productivity of the best three-way cross hybrid ‘Rodnik S’ х В 51 was 6.80 t/ha, but the single-cross modified hybrids ‘Agat M’ х В 51 and ‘Ashan M’ х В 51 produced 7.20 and 7.16 t/ha of dry grain respectively. But, the single-cross and single- cross modified hybrids significantly gave in to the three-way cross hybrid in grain productivity on 12-57% in the favorable conditions and on 16-73% in the conditions of moisture deficit. The high cost of seeds of the single-cross hybrids (67.6 – 167.5 th rub/t) and the single-cross modified hybrids, selected with the help of sister hybridizations (51.7 – 96.4 th rub/t) and grown during frequent droughts, does not allow receiving a profit in the dry conditions and requires the use of irrigated lands for the seed-growing in the Voronezh region. The best variant is to implement the single-cross modified hybrids, selected on the single-cross hybrids, for example ‘Agat M’. Such hybrids successfully combine high productivity (6.78 – 7.20 t/ha) and rather efficient seed-growing, which give the opportunity to obtain the profit at the cost of 60-70.000 rubles per ton of seeds.

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