Biochemical and sowing characteristics of winter rapeseed developed by pollination in a group net isolator

The purpose of the current study was to estimate the effect of group net isolator conditions on the biochemical and sowing characteristics of winter rapeseed compared to open pollination. There have been studied five genotypes (the varieties Elvis, Loris, Sarmat, Selegor, and the Rf-line ORK-10) grown in 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 at the central experimental base of VNIIMK. The seeds of the studied genotypes were analyzed on a Matrix-I IR spectrometer according to such indicators as oil content, fatty acid composition of seed oil, and amount of glucosinolates in seeds. Latent infestation with Alternaria brassicicola (Schw.) Wilts. was determined using the E.M. Dolgova method on sprouts. Laboratory germination was determined according to GOST 12038-84. The data were interpreted using the graphs of forest plots and slope. There has been established a significant decrease in oil content by 1.4–2.6% for all genotypes under isolation, most pronounced in the varieties Sarmat and Selegor. There has been found a shift in the fatty acid profile, when oleic and linoleic acid content decreased by 0.1–1.2% and 0.1–0.8%, respectively, while linolenic acid increased by 0.2–0.6%. The amount of glucosinolates changed insignificantly. There has been determined that during the flowering period under group net isolator conditions, compared to open pollination, the proportion of sprouts infected by Alternaria increased by 2.6 times (on average, 17.4% versus 6.8%), which decreased laboratory germination (80.3% versus 97.6%). It occurred because of the creation of a microclimate (poor ventilation and high humidity) inside the isolator during the period of flowering and initial seed formation. The use of net isolators reduces seed oil content and worsens seeding quality, necessitating optimization of plant density in the isolator and phytosanitary measures during winter rapeseed breeding and seed production.

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