Adaptability parameters of collection samples of sainfoin in the rostov region

Abstract

The potential productivity of agricultural crops and their resistance to adverse environmental factors is of increased attention due to changing climate conditions. Therefore, the study of the adaptive properties of crops, the ability to adapt to environmental conditions with producing good yields is a crucial area of the research. The purpose of the current study was to estimate some adaptability parameters of the sainfoin collection samples in the Rostov Region. The study was conducted in the laboratory for breeding and seed production of perennial grasses at the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”. The seeding rate was 10 g per plot. Sowing was done manually on the area of 1 m². The seeding was repeated four times. The highest dry matter yields, both on average and through the years, were given by the samples ‘Sin 1.15’, ‘Sin 132’, and ‘Sin 126’, with average 1.21–1.22 kg/m². In the experimental nursery, the samples ‘Sin 26’, ‘Sin 126’, ‘Sin 132’ and ‘Sin 141’ turned out to be the most responsive to environment changes, their bi value ranged from 3.15 to 4.79, the least responsive were the samples ‘Sin 31’, ‘Sin 124’ and ‘Sin 2.15’ with 0.21–0.53. The sample ‘Sin 124’ demonstrated the highest stress resistance (-0.10 kg/m²); the others were equal to or exceeded the standard. The genetic flexibility of the studied samples ranged from 0.88 to 1.23 kg/m². Though the standard was of 0.88 kg/m², all samples with 0.88–1.23 kg/m² were equal to or exceeded the standard. The samples ‘Sin 125’, ‘Sin 124’, ‘Sin 131’, ‘Sin 135’, and ‘Sin 1.15’ were characterized with high homeostaticity with indicators of 43.38–84.60. The highest seed productivity was established in the samples ‘Sin 127’ with 186.0 g/m2 and ‘Sin 142’ with 184.3 g/m2 . According to the trait “seed productivity” the regression coefficient of the standard and the samples ‘Sin 126’, ‘Sin 149’, and ‘Sin 9.15’ was low with 0.11–0.16. The highest bi values were determined in the samples ‘Sin 26’ (1.75), ‘Sin 31’ (1.96), and ‘Sin 40’ (1.78). The standard variety ‘Veles’ proved to be the most stress-resistant with -6.0 g/m2 . The highest genetic flexibility indices were demonstrated by the samples ‘Sin 127’ (187.0 g/m2 ), ‘Sin 142’ (180.5 g/m2 ), and ‘Sin 1.15’ (171.5 g/m2 ). The samples ‘Sin 126’, ‘Sin 127’, ‘Sin 141’, and ‘Sin 103.15’ with homeostasis of 147.16–276.06 are the most resistant to seasonal environment changes.