Search for pyrenophorosis resistance allele Tsc2 in winter common wheat samples

   Winter common wheat is one of the most important food crops in Russia and worldwide. It plays a vital role in ensuring food safety. This makes it important to develop varieties resistant to dangerous foliar diseases such as pyrenophorosis. One of the key genes providing resistance to this disease is the gene Tsc2. Previously, the collection and breeding samples of the department of winter wheat breeding and seed production of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” were not evaluated for pyrenophorosis resistance using molecular diagnostic methods.

   The purpose of the current work was to study collection and breeding material of winter common wheat to identify alleles of the pyrenophorosis resistance gene Tsc2.

   The analysis was conducted in the laboratory of cell breeding, dealing with marker-assisted breeding in 2023–2024.

   The objects of the study were 102 winter common wheat samples of varying ecological and geographical origins.

   To identify alleles of the pyrenophorosis resistance gene Tsc2, there has been used the molecular marker XBE444541. The samples were distributed according to allele size with 340 base pairs (bp) for the dominant, ToxB-sensitive type; 505 bp for the recessive, pathogen-resistant type. There has been established an extensive allelic diversity in several samples studied. There have been identified new alleles of 400, 450, and 490 base pairs in size. There has been identified a dominant allele of the gene Tsc2, associated with susceptibility to the ToxB toxin of the pyrenophorosis pathogen in 48 samples. Eleven samples have been found to carry the recessive allele tsc2, which is linked to disease resistance, but in a heterozygous allelic state (ASV 141, Vassa, SO 911, Grom, Liangxing 99, Fuimai 5, Voyazh, Univer, Fazenda, 591/20, and 1278/21). To improve winter common wheat resistance to pyrenophorosis, there has been recommended using samples carrying the allele tsc2in breeding programs.

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