THE RESULTS OF USE OF THE INITIAL MATERIAL DURING DURUM WINTER WHEAT BREEDING IN THE KUBAN CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article presents the first breeding result in the development of durum winter wheat varieties in the south of Russia. Evaluation of the gene pool of durum winter wheat in the world collection has been given. The problem of its disadvantage and its diversity of use in the breeding process has been considered. The methods of work with the initial material have been described. The gradual analysis of its use in the crossings of the initial material has been carried out. The essential part of some varietal samples for obtaining of the intermediate forms has been determined. It has been shown a significant role of the varieties of durum spring wheat ‘Oviachic 65’ from Mexico and a mutant form of soft winter wheat ‘Krasnodarsky karlik 1’ with efficient genes of height reduction ‘rht’ for plant height reduction and for further increase of productivity and of stability to lodging. We revealed the donors of short stem trait among the varieties of own breeding, which have been recommended as initial material during the selection on stability to lodging. The types of cross-breeding used in hybridization have been shown. The analysis of use of the initial material in Krasnodar RIA after P.P. Lukiyanenko has been presented. We gave the evaluation of its successful use in different stages of breeding work. Using the index ‘parental breeding value (PBV,%)’ we determined high variety forming ability of the varieties ‘Alena’, ‘Aly Parus’ and ‘Parus’. On the example of the development of durum winter wheat varieties we proved the effectiveness of the complex gradual hybridization. We showed the main role of domestic initial material in hybridization and initial material of other regions in development of intermediate forms as donors or sources of limiting traits.