Varietal response of oats of Tyumen breeding to increasing aluminum ion concentrations in the juvenile period

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the aluminum resistance of oat genotypes (Avena sativa L.) at early stages of ontogenesis. Oats is a valuable crop which is widely used for feed and food production. The objects of the tests were 6 oat varieties (‘Otrada’, ‘Foma’, ‘Talisman’, ‘Tobolyak’, ‘Sirius’, ‘Raduzhny’). Using the oat variety ‘Tobolyak’ (k-15887) as an example, there was conducted experiment 1 to examine the effect of the pH level of the solution on the growth activity of seven-day-old plants. Using sulfuric acid, the pH of distilled water was brought to 3.6 units. Distilled water with a pH of 6.0 units was used as a control. Water solutions of aluminum sulfate for experiment 2 were prepared in concentrations of 1.5; 3.0; 5.0 g/l, which corresponded to 4, 9, and 15 mmol/l. There has been established that regardless of the studied variant, the pH of the solution of 6.0 and 3.0 units had a slight effect on growth activity in the juvenile period, visually the plants looked healthy since there were no changes in color and shape of the root system, as these of the sprouts. There has been identified a varietal reaction of oats to the toxic effect of increasing aluminum ion concentrations. The most resistant to the effects of an aluminum ion concentration of 4 and 9 mmol/l in the solution was the variety ‘Tobolyak’, the root length index of seven-day plant sproutswas 57 and 20 % relative to the control. The strongest effect of inhibition of oat plant development was established in the variety ‘Otrada’ in the variant with an Al³⁺ concentration of 4 mmol/l, the root length index was 25% relative to the control. There has been determined a dependence expressed by the regression equation y = 0.7x² – 20.15x – 157.4 where y is the length of the roots on the seventh day of germination, mm; x is the concentration of Al³⁺ in the solution, mmol/l. In this case, the determination index (R²) is equal to 1, which corresponds to the ideal model of the regression line, proving the dependence of the root length of oat sprouts on the concentration of Al³⁺ in the solution.

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