The effect of seeding rates, beans' position on a plant and mowing time on sowing and productive qualities of seeds of the pea variety ‘Pamyati Popova’

When introducing new pea varieties into production, it is necessary to improve agrotechnical cultivation methods to fully realize their productivity potential. The purpose of the current work was to study the effect of seeding rates, beans' position on a plant and mowing time on sowing and productive qualities of seeds of the pea variety ‘Pamyati Popova’. The trials were conducted in the soil and climatic conditions of the Pre-Ural steppe zone of Bashkortostan in 2022–2024. Weather conditions were contrasting through the years, 2023 and 2024 were characterized as dry (HTC = 0.52 and HTC = 0.71, respectively), 2022 was favorable in terms of moisture supply and temperature conditions (HTC = 1.30). The estimation, records and measurements were carried out in accordance with the Мethodology of State Variety Testing of agricultural crops. As a result of studying the sowing and productive qualities of seeds of the pea variety ‘Pamyati Popova’, formed in beans of different tiers, there was found that 1000-seed weight and specific seed weight from beans of the middle and lower tiers were of larger values that those of seeds from beans of the upper tier (p≤0.05). The plants from the seeds of lower and middle tier beans, the total and seed productivity were 8.4–12.5 % and 8.2–14.4 % larger, respectively, than in plants grown from the seeds of upper tier beans. The greatest productivity increase (0.18 t/ha) was obtained with a seeding rate of 1.2 million germinating seeds per 1 ha. When studying the effect of mowing dates on the sowing and productive qualities of seeds, there was shown that the best grain yield in terms of size and uniformity could be obtained when harvesting peas in the ripening phase of 60–70 % beans of complete ripeness.

1. Vasil'chenko S. A., Metlina G. V., Ashiev A. R. Vliyanie srokov poseva i norm vyseva na polevuyu vskhozhest' i sokhrannost' k uborke rastenii zimuyushchego gorokha v yuzhnoi zone Rostovskoi oblasti [The effect of sowing dates and seeding rates on field germination and survival for harvesting of winter pea plants in the southern part of the Rostov region] // Zernovoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2023. T. 15, № 2. S. 114–120. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2023-85-2-114-120

2. Vasil'chenko S. A., Metlina G. V., Ashiev A. R. Vliyanie srokov poseva i norm vyseva na urozhainost' zimuyushchego gorokha v yuzhnoi zone Rostovskoi oblasti [The effect of sowing dates and seeding rates on winter pea productivity in the southern part of the Rostov region] // Zernovoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2023. T. 15, № 5. S. 85–92. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2023-88-5-85-92

3. Vakhitova R. K., Davletov F. A., Akhmadullina I. I. Izuchenie posevnykh kachestv semyan gorokha iz raznykh yarusov rastenii v usloviyakh Predural'skoi stepi Bashkortostana [Study of sowing qualities of pea seeds from different plant tiers in the conditions of the Pre-Ural steppe of Bashkortostan] // Vestnik Bashkirskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2017. № 4(44). S. 11–15.

4. Gainullina K. P., Kuluev B. R., Davletov F. A. Otsenka geneticheskogo raznoobraziya sortov i linii gorokha s pomoshch'yu SSR-analiza [Estimation of genetic diversity of pea varieties and lines using SSR-analysis] // Trudy po prikladnoi botanike, genetike i selektsii. 2020. T. 181, № 3. S. 70–80. DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2020-3-70-80

5. Davletov F. A., Gainullina K. P., Magafurova F. F. Sravnitel'noe izuchenie khozyaistvenno-biologicheskikh priznakov u sortov gorokha, sozdannykh v Respublike Bashkortostan za poslednie 30 let [Comparative study of economic and biological traits in pea varieties developed in the Republic of Bashkortostan over the past 30 years] // Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2020. № 4(84). S. 72–77. DOI: 10.37670/2073-0853-2020-84-4-72-77

6. Dospekhov B. A. Metodika polevogo opyta (s osnovami statisticheskoi obrabotki rezul'tatov issledovanii) [Methodology of a field trial (with the basics of statistical processing of the study results)]. 6-e izd., pererab. i dop., stereotip. M.: Al'yans, 2014. 352 s.

7. Nurlygayanov R. B., Islamgulov D. R., Giniyatova F. F., Zainagabdinov A. F. Zernobobovye kul'tury v Respublike Bashkortostan [Legumes in the Republic of Bashkortostan] // Agrarnaya nauka. 2021. № 10. S. 64–69. DOI: 10.32634/0869-8155-2021-353-10-64-69

8. Ostapenko N. V., Chinchenko N. N., Dzhamirze R. R. Raznokachestvennost' semyan i pervichnoe semenovodstvo [Variability of seed quality and primary seed production] // Risovodstvo. 2022. № 3(56). S. 48–50. DOI: 10.33775/1684-2464-2022-56-3-48-55

9. Rudoi E. V., Ryumkin S. V., Petukhova M. S., Andronov A. Yu., Bykova S. L., Potseluev O. M., Kapustyanchik S. Yu. Metodicheskie podkhody k prognozirovaniyu nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya otrasli rastenievodstva [Methodological approaches to forecasting scientific and technological development of the plant growing industry] // Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. T. 31, № 10. S. 8–17.

10. Filatova I. A. Produktivnost' gorokha i elementy struktury urozhaya v zavisimosti ot norm vyseva [Pea productivity and yield structure elements depending on seeding rates] // Zemledelie. 2019. № 2. S. 36–38. DOI: 10.24411/0044-3913-2019-10210