Estimation of cold resistance of spring barley samples at an early stage of plant development

Climate changes are increasing the overall impact of abiotic stress conditions on plants (drought, salinity, low and high temperatures), which limit the growth and productivity of agricultural crops worldwide. Global climate changes increase the risk of cold damage to spring barley. For spring grain crops, seedling emergence is one of the critical periods of vegetation. The current paper has presented the study on evaluating seedling of spring barley samples at low positive temperatures in 2023–2024. Laboratory estimation of cold resistance was carried out on 47 spring barley samples from the Competitive Variety Testing developed in the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” by the method proposed by P.A. Vlasyuk et al. The purpose of the current work was to test the method determining the resistance of spring barley samples to low positive temperatures and to select cold-resistant samples. The cold resistance of barley samples was estimated by the ability of seeds to germinate depending on the impact of temperature stress (+10, +8, +6, +4 and +2 °C). Based on statistical analysis, the best differentiation of resistance values was identified at a temperature of 4 °C. All the studied samples were classified as highly and moderately cold-resistant. During the subsequent evaluation of the 2024 harvest samples, there have been identified such highly resistant to low-temperature spring barley samples as ‘Zernogradsky 1895’ (98.9 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1875’ (96.7 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1905’ (94.7 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1867’ (93.5 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1898’ (92.7 %), ‘Zernogradsky 1763’, ‘Zernogradsky 1892’ and ‘Zernogradsky 1908’ (92.6 % each).

1. Zubairova U. S., Doroshkov A. V. Pattern epidermisa lista pshenitsy kak model' dlya izucheniya vliyaniya stressovykh uslovii na morfogenez [Wheat leaf epidermis pattern as a model for studying the effect of stress conditions on morphogenesis] // Vavilovskii zhurnal genetiki i selektsii. 2018. № 22(7). S. 837–844. DOI: 10.18699/VJ18.32-o

2. Karmanenko N. M. Sortovaya reaktsiya zernovykh kul'tur na nizkie temperatury, usloviya zakisleniya i iony alyuminiya [Varietal response of grain crops to low temperatures, acidification and aluminum ions] // Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya biologiya. 2014. T. 49, № 5. S. 66–77.

3. Kolupaev Yu. E., Gorelova E. I., Yastreb T. O., Ryabchun N. I., Kirichenko V. V. Stress-protektornye reaktsii prorostkov pshenitsy i rzhi pri indutsirovanii ustoichivosti k nizkim temperaturam donorom serovodoroda [Stress-protective responses of wheat and rye seedlings when inducing resistance to low temperatures with a hydrogen sulfide donor] // Fiziologiya rastenii. 2019. T. 66, № 4. S. 277–285.

4. Filippov E. G., Dontsova A. A., Dontsov D. P., Doroshenko E. S., Zasypkina I. M., Bragin R. N. Otsenka iskhodnogo materiala yarovogo yachmenya v usloviyakh Rostovskoi oblasti [Estimation of the initial material of spring barley in the Rostov region] // Zernovoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2022. № 1. S. 3–10. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2022-79-1-3-10

5. Yusova O. A., Nikolaev P. N., Bendina Ya. B., Safonova I. V., Anis'kov N. I. Stressoustoichivost' sortov yachmenya razlichnogo agroekologicheskogo proiskhozhdeniya dlya uslovii rezkokontinental'nogo klimata [Stress resistance of barley varieties of different agroecological origin for a sharply continental climate] // Trudy po prikladnoi botanike, genetike i selektsii. 2020. T. 181, № 4. S. 44–45.

6. Ma S., Huang X., Zhao X., Liu L., Zhang L., Gan B. Current status for utilization of cold resistance genes and strategies in wheat breeding program // Frontiers in Genetics. 2024. Vol. 15, Article number: 1473717. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1473717

7. Muñoz-Amatriaín M., Hernandez J., Herb D., Baenziger P. S., Bochard A. M., Capettini F., ... & Hayes P. Perspectives on low temperature tolerance and vernalization sensitivity in barley: prospects for facultative growth habit // Frontiers in Plant Science. 2020. Vol. 11, Article number: 585927.