Application of molecular genetic methods in rice breeding for cold resistance
https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2025-96-1-54-60
Abstract
Low positive temperatures have a negative impact on all processes occurring at all stages of rice development. This is especially true during the period of seed germination and sprouting, resulting in reduced seed energy and growth strength. The development of genotypes by introducing genes that provide the ability to overcome this effect is a crucial task for breeders. The application of specific marker systems, which allow differentiating breeding samples for the presence/absence of target genes, is currently of great relevance. In this regard, the main purpose of the current study was to select an effective marker system and develop an optimal protocol (parameters) for PCR analysis, which would allow accurately detecting not only the presence of target genes in the analyzed breeding samples, but also their allelic state. In order to identify quantitative loci (QTLs) there were tested three marker systems, among which the only marker system ‘RM 1377’ showed high efficiency in identifying polymorphism between donors. Using it, a segregating F2 population was diagnosed by PCR analysis and a phenotype estimation was carried out in laboratory. Statistical analysis allowed establishing that this marker was co-inherited. On its basis, there was screened experimental pre-breeding material of rice from the laboratory of physiology of the FRC of Rice. There have been identified samples with donor alleles of target genes, which will be further introduced into the breeding process to study them according to a set of morphometric characteristics and economically valuable traits. The introduction and application of these SSR markers in the breeding process will improve the development of basic rice genotypes with better cold resistance during the period of seed germination and sprouting. Sowing of such seeds can be carried out at an earlier time. This will make it possible to obtain sprouts with optimal density and will significantly improve their potential productivity.
About the Authors
E. V. DubinaRussian Federation
Doctor of Biological Sciences, professor of RAS, professor of the department of genetics, breeding and seed production
350921, Krasnodar Krai, Krasnodar, v. of Belozerny, 3
350044, Krasnodar, Kalinin Str., 13
Z. K. Kizi Olimova
Russian Federation
350044, Krasnodar, Kalinin Str., 13
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Review
For citations:
Dubina E.V., Olimova Z.K. Application of molecular genetic methods in rice breeding for cold resistance. Grain Economy of Russia. 2025;17(1):54-60. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2025-96-1-54-60