Production and estimation of doubled haploids in the spring common wheat lines with translocation from Aegilops speltoides Tausch

The development of doubled haploids (DH) along with marker-assisted breeding is becoming an integral part of the modern breeding process. In the current study, the F₅ common wheat lines ‘983’, ‘986’ and ‘987’, which were previously selected from the hybridization of the late-maturing line ‘Velyut’ (with translocations 5BS.5BL-5SL from Ae. speltoides and T1RS.1BL from rye) with the early-maturing variety ‘Tulun 15’, were used as donors to obtain DH. The purpose of the current work was to obtain doubled haploids in anther culture in vitro based on hybrid lines of common wheat with translocation from Ae. speltoides L. and to estimate them for brown rust resistance and economically valuable traits. DH was obtained in anther culture in vitro, and there was no effect of translocation from Ae. speltoides on androgenesis indices in vitro in the trial. There has been established a significant excess of all studied parameters in the line ‘986’, which might be caused by the presence of a rye translocation in a heterozygous state. There were obtained 17 DH lines in the trial. According to the results of molecular DNA analysis with the primers Gill-B1 and Chi_5F/5R, there have been identified 6 DH lines with the translocation 5BS.5BL-5SL and one line with T1RS.1BL. During the study of the reaction of DH lines to the brown rust pathogen at different stages of plant development, there has been found out that the gene LrAsp 5 transferred to the common wheat genome with the translocation 5BS.5BL-5SL is the age-related resistance gene to Puccinia triticina. There has been determined that DH lines with the gene LrAsp 5 at the juvenile stage had a 2-point brown rust damage, while on adult plants there was a resistant reaction type (0–1 point). There have been selected five DH lines for introduction into the further breeding process, the current paper has presented the data on their field estimation of yield structure elements in 2020–2021. There has been found that the values of the studied lines for these traits were within the values of the parents. There have been identified DH 16-1 (34.6 g) and DH 9-2 (34.9 g) with the best value of 1000-grain weight in comparison with the variety ‘Tulun 15’, and DH 7-2 (2.2 g) with the best value of grain weight per plant.

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