Characteristics of hybrid populations of Linum usitatissimum L. according to adaptability in the Northern Trans-Urals

An important issue in the development of new fiber flax varieties is the availability of valuable, diverse initial material. The current paper has presented the study results of hybrid populations of fiber flax (F₃–F₅), such as ♀Yarok х ♂Grant (Gen1), ♀ Yarok х ♂Alizee (Gen 2), ♀ Yarok х ♂Betertelsdorf 6884/60 (Gen 3), ♀Alizee х ♂Grant (Gen 4), ♀Alizee х ♂ Yarok (Gen 5),♀Alizee х ♂Betertelsdorf 6884/60 (Gen 6), ♀Grant х ♂Yarok (Gen 7), ♀ Grant х ♂Alizee (Gen 8), ♀ Grant х ♂Betertelsdorf 6884/60 (Gen 9), ♀ Betertelsdorf 6884/60 х ♂ Yarok (Gen 10), ♀Betertelsdorf 6884/60 х ♂ Yarok (Gen 11), ♀ Betertelsdorf 6884/60 х ♂ Yarok (Gen 12), resulted in the intervarietal hybridization according to adaptability parameters in a field trial (Nizhnetavdinsky district, Tyumen region). The purpose of the current study was to identify the adaptability of hybrid fiber flax populations according to the main economically significant traits and properties, and to select the best of them for further breeding work in the Tyumen region. There has been determined significance (p < 0.05*; p < 0.01**) of genotype  (16.1–40.0 %), environment (16.9–41.6 %), and correlation between genotype and environment (26.4–48.5 %) in the implementation of phenotypic variability of the studied morpho-biological parameters. From 25.0 to 66.6 % of flax genotypes were classified as responsive (b_i < 1, S²d_i = 0), and the populations Gen1, Gen2, Gen3, Gen4, Gen5, Gen6 had the maximum values of the effect of the environmental factor. Stability of traits (b_i = 1,0, S²d_i = 0) was identified in 8.3–16.6 % of the total number of studied populations, which included Gen1, Gen2, Gen5. Among the weakly responsive populations (b_i = 1,0, S²d_i = 0), being 25.0–58.3 % of those presented, Gen3, Gen5, Gen 6, Gen 7, Gen 9, Gen 11 were of the most value. According to the genotype selection index (GSI), there have been established the groups of both stable (41.6 %) and unstable (58.4 %) populations, among which Gen 1, Gen 5, Gen 9 were the best ones. Gen 1, Gen 2, Gen 5, Gen 6 can be recommended for further breeding as promising populations with highly manifested indicators and the best ecological characteristics.

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