The effect of agrotechnical methods on productivity of new winter wheat varieties on ordinary blackearth
https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-94-5-88-94
Abstract
The current study was conducted in the pre-Azov agricultural area of the Rostov region in the stationary trial of the FSBSI FRARC in 2020–2023. The purpose of the study was to establish the effect of elements of cultivation technology methods, such as methods of basic tillage, seed sowing rates and a level of mineral nutrition on productivity of new winter wheat varieties in the conditions of ordinary blackearth in the Rostov region. The objects of the study were two new winter wheat varieties ‘Bylina Dona’ and ‘Akapella’ developed in the FSBSI FRARC. The scheme of the trial included three factors for each variety. The experiment was repeated three times. When conducting the study, there was used the generally accepted methodology of a field trial. The effect of different rates of mineral fertilizers and seed sowing with different methods of basic tillage affected the grain productivity of new winter wheat varieties. As a result of three-year study, there has been found a positive effect of moldboard plowing and a seeding rate of 5 million pcs./ha against the background of N120Р80К80 kg/ha of active substance for both varieties, which provided the best productivity of 6.66–7.02 t/ha. There has been established a tendency for changes in productivity of new winter wheat varieties under the effect of the studied elements of agricultural technology, for which there have been identified individual factors and calculated the mean productivity independently of the other two factors, taking into account the experimental options for each of them. The largest mean grain productivity of the winter wheat varieties ‘Bylina Dona’ and ‘Akapella’ with 5.77 and 6.05 t/ha, respectively, was provided by the highest level of mineral nutrition, with a norm of N120Р80К80 kg/ha of active substance, which made it possible to improve productivity by 48.3–49.4 % compared to the control without fertilizers. There has been determined an optimal background of mineral nutrition N80Р60К60 kg/ha of active substance, which ensured the maximum feedback of grain due to fertilizers. The variety ‘Akapella’ in all experimental variants produced grain on 4.5–5.1 % higher than that of the variety ‘Bylina Dona’.
About the Authors
M. V. Kantsurov
FSBSI “Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
post-graduate of the laboratory for plant biology, agrochemistry and varietal agricultural technology
346735, Rostov region, Aksay district, v. of Rassvet, Institutskaya Str., 1; e-mail: dzni@mail.ru
I. N. Ilinskaya
FSBSI “Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, main researcher of the laboratory for adaptive landscape farming, and protection of soil from erosion
346735, Rostov region, Aksay district, v. of Rassvet, Institutskaya Str., 1; e-mail: dzni@mail.ru
M. I. Rychkova
FSBSI “Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, senior researcher of the laboratory for plant biology, agrochemistry and varietal agricultural technology
346735, Rostov region, Aksay district, v. of Rassvet, Institutskaya Str., 1; e-mail: dzni@mail.ru
References
1. Agroklimaticheskie resursy Rostovskoi oblasti [Agroclimatic resources of the Rostov region]. L.: Gidrometizdat, 1972. 250 s.
2. Bakhvalova S.A., Dem'yanova-Roi G.B., Fedorova A.V. Urozhainost' i kachestvo zerna sortov ozimoi pshenitsy v zavisimosti ot drobnogo vneseniya azotnykh podkormok i norm vyseva [Productivity and grain quality of winter wheat varieties depending on fractional application of nitrogen fertilizers and seeding rates] // Zernovoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2023. T. 15, № 5. S. 78–84. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2023-88-5-78-84
3. Biryukov K.N., Grabovets A. I, Fomenko M.A., Biryukova O.V., Lyashkov I.V. Adaptivnyi potentsial sortov ozimoi pshenitsy v kontrastnykh usloviyakh mineral'nogo pitaniya na Srednem Donu [Adaptive potential of winter wheat varieties under contrasting conditions of mineral nutrition in the Middle Don] // Zernovoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2023. T. 15, № 2. S. 72–78. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2023-85-2-72-78
4. Voshedskii N.N., Kulygin V.A.., Tseluiko O.A. Vliyanie elementov tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya na urozhainost' novykh sortov ozimoi pshenitsy v Rostovskoi oblasti [The effect of elements of cultivation technology on productivity of new winter wheat varieties in the Rostov region] // Izvestiya NV AUK. 2022. № 3(67). S. 125–134. DOI: 10.32786/2071-9485-2022-03-15
5. Goryanin O.I., Madyakin E.V., Dzhangabaev B. Zh., Yakovleva N.A. Sovershenstvovanie tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya ozimoi pshenitsy v zasushlivykh usloviyakh Povolzh'ya [Improving the technologies of winter wheat cultivation in the arid conditions of the Volga region] // Zernovoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2021. № 1(1). S. 52–56. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2021-73-1-52-56
6. Gureev I.I., Gostev A.V., Nitchenko L.B., Luk'yanov V. A., Khlyupina S.V., Prushchik I.A. Urozhainost' i kachestvo zerna ozimoi pshenitsy pri minimizatsii priemov agrotekhniki v usloviyakh TsChR [Productivity and grain quality of winter wheat while minimizing agrotechnical methods in the conditions of the Central Blackearth Region] // Zernovoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2023. T. 15, № 4. S. 91–101. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2023-87-4-91-1016
7. Dospekhov, B.A. Metodika polevogo opyta (s osnovami statisticheskoi obrabotki rezul'tatov issledovanii) [Methodology of a field trial (with the basics of statistical processing of the study results)]. 5 izdanie, pererab. i dopol. M.: Al'yans, 2014. 351 s.
8. Zonal'nye sistemy zemledeliya Rostovskoi oblasti na 2022–2026 gg. [Zonal farming systems of the Rostov region for 2022–2026] / A.I. Klimenko, A.V. Grin'ko, A.I. Grabovets i dr. Rostov n/D.: FGBNU FRANTs, 2021. 738 s.
9. Klimenko A.I., Grabovets A.I., Grin'ko A.V., Fomenko M.A, Krokhmal' A.V., Kadushkina V.P., Korobova N.A., Biryukov K.N. Sorta polevykh kul'tur: katalog [Varieties of field crops]. FGBNU FRANTs. Rostov n/D.: OOO «Izdatel'stvo «Yug», 2020.168 s.
10. Kovtun, V.I. Urozhainost' i elementy struktury u novykh sortoobraztsov ozimoi pshenitsy [Productivity and yield structure elements of new winter wheat varieties] // Zemledelie. 2014. № 5. S. 43–44.
11. Ovsyannikova G.V., Popov A.S., Sukharev A.A. Vozmozhnost' planirovaniya urozhainosti zerna ozimoi pshenitsy v yuzhnoi zone Rostovskoi oblasti [Possibility of planning winter wheat grain productivity in the southern part of the Rostov region] // Zernovoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2022. № 4. S. 78–83. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2022-82-4-78-83
12. Radchenko L.A., Radchenko A.F. Ispol'zovanie sortovykh resursov ozimoi pshenitsy v sel'skokhozyaistvennom proizvodstve Kryma [Use of varietal resources of winter wheat in agricultural production in the Crimea] // Agrarnyi vestnik Urala. 2012. № 10–2. S. 6–8.
13. Solodovnikov A.P., Levkina A. Yu. Vliyanie sposobov obrabotki pochvy i agrokhimikatov na urozhainost' i kachestvo zerna ozimoi pshenitsy v Saratovskom Zavolzh'e [The effect of tillage methods and agrochemicals on productivity and grain quality of winter wheat in the Saratov Trans-Volga region] // Agrarnyi nauchnyi zhurnal. 2020. № 3. S. 29–35. DOI: 10.28983/asj.y2020i3pp29-35
14. Bakaeva N.P., Saltykova O.L., Korzhavina N. Yu., Prikazchikov M.S. Intensive agricultural technologies of winter wheat cultivation in the Middle Volga region // Bio web of conferences: International Scientific-Practical Conference “Agriculture and Food Security: Technology, Innovation, Markets, Human Resources” (FIES 2019), Kazan, November 13–14, 2019. EDP Sciences. 2020. Vol. 17, P. 00054.
15. Litvinova O., Dehodiuk S., Litvinov D., Havryliuk O., Kyrychenko A., Borys N., Dmytrenko O. Efficiency of technology elements for growing winter wheat on typical chernozem // Agronomy Research. 2023. Vol. 21(3), P. 1199–1212, DOI: 10.15159/ar.23.079
16. Zelenev A.V., Chamurliev O.G., Krivtsov I.V., Kholod A.A., Sidorov A.N., Vorontsova E.S. Promising agricultural technologies for growing winter wheat for sustainable agricultural development // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2022. Vol. 965, № 1. P. 012003. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/965/1/012003
17. Jaskulska I., Jaskulski D., Różniak M., Radziemska M., Gałęzewski L. Zonal tillage as innovative element of the technology of growing winter wheat: A field experiment under low rainfall conditions // Agriculture. 2020. Vol. 10(4), P. 105. DOI: 10.3390/agriculture10040105
Review
For citations:
Kantsurov M.V., Ilinskaya I.N., Rychkova M.I. The effect of agrotechnical methods on productivity of new winter wheat varieties on ordinary blackearth. Grain Economy of Russia. 2024;16(5):88-94. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-94-5-88-94
Views:
122
Email this article 