Productivity, seed quality and protein yield of pea samples developed by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”

The purpose of the current study was to determine the quantitative and qualitative indicators of seeds of pea samples. The study was carried out in the southern part of the Rostov region in the fields of the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2021–2023. The objects of research were 12 pea samples developed by the ARC “Donskoy”. The zoned variety ‘Aksaisky Usatiy 5’ was used as a standard. Quality characteristics of peas, such as protein percentage in seeds and their ability to boil soft, are highly dependent on environmental conditions and often have a negative correlation with seed productivity. One of the goals in pea breeding is to change this inverse correlation between productivity and seed quality. The mean productivity of the varieties and lines in the Competitive Variety Testing through the years of study was 3.66 t/ha on average. The standard ‘Aksai Usatiy 5’ (3.46 t/ha) was reliably exceeded by such varieties and lines as ‘G-1181’ (4.17 t/ha), ‘Kazak’ (4.02 t/ha), ‘AKM’ (3.99 t/ha), ‘G-1313’ (3.80 t/ha). The samples with the highest protein percentage (second quality class, 22.0–25.0 %) were ‘Aksaysky Usatiy 5’ (23.7 %), ‘Skif’ (24.4 %), ‘Kazak’ (23.1 %), ‘AKM’ (23.6 %), ‘G-1141’ (24.3 %), ‘G-1172’ (25.0 %), ‘G-1181’ (22.3 %). The mean boiling time was 75 minutes. The minimum boiling time was 63 minutes for the varieties ‘Aksaisky Usatiy 5’, ‘Skif’, 65 minutes for the line ‘G-1234’ and 70 minutes for the line ‘G-1288’. The mean coefficient of the ability to boil soft over the years of study was 2.20, varying from 1.92 to 2.61. The mean protein yield over the years of study was 0.85 t/ha. The varieties ‘Kazak’ (0.94 t/ha), ‘AKM’ (0.93 t/ha) and breeding lines ‘G-1181’ (0.93 t/ha), ‘G-1313’ (0.90 t/ha) showed the best indicators. The maximum values of protein yield were identified at maximum productivity of 4.2–4.3 t/ha and 23.5–24.0% of protein in seeds.

1. Ageeva P.A., Pochutina N.A., Gromova O.M., Zaitseva N.M. Lyupin uzkolistnyi – rezul'taty izucheniya sortov i sortoobraztsov po adaptivnosti i kompleksu khozyaistvenno-biologicheskikh priznakov [Angustifolia lupine and study results of the varieties and variety samples according to adaptability and a complex of economic and biological traits] // Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka. 2022. T. 23, № 2. S. 211–220. DOI: 10.30766/2072-9081.2022.23.2.211-220

2. Dospekhov, B.A. Metodika polevogo opyta [Methodology of a field trial]. 5-e izd., dop. i pererab. M.: Al'yans. 2014. 352 s.

3. Katyuk, A.I. Formirovanie belka i pishchevye dostoinstva perspektivnykh linii gorokha v lesostepi Srednego Povolzh'ya [Protein formation and nutritional merits of promising pea lines in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region] // Agrarnyi vestnik Urala. 2021. № 12 (215). S. 41–49. DOI: 10.32417/1997-4868-2021-215-12-41-49

4. Kozhukhova, E.V. Adaptivnye pokazateli elementov produktivnosti obraztsov gorokha s raznoi dlinoi steblya [Adaptive indicators of productivity elements of pea samples with different stem lengths] // Vestnik KrasGAU. 2023. № 7. S. 103–110. DOI: 10.36718/1819-4036-2023-7-103-110

5. Kozlov A.V., Kulikova A. Kh., Uromova I.P. Podvizhnost' silikatov, pokazateli plodorodiya dernovopodzolistoi pochvy, bioakkumulyatsiya kremniya i produktivnost' sel'skokhozyaistvennykh kul'tur pod deistviem tseolita [Mobility of silicates, indicators of fertility of soddy-podzolic soil, bioaccumulation of silicon and productivity of agricultural crops under the influence of zeolite] // Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya biologiya. 2021. T. 56, № 1. S. 183–198. DOI: 10.15389/argobiology.2021.1.183rus

6. Likhacheva L.I., Gimaletdinova V.S. Perspektivnye sorta gorokha selektsii Krasnoufimskogo selektsionnogo tsentra [Promising pea varieties developed at the Krasnoufimsky Breeding Center] // Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. T. 33, № 6. S. 30–32. DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10607

7. Minnebaev L.F., Kuzina E.V., Rafikova G.F., Chanyshev I.O., Loginov O.N. Produktivnost' bobovo-rizobial'nogo kompleksa pod vliyaniem roststimuliruyushchikh shtammov mikroorganizmov [Productivity of the legume-rhizobium complex under the effect of growth-stimulating strains of microorganisms] // Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya biologiya. 2019. T. 54, № 3. S. 481–493. DOI: 10.15389/argobiology.2019.3.481rus

8. Pakhotina I.V., Omel'yanyuk L.V., Ignat'eva E.Yu., Asanov A.M. Osobennosti formirovaniya soderzhaniya belka v zerne gorokha v usloviyakh Zapadnoi Sibiri [Features of protein formation in pea grains in Western Siberia] // Vestnik KrasGAU. 2020. № 10. S. 60–67.

9. Putina O.V., Bobkov S.V., Vishnyakova M.A. Uglevodnyi sostav semyan i ego svyaz' s drugimi selektsionno znachimymi priznakami u ovoshchnogo gorokha (Pisum sativum L.) v usloviyakh Krasnodarskogo kraya [Carbohydrate composition of seeds and its correlation with other breeding significant traits of vegetable peas (Pisum sativum L.) in the conditions of the Krasnodar Krai] // Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya biologiya. 2018. T. 53, № 1. S. 179–188.

10. Georgieva N., Kosev V. Optimal'nye parametry model'nykh sortov kormovykh bobov (Vicia faba L.) dlya tsentral'noi chasti Dunaiskoi ravniny, Bolgariya [Optimal parameters of model broad bean cultivar (Vicia faba L.) for the central part of the Danube Plain, Bulgaria]// Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya biologiya. 2020. T. 55, № 3. S. 544–551. DOI: 10.15389/argobiology.2020.3.544rus

11. Robinson G.H. J., Domoney C. Perspectives on the genetic improvement of health- and nutrition-related traits in pea. // Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2021. Vol. 158. Р. 353–362. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.020