Parameters of maize hybrids developed for the conditions of insufficient and unstable humidit

Abstract

Determination of the model of a variety or a hybrid of crops for specific soil and climatic conditions allows conducting breeding work purposefully and effectively. In All-Russian Research Institute of Grain Crops after I.G. Kalinenko 62 interline middle early and middle maturing hybrids of maize have been studied according to a complex of traits. The research has been carried out to determine optimal value of the main traits of maize hybrid productivity, grown for the regions with unstable and insufficient moisture. There has been established positive correlation between productivity of maize hybrids and such traits of productivity as number of cobs per plant (r= 0.71), mass of a cob (r= 0.68), number of kernels per cob (r=0.44), number of kernels per a row in a cob (r=0.60), kernel yield after threshing (r=0.66). There was no correlation between kernel productivity and traits ‘1000-seed weight’, ‘number of kernel rows per cob’. It has been established that maize hybrids, selected for the conditions of unstable and insufficient moisture should be characterized with lack of fruitless plants, optimal value of ‘one cob mass’ (130-140g), large number of kernels per cob (550-620 pc.), large number of kernels per row (38-42 pc.), large yield of kernels during threshing (80% and more), various number of rows per cob (12-18 pc.), average and large values of ‘1000-seed weight’ (230-330 g).