INTROGRESSION OF STABILITY TO POWDERY MILDEW (BLUMERIA GRAMINIS DC.F.TRITICI) FROM TRITICUM TIMOFEEVII ZHUK. AND TRITICUM DICOCCUM SHUEBL. IN GENOME TRITICUM DURUM DESF.

The article gives the data about expediency of increasing of genetic diversity of commercial varieties of durum winter wheat in Middle Povolzhie and in the Urals  on powdery mildew tolerance because of interspecific hybridization. The results of introgression of stability to powdery mildew from Triticum Timofeevii Zhuk. and Triticum dicoccum Shuebl. in genome Triticum durum Desf. and breeding of adapted donors with new for durum wheat genes of tolerance are considered in the paper. The transfer of genes from Triticum timopheevii Zhuk.  is carried out through introgressive lines of soft wheat ‘IT-3’ and ‘1678B-21’. The sample of the variety ‘K-46995’ taken from the collection of ARIR was used to transfer stability to Triticum dicoccum Shuebl.. Such constant Triticum durum Desf. lines as ‘Leukurum 1751’, ‘Leukurum 1753 and ‘495d-22’ with introgressive stability to Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. and ‘Gordeiforme 1737’, ‘Gordeiforme 1738’ and ‘Gordeiforme 1739’ with stability to Triticum dicoccum Shuebl. According to the data of hybridological analysis the stability of these lines is controlled by 1-3 genes with effects of dominating tolerance, its suppression and in inhibition. Introgression of stability to Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. has been confirmed at the molecular level while using 90 microsatellite markers with identification of a single translocation in 6B chromosome and its localization in a range of microsatellite markers Xgwn 518 and Xgwn 1076. Tolerance to powdery mildew, caused by the translocation from T. timopheevii Zhuk. remains efficient for a long time; it’s transferred to the seeds together with a complex of adaptability and quality of product. Durum wheat donors, which inherited tolerance to T.dicoccum Shuebl., show stability of the trait, hybridize well with the genes of tolerance to powdery mildew from durum wheat and other varieties, possess good ability to cultivate varieties with good adaptability and productivity.

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