PROPERTIES OF INHERITANCE OF PRODUCTIVITY TRAITS AND GRAIN QUALITY FEATURES OF WINTER TRITICALE

Abstract

Breeding of new more economically valuable varieties is one of the most important and primary tasks in crop breeding.bIt’s necessary to assess genetic structure of the studied trait, e.i to understand the way of allele distribution among the varieties, what genetic effects prevail in trait inheritance, etc. You can obtain such information, using the scheme of diallel crossing. The article gives the results of diallel analysis of 5 varieties and 10 lines of winter triticale using Heyman method. There were studied such essential features of grain quality and productivity as mass of 1000 seeds, grain mass per ear, protein content in grain and bakery properties. The basic characteristics of inheritance of these traits were found.  It was estimated that all studied features were inherited due to adaptive dominant model. High figures of the traits ‘mass of 1000 seeds’ and ‘grain mass per ear’ were determined by dominant genes, while ‘protein content’ and ‘bakery properties’ by recessive ones. According to their concentration there were extracted the varieties for combinations in crossings. There is one in ‘mass of 1000 seeds’, there are three in ‘grain mass per ear’ and there is one in ‘protein content’. We didn’t manage to find a variety with a high concentration of recessive allele in genotype during the years of study.