Spring wheat grain formation and filling and its productivity under various weather conditions
https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2021-73-1-57-62
Abstract
In the conditions of the Sverdlovsk region, spring wheat is the main grain crop, which occupies 40% in the grain wedge structure. The purpose of our study is to identify the effect of the weather factors and nutritional backgrounds on wheat productivity in field crop rotations. The study was carried out on dark gray forestry soil in the stationary trial of the Ural Federal Agricultural Research Center of the Ural Department of RAS. The object of study was the spring wheat variety ‘Krasnoufimskaya 100’, sown after various forecrops. The current paper has presented the results of the analysis of data on precipitation, average daily air temperature, STC according to some months, as well as the spring wheat productivity, depending on the moisture conditions and the background of nutrition. There has been identified that in the moisture years the growing season of spring wheat lasted 90 days, in the arid years it reduced on 10 days, and with moisture excess it was 102 days. All differences in the growing season length are mainly due to the length of the interphase period ‘heading – full ripeness’, which varied from 40 to 60 days depending on the year moisture conditions. When using mineral and organic fertilizers, the largest wheat grain yield (3.80–4.25 t/ha) was obtained with 1.62 units of STC in May-August. With insufficient moisture on an unfertilized nutritional background, the spring wheat productivity was not more than 1.4–1.6 t/ha, and under favorable hydrothermal conditions, it increased in 1.8–2.1 times compared to the arid conditions. The maximum intensity of grain formation in the interphase period ‘heading – full ripeness’ was identified under moderately moisture conditions.
About the Authors
N. N. Zezin
Ural Federal Agricultural Research Center of the Ural Department of RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the department of agriculture and feed production
620142, Ekateringburg, Belinsky Str., 112-а, c/b 269
P. A. Postnikov
Ural Federal Agricultural Research Center of the Ural Department of RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the department of agriculture and feed production
620142, Ekateringburg, Belinsky Str., 112-а, c/b 269
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Review
For citations:
Zezin N.N., Postnikov P.A. Spring wheat grain formation and filling and its productivity under various weather conditions. Grain Economy of Russia. 2021;1(1):57-62. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2021-73-1-57-62
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