Acceleration of breeding process of winter wheat while using the regulated conditions

Abstract

The article gives the results of growing the generations of two hybrids F₁ and F₂ under the scheme combining the regulated and natural conditions, which are characteristic to the center of Non-Black Earth area. The scheme has got two stages. The first stage is to obtain the generation of F₁. The seeds of hybrids are sown on F₁ in the container in the terms of winter wheat sowing. Until the end of vernalization they are in natural conditions, and then they are placed for ripening in the greenhouse. The combinations are valued according to a phenotype and selective traits; a sorting out takes place. The second stage is to sow seeds on F₂ in a heated soil greenhouse, after vernalization the heating is turned off and a further growing continues in natural conditions. The seeds selected from F₂ lines for F₃ are sent to the breeding plots of 1.5 m² or they are sown in the autumn of the year. Some samples, which originated from F₁ and F₂ and were grown in the containers and in the heated greenhouses in 2012, were approved for the competitive Variety Testing in 2015.