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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhros</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Зерновое хозяйство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grain Economy of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-8725</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-8733</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Аграрный научный центр "Донской»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31367/2079-8725-2020-67-1-64-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhros-870</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методы культуры ткани in vitro для создания исходного материала для селекции тритикале в Поволжье</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>In vitro fabric culture methods to develop the initial material for triticale breeding in the Volga region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3661-9246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акинина</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akinina</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной селекции.</p><p>410010, Саратов, ул. Тулайкова, 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, senior researcher of the laboratory of cell breeding.</p><p>410010, Saratov, Tulaykova, 7.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-0521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьячук</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Diyachuk</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной селекции.</p><p>410010, Саратов, ул. Тулайкова, 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, main researcher of the laboratory of cell breeding FSBSI “RIA of South-East”.</p><p>410010, Saratov, Tulaykova, 7.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-5279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жилин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаборант-исследователь лаборатории клеточной селекции.</p><p>410010, Саратов, ул. Тулайкова, 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Laboratory researcher of the laboratory of cell breeding.</p><p>410010, Saratov, Tulaykova, 7.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3870-0542</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашникова</surname><given-names>Э. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnikova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной селекции.</p><p>410010, Саратов, ул. Тулайкова, 7.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of the laboratory of cell breeding.</p><p>410010, Saratov, Tulaykova, 7.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Юго-Востока</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Agriculture of South-East</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акинина В.Н., Дьячук Т.И., Жилин С.В., Калашникова Э.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акинина В.Н., Дьячук Т.И., Жилин С.В., Калашникова Э.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akinina V.N., Diyachuk T.I., Zhilin S.V., Kalashnikova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/870">https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/870</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты оценки эффективности методов культуры тканей in vitro для создания исходного материала в селекции тритикале в Поволжье. Культура незрелых зародышей (embryo rescue) применялась для получения пшенично-ржаных амфигаплоидов при скрещивании твердой пшеницы с рожью. Завязываемость гибридных зерновок варьировала от 10,4 до 47,7%. При опылении 2223 цветков твердой пшеницы завязалось 768 зерновок, из которых 604 имели зародыши с различной степенью дифференциации. Наибольшая частота завязывания гибридных зерновок обнаружена в скрещиваниях, где материнскими формами служили сорта твердой пшеницы Амазонка (47,7%), Диона (37,5%) и Аксинит (37,6%). Фертильные амфидиплоиды (первичные гексаплоидные тритикале) были получены после удвоения числа хромосом. Доращивание незрелых зародышей in vitro применялось и для получения гибридов тритикале с мягкой пшеницей в тех случаях, когда она служила материнским родителем в скрещиваниях. Эффективность гаплопродукции в культуре пыльников тритикале зависела от генотипа. Частота формирования эмбриогенных пыльников варьировала от 6,7 до 17,4%, регенерация растений от полученных новообразований составила 11,4–31,4%. Из 338 полученных растений 68 были зелеными и 270 альбиносами. </p><p>Микроклональное размножение in vitro с использованием сегментов молодых колосьев в качестве эксплантов позволило сохранить и размножить стерильные растения для дальнейших работ по восстановлению их фертильности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The current paper presents the estimation efficiency results of in vitro fabric culture methods used to develop the initial material for triticale breeding in the Povolzhie. A culture of immature embryos (embryo rescue) was used to obtain wheatrye amphigaploids when cross breeding durum wheat with rye. The hybrid kernels formation varied from 10.4 to 47.7%. When polluting 2223 flowers of durum wheat there were formed 768 kernels, 604 of which had embryos with different degrees of differentiation. The largest frequency of hybrid kernels formation was found in the hybrids where the mother forms were the durum wheat varieties “Amazonka” (47.7%), “Diona” (37.5%), and “Aksinit” (37.6%). Fertile amphidiploids (primary hexaploid triticale) were obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. In vitro immature embryo cultivation was also used to obtain triticale hybrids with soft wheat in those cases when it served as the maternal parent in cross breeding. The efficiency of haploid production in the triticale anthers depended on the genotype. The frequency of embryogenic anthers formation varied from 6.7 to 17.4%, plant regeneration from the new forms was 11.4–31.4%. The 68 obtained of the 338 plants were green and 270 were albinos. In vitro microclonal propagation using segments of young heads as explants allowed preserving and propagating sterile plants for further work to restore their fertility.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тритикале</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>культура зародышей in vitro</kwd><kwd>культура пыльников in vitro</kwd><kwd>микроклональное размножение in vitro</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>triticale</kwd><kwd>in vitro embryo culture</kwd><kwd>in vitro anthers culture</kwd><kwd>in vitro microclonal propagation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гордей И. А. Тритикале. Генетические основы создания. Минск: Наука и техника, 1992. 285 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gordej I. A. Tritikale. Geneticheskie osnovy sozdaniya [Triticale. Genetic basis of development]. 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