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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhros</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Зерновое хозяйство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grain Economy of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-8725</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-8733</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Аграрный научный центр "Донской»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31367/2079-8725-2018-59-5-63-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhros-538</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT PROTECTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение генов устойчивости к бурой ржавчине у сортов озимой мягкой пшеницы с использованием традиционных и современных методов исследований</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of the genes resistant to brown rust in winter soft wheat varieties with the use of conventional and modern research methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3863-0297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкин</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkin</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунитета и защиты растений</p><p>347740, Ростовская обл., г. Зерноград, Научный городок, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory of plant immunity and protection</p><p>347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nik.shiskin.1961@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7969-054X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дерова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунитета и защиты растений</p><p>347740, Ростовская обл., г. Зерноград, Научный городок, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>leading researcher of the laboratory for plant immunity and protection</p><p>347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok, 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">derova06@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7948-0307</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гультяева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gultyaeva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории микологии и фитопатологии</p><p>196608, г. Санкт-Петербург, г. Пушкин, шоссе Подбельского, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory of microbiology and phytopathology</p><p>196608, Saint-Petersburg, Pushkin, Av. Podbelsky, 3 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3266-6272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайдаюк</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaydayuk</surname><given-names>Е. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник лаборатории микологии и фитопатологии</p><p>196608, г. Санкт-Петербург, г. Пушкин, шоссе Подбельского, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher of the laboratory of microbiology and phytopathology</p><p>196608, Saint-Petersburg, Pushkin, Av. Podbelsky, 3 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Аграрный научный центр «Донской»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шишкин Н.В., Дерова Т.Г., Гультяева Е.И., Шайдаюк Е.Л., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шишкин Н.В., Дерова Т.Г., Гультяева Е.И., Шайдаюк Е.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shishkin N.V., Derova T.G., Gultyaeva E.I., Shaydayuk Е.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/538">https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/538</self-uri><abstract><p>Бурая ржавчина – основное заболевание сортов мягкой пшеницы на посевах в Ростовской области. Сорта пшеницы, созданные в ФГБНУ «АНЦ «Донской», в большинстве (более 87%) проявляют устойчивость к данному возбудителю. С целью получения полной иммунологической характеристики созданных сортов совместно с лабораторией микологии и фитопато­логии ФГБНУ ВИЗР были проведены исследования по идентификации генов устойчивости (Lr) на ранних этапах развития и во взрослом состоянии растений. Изучено 37 сортов озимой мягкой пшеницы на полевых инфекционных фонах юга и се­веро-запада России, в том числе методами фитопатологического теста (к трем изолятам гриба с вирулентностью к TcLr9, TcLr19, TcLr26 и зерноградской популяции патогена) и методом ПЦР-анализа с помощью 10 молекулярных маркеров: Lr1, Lr3, Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr20, Lr24, Lr26, Lr34 и Lr37. ДНК выделяли микрометодом по К. Эдвардс, ПЦР проводили в ам­плификаторе С-1000 (BioRad, США). В результате исследований установлено, что универсально устойчивых ко всем трем клонам и зерноградской популяции среди изученных сортов не выявлено. Сорта Полина, Вольница и Зерноградка 11 проя­вили устойчивость к трем клонам, но в фазу проростка проявляли восприимчивость к популяции патогена. По результатам ПЦР-анализа также не выявлено у сортов генов устойчивости Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr26. У 29 из 37 изученных сортов обнаружен ген взрослой устойчивости Lr34, а у 20 сортов – неэффективный ген Lr3, которые по отдельности и вместе не могут обеспе­чивать защиту от бурой ржавчины в полевых условиях. Это указывает на то, что устойчивые в полевых условиях сорта несут дополнительные неидентифицированные Lr-гены. У ряда сортов установлено по 2 гена устойчивости. Восприимчивый в по­левых условиях сорт Кипчак содержит утративший свою эффективность ген Lr1. Различия в степени поражения отдельных сортов в условиях Ростовской области и Санкт-Петербурга свидетельствуют об отличии северокавказской и северо-запад­ной популяций по вирулентности к возбудителю бурой ржавчины.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Brown rust is the main disease of wheat soft varieties in the Rostov region. The majority of wheat varieties (more than 87%) developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” show resistance to this causative agent. In order to obtain a complete immunological characteristics of the developed varieties, there were carried out the researches to identify the resis­tance genes (Lr) in the early and adult stages of plant growing in cooperation with the Mycology and Phytopathology Laboratory of the FSBSI ARIZR. There were studied 37 varieties of winter soft wheat on the infectious fields of the south and northwest of Russia, as well as by the methods of a phytopathological test (to three isolates of the fungus with virulence to TcLr9, TcLr19, TcLr26 and the Zernograd pathogen population) and by the PCR analysis using 10 molecular markers Lr1, Lr3, Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr20, Lr24, Lr26, Lr34 and Lr37. DNA was isolated by a micro-method according to K. Edwards, the PCR was carried out in a C-1000 amplifier (Bio Rad, US). The study established that there were no universal varieties among the studied ones which were resistant to all three clones and the Zergograd population. The varieties “Polina”, “Volnitsa” and “Zernogradka 11” showed resistance to the three clones, but in the phase of sprouting they show susceptibility to the pathogen population. According to the results of PCR analysis, the resistance genes Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr26 were also not found in the varieties. 29 out of 37 studied varieties contained the adult resistance gene Lr34, and 20 varieties had the inefficient gene Lr3, which neither apart nor together could protect the plants from brown rust in the field. This indicates that the tolerant varieties carry additional non-identified Lr-genes. In a number of varieties there have been established 2 resistance genes. The variety “Kipchak” susceptible in the field contained the Lr1 gene, which lost its effectiveness. The differences in the damage degree of some varieties in the conditions of the Rostov region and St. Peters­burg indicate a difference in the North Caucasian and northwestern populations by virulence to the causative agent of brown rust.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>озимая пшеница</kwd><kwd>бурая ржавчина</kwd><kwd>гены Lr</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>ПЦР-анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>winter wheat</kwd><kwd>brown rust</kwd><kwd>genes Lr</kwd><kwd>tolerance (resistance)</kwd><kwd>PCR-analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вожжова Н. Н. Идентификация гена устойчивости к бурой ржавчине Lr34 в сортах и коллекционных образцах озимой мягкой пшеницы Аграрного научного центра «Донской» // Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции. 2018. № 22(3). С. 329–332. 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