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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhros</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Зерновое хозяйство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grain Economy of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-8725</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-8733</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Аграрный научный центр "Донской»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31367/2079-8725-2026-102-1-50-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhros-3315</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование ретротранспозонов для оценки генетического разнообразия коллекции томата</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Using retrotransposons to assess the genetic diversity of a tomato collection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p><p>350044, г. Краснодар, ул. Калинина, д. 13</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate</p><p>350044, Krasnodar, Kalinin Str., 13</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aln8181@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8010-0137</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор РАН, профессор кафедры генетики, селекции и семеноводства</p><p>350044, г. Краснодар, ул. Калинина, д. 13</p><p>350921, г. Краснодар, пос. Белозёрный, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, professor of RAS, professor of the department of genetics, breeding and seed production</p><p>350044, Krasnodar, Kalinin Str., 13</p><p>350921, Krasnodar Region, Krasnodar, Belozerny, 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lenakrug1@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный аграрный университет» им. И.Т. Трубилина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBEI HE “Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный аграрный университет» им. И.Т. Трубилина; ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр риса»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBEI HE “Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin”; FSBSI “Federal Scientific Rice Centre”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Назаров А.Л., Дубина Е.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Назаров А.Л., Дубина Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nazarov A.L., Dubina E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/3315">https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/3315</self-uri><abstract><p>Современное сельское хозяйство при возделывании любой сельскохозяйственной культуры предъявляет высокие требования к новым сортам и гибридам. В связи с этим для правильного подбора родительских форм селекционер должен иметь точные их характеристики и представление морфотипа будущего сорта. Современные методы молекулярного маркирования с использованием высокополиморфных маркерных систем значительно упрощает оценку разнообразия коллекционных форм – источников доноров хозяйственно-ценных признаков, путем маркирования целевых генов. С целью оценки 70 коллекционных образцов томата из ВИР, которые имели разное эколого-географическое происхождение для выявления потенциальных доноров устойчивости к био– и абиотическим стрессорам, нами проведен их генетический анализ на основе ПЦР с использованием iPBS маркеров. В результате реакции амплификации протестировано 15 iPBS маркеров, из которых только десять проявили высокий уровень полиморфизма у анализируемых образцов. Получено 1923 аллеля в диапазоне от 100 до 3000 п.н. Наиболее высокий полиморфизм показал маркер 2273 (271 полоса) – 90,75 %. Таким образом, апробация iPBS-маркеров для оценки генетического разнообразия томата показала возможность их использования в данном направлении, что подтверждается статистическим анализом подсчета частот встречаемости аллелей и они могут быть рекомендованы как эффективный метод в изучении биоразнообразия как коллекционных, так и селекционных форм томата.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern agriculture places high demands on new varieties and hybrids when cultivating any crop. Therefore, to correctly select parental forms, breeders must have precise characteristics and an understanding of the future variety’s morphotype. Modern methods of molecular marking using highly polymorphic marker systems significantly simplifies the estimation of the diversity of collection forms, the sources of donors of economically valuable traits, by marking target genes. In order to evaluate 70 collection tomato samples from VIR with different ecological and geographical origins, to identify potential donors of resistance to bio- and abiotic stressors, there has been conducted their genetic analysis based on PCR using iPBS markers. There have been tested 15 iPBS markers in the amplification reaction, only ten of which have demonstrated high levels of polymorphism in the analyzed samples. There have been identified 1,923 alleles ranging from 100 to 3,000 bp. The marker 2273 (271 bands) has demonstrated the highest polymorphism with 90.75%. Thus, testing of iPBS markers to estimate the genetic diversity of tomato has shown the possibility of their use, which is confirmed by statistical analysis of the allele frequency, and they can be recommended as an effective method in studying the biodiversity of both collection and breeding forms of tomato.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коллекция томата</kwd><kwd>ПЦР анализ</kwd><kwd>iPBS маркеры</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tomato collection</kwd><kwd>PCR analysis</kwd><kwd>iPBS markers</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ в рамках программы «Приоритет-2030».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Корж С.О., Горун О. Л., Явцева Е. И. 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