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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhros</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Зерновое хозяйство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grain Economy of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-8725</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-8733</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Аграрный научный центр "Донской»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31367/2079-8725-2025-99-4-105-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhros-3201</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT PROTECTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ювенильная устойчивость сортов и линий пшеницы селекции Дальневосточного ГАУ к листостебельным болезням</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Juvenile resistance of wheat varieties and lines Developed by the far eastern SAU to leaf and stem diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3029-8621</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесникова</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikova</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Т. П. Колесникова, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник НИЛ «Защита растений», 675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Политехническая, д. 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>T. P. Kolesnikova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory “Plant protection”, 675000, Blagoveshchensk, Politekhnicheskaya Str., 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7989-4769</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терёхин</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terekhin</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Н. М. Терёхин, младший научный сотрудник НИЛ «Селекция зерновых культур», 675000, г. Благовещенск, ул. Политехническая, д. 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N. M. Terekhin, junior researcher of the laboratory “Breeding of grain crops”, 675000, Blagoveshchensk, Politekhnicheskaya Str., 86</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9716-288X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зеленева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zeleneva</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ю. В. Зеленева, доктор биологических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории микологии и фитопатологии, 196608, г. Санкт-Петербург, г. Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yu. V. Zeleneva, Doctor of Biological Sciences, associate professor, senior researcher of the laboratory for mycology and phytopathology, 196608, St. Petersburg, Pushkin, Podbelsky Av., 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zelenewa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8607-2301</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конькова</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kon’kova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Э. А. Конькова, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунитета растений к болезням, 410010, г. Саратов, ул. Тулайкова, д. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>E. A. Kon’kova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory for plant immunity to diseases,410010, Saratov, Tulaykov Str., 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-8816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Н. М. Коваленко, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунитета растений к болезням, 196608, г. Санкт-Петербург, г. Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N. M. Kovalenko, Candidate of Biological Sciences, senior researcher of the laboratory for plant immunity to diseases, 410010, Saratov, Tulaykov Str., 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Дальневосточный государственный аграрный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBEI HE “Far Eastern State Agrarian University”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection” (VIZR)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный аграрный научный центр Юго-Востока»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South- East Region”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South- East Region”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колесникова Т.П., Терёхин Н.М., Зеленева Ю.В., Конькова Э.А., Коваленко Н.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колесникова Т.П., Терёхин Н.М., Зеленева Ю.В., Конькова Э.А., Коваленко Н.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolesnikova T.P., Terekhin N.M., Zeleneva Y.V., Kon’kova E.A., Kovalenko N.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/3201">https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/3201</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследования проводили с целью оценки устойчивости районированных сортов и линий яровой мягкой пшеницы селекции Дальневосточного ГАУ к возбудителям септориоза, бурой и стеблевой ржавчинам, темно-бурой пятнистости и пиренофорозу; а также идентификации в генотипе сортов доминантных/рецессивных аллелей генов Tsn1 и Snn1. Иммунологические испытания сортов и линий мягкой пшеницы проходили в 2025 г. в лабораторных условиях во Всероссийском НИИ защиты растений (ВИЗР, г. Санкт-Петербург) и ФАНЦ Юго-Востока (г. Саратов). Материалом для исследований служили 6 сортов и 6 селекционных линий яровой мягкой пшеницы селекции Дальневосточного ГАУ. В результате исследований были выявлены различные уровни устойчивости образцов к патогенам. Устойчивость к Zymoseptoria tritici проявили 2 сорта (ДальГАУ 2, Амурская 1495) и 3 селекционные линии (КСИ-6-24, КСИ-21-24, КСИ-26-24). Линия КСИ-25-24 продемонстрировала устойчивость к Parastagonospora nodorum. К P. pseudonodorum устойчивыми оказались 3 линии (КСИ-6-24, КСИ-21-24, КСИ-25-24). Высокую устойчивость к Septoria triticicola проявили линии КСИ-6-24 и КСИ-21-24, а сорт Амурская 90 и линии КСИ-22-24 и КСИ-25-24 показали устойчивость. С помощью молекулярных маркеров Xfcp623 и Xfcp624, определяющих чувствительность растений к токсинам P. nodorumи P. pseudonodorum (ToxA и Tox1), установлено, что сорта ДальГАУ 1, ДальГАУ 2, ДальГАУ 4, Амурская 90 и Амурская 1495, а также линии КСИ-6-24, КСИ-22-24 и КСИ-25-24 имеют защиту от ToxA благодаря рецессивному аллелю tsn1. Сорт ДальГАУ 4 и линии КСИ-21-24, КСИ-22-24 и КСИ-25-24 несут рецессивный аллель snn1, обеспечивая защиту от токсина Tox1. Кроме того, сорта ДальГАУ 3 и ДальГАУ 4, а также линии КСИ-6-24, КСИ-22-24 и КСИ-25-24 продемонстрировали умеренную устойчивость (MR) к бурой ржавчине. Сорт Амурская 1495 и линия КСИ-35-24 проявили умеренную устойчивость (MR), в то время как линия КСИ-26-24 показала устойчивость (R) к стеблевой ржавчине. Устойчивую реакцию (R) к Pyrenophora tritici-repentis продемонстрировали 4 сорта (ДальГАУ 1, ДальГАУ 2, Амурская 90, Амурская 1495) и одна селекционная линия (КСИ-26-24). Устойчивость на стадии проростков к Bipolaris sorokiniana проявили сорта ДальГАУ 3 и ДальГАУ 4, а также линии КСИ-22-24 и КСИ-25-24.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The current study was conducted to estimate the resistance of zoned spring common wheat varieties and lines developed by the Far Eastern SAU to the pathogens of leaf blotch, brown and stem rust, dark brown blotch and net blotch; as well as to identify dominant/recessive alleles of the Tsn1 and Snn1 genes in the genotype of varieties. Immunological tests of common wheat varieties and lines were conducted in the laboratory conditions at the All-Russian RI of Plant Protection (VIZR, St. Petersburg) and the FARC of South-East (Saratov) in 2025. The objects for the study were 6 spring common wheat varieties and 6 lines developed by the Far Eastern SAU. As a result, there have been identified different resistance levels of the samples to pathogens. Resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici was shown by 2 varieties (‘DalGAU 2’, ‘Amurskaya 1495’) and 3 breeding lines (‘KSI-6-24’, ‘KSI-21-24’, ‘KSI-26-24’). The line ‘KSI-25-24’ has demonstrated resistance to Parastagonospora nodorum. Three lines ‘KSI-6-24’, ‘KSI-21-24’ and ‘KSI-25-24’ were resistant to P. pseudonodorum. High resistance to Septoria triticicola was demonstrated by the lines ‘KSI-6-24’ and ‘KSI-21-24’, and the variety ‘Amurskaya 90’ and the lines ‘KSI-22-24’ and ‘KSI-25-24’ showed ordinary resistance. Using the molecular markers Xfcp623 and Xfcp624, which determine plant sensitivity to the toxins of P. nodorum and P. pseudonodorum (ToxA and Tox1), there has been established that the varieties ‘DalGAU 1’, ‘DalGAU 2’, ‘DalGAU 4’, ‘Amurskaya 90’ and ‘Amurskaya 1495’, as well as the lines ‘KSI-6-24’, ‘KSI-22-24’ and ‘KSI-25-24’ have protection from ToxA due to the recessive tsn1 allele. The variety ‘DalGAU 4’ and the lines ‘KSI-21-24’, ‘KSI-22-24’ and ‘KSI-25-24’ carry the recessive snn1 allele, providing protection from the toxin Tox1. In addition, the varieties ‘DalGAU 3’ and ‘DalGAU 4’, as well as the lines ‘KSI-6-24’, ‘KSI-22-24’ and ‘KSI-25-24’ have demonstrated moderate resistance (MR) to leaf rust. The variety ‘Amurskaya 1495’ and the line ‘KSI-35-24’ have shown moderate resistance (MR), while the line ‘KSI-26-24’ showed resistance (R) to stem rust. Four varieties ‘DalGAU 1’, ‘DalGAU 2’, ‘Amurskaya 90’, ‘Amurskaya 1495’ and one breeding line ‘KSI-26-24’ have demonstrated a resistant reaction (R) to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. The varieties ‘DalGAU 3’ and ‘DalGAU 4’, as well as the lines ‘KSI-22-24’ and’ KSI-25-24’ have shown resistance to Bipolaris sorokiniana at the sprouting stage.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Zymoseptoria tritici</kwd><kwd>Parastagonospora nodorum</kwd><kwd>P. pseudonodorum</kwd><kwd>Septoria triticicola</kwd><kwd>Bipolaris sorokiniana</kwd><kwd>Puccinia triticina</kwd><kwd>Puccinia graminis</kwd><kwd>Pyrenophora tritici-repentis</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетический анализ</kwd><kwd>ПЦР</kwd><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>фитопатогенные грибы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Zymoseptoria tritici</kwd><kwd>Parastagonospora nodorum</kwd><kwd>P. pseudonodorum</kwd><kwd>Septoria triticicola</kwd><kwd>Bipolaris sorokiniana</kwd><kwd>Puccinia triticina</kwd><kwd>Puccinia graminis</kwd><kwd>Pyrenophora tritici-repentis</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic analysis</kwd><kwd>PCR</kwd><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>phytopathogenic fungi</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда, проект № 19-76-30005</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Конькова Э. 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