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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhros</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Зерновое хозяйство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grain Economy of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-8725</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-8733</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Аграрный научный центр "Донской»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31367/2079-8725-2024-94-5-101-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhros-2819</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕЕ ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ И РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL AGRICULTURE AND PLANT BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Урожайновсть озимого ячменя в южной зоне Ростовской области при посеве по предшественнику подсолнечник с разными нормами высева</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Winter barley productivity in the southern part of the Rostov region when sowing sunflower as a forecrop with different seeding rates</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4172-0878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухарев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukharev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории технологии возделывания зерновых и пропашных культур</p><p>347730, Ростовская обл., г. Зерноград, ул. Научный городок, д. 3; е-mail: vniizk30@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, senior researcher of the laboratory for cultivation technology of grain and row crops</p><p>347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok Str., 3; e-mail: vniizk30@mail.ru</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6667-2032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсянникова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovsyannikova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории технологии возделывания зерновых и пропашных культур</p><p>347730, Ростовская обл., г. Зерноград, ул. Научный городок, д. 3; е-mail: vniizk30@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory for cultivation technology of grain and row crops</p><p>347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok Str., 3; e-mail: vniizk30@mail.ru</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6086-1441</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копман</surname><given-names>И. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kopman</surname><given-names>I. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>агроном лаборатории технологии возделывания зерновых и пропашных культур</p><p>347730, Ростовская обл., г. Зерноград, ул. Научный городок, д. 3; е-mail: vniizk30@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>agronomist of the laboratory for cultivation technology of grain and row crops</p><p>347740, Rostov region, Zernograd, Nauchny Gorodok Str., 3; e-mail: vniizk30@mail.ru</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Аграрный научный центр «Донской»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сухарев А.А., Овсянникова Г.В., Копман И.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сухарев А.А., Овсянникова Г.В., Копман И.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sukharev A.A., Ovsyannikova G.V., Kopman I.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/2819">https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/2819</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследования проводили в южной зоне Ростовской области в агротехническом севообороте лаборатории технологии возделывания зерновых и пропашных культур ФГБНУ «АНЦ «Донской» в 2021–2023 сельскохозяйственные годы. Цель исследований – определить влияние норм высева на урожайность различных сортов озимого ячменя по предшественнику подсолнечник. Проведенные исследования позволили выявить реакцию сортов озимого ячменя на разные нормы высева. Сорт озимого ячменя Маруся в среднем за годы исследований формировал максимальную урожайность зерна – 6,43 т/га при посеве с наименьшей нормой высева (3 млн шт. всхожих зерен на 1 га). Для сортов Виват и Фокс 1 оптимальной нормой высева был посев с нормой высева 4 млн шт. всхожих семян на 1 га, а полученная урожайность составила 6,31 и 5,81 т/га соответственно. Реакция исследуемых сортов озимого ячменя на нормы высева была различной по годам, но влияние данного фактора было невысоким – 4,6–10,5 %. Достоверные различия в опыте были получены только у сорта Виват на всех вариантах норм высева. Урожайность озимого ячменя определялась выбором сорта, а влияние этого фактора колебалось от 32,5 до 78,1 %. Определено, что при посеве с наименьшей нормой высева (3 млн шт. всхожих зерен на 1 га) у всех сортов озимого ячменя в опыте были наибольшими количество зерен в колосе и масса зерна с колоса – 36,3–43,2 г и 1,62–2,10 г соответственно. Установлено, что в варианте с данной нормой высева сорта формировали выполненное крупное зерно (натура – 637–660 г/л) с массой 1000 зерен в интервале 42,1–43,8 г и содержанием белка в зерне от 10,8 до 11,3 %. Выявлена экономическая эффективность возделывания сортов Виват, Маруся и Фокс 1 при посеве их с наименьшей нормой высева – 3 млн шт. всхожих зерен на 1 га. При низкой себестоимости произведенного зерна (5405–6136 руб./т) в этом варианте опыта у сортов были получены максимальный условный чистый доход (34378–45499 руб./га) и рентабельность производства (108–147 %).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The current study was conducted in the southern part of the Rostov region in the agrotechnical crop rotation of the laboratory for cultivation technology of grain and row crops of the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2021–2023. The purpose of the study was to determine the eﬀect of seeding rates on productivity of various winter barley varieties sown after sunﬂower. The conducted study allowed identifying the response of winter barley varieties to diﬀerent seeding rates. The winter barley variety ‘Marusya’ on average over the years of research formed the mean maximum grain productivity of 6.43 t/ha when sowing with the lowest seeding rate (3 million pcs. of germ. grains per 1 ha). For the varieties ‘Vivat’ and ‘Foks 1’, the optimal seeding rate was 4 million pcs. of germ. seeds per 1 ha, and the obtained productivity was 6.31 and 5.81 t/ha, respectively. The response of the studied winter barley varieties to seeding rates was diﬀerent through the years, but the eﬀect of this factor was 4.6–10.5 %. Reliable diﬀerences in the experiment were obtained only for the variety ‘Vivat’ for all seeding rates. The winter barley productivity was determined by the choice of a variety, and the eﬀect of this factor ranged from 32.5 to 78.1 %. There was determined that when sowing with the lowest seeding rate (3 million pcs. of germ. grains per 1 ha), all winter barley varieties in the trial had the largest number of grains per ear and grain weight per ear with 36.3–43.2 g and 1.62–2.10 g, respectively. There was established that in the variant with this seeding rate, the varieties formed a heavy, large-size grain (nature weight of 637–660 g/l) with ‘1000-grain weight’ of 42.1–43.8 g and 10.8 to 11.3 % of protein in grain. There has been established an economic eﬃciency of cultivating the varieties ‘Vivat’, ‘Marusya’ and ‘Foks 1’ when sowing them with the lowest seeding rate of 3 million pcs. of germ. grains per 1 ha. With a low cost price of produced grain (5405–6136 rubles/t), in this variant of trial, the varieties obtained the maximum conditional net income (34378–45499 rubles/ha) and production proﬁtability (108–147%).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>озимый ячмень</kwd><kwd>сорт</kwd><kwd>норма высева</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd><kwd>качество зерна</kwd><kwd>экономическая эффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>winter barley</kwd><kwd>variety</kwd><kwd>seeding rate</kwd><kwd>productivity</kwd><kwd>grain quality</kwd><kwd>economic efficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дериглазова Г.М., Лазарев В.И., Минченко Ж.Н. Эффективность основных приемов и способов возделывания ярового ячменя в условиях ЦЧР // Достижения науки и техники АПК. 2023. Т. 37, № 7. С. 34–38. 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