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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhros</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Зерновое хозяйство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grain Economy of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-8725</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-8733</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Аграрный научный центр "Донской»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31367/2079-8725-2024-92-3-18-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhros-2703</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы сочетания методов гаплоидной биотехнологии и редактирования геномов для совершенствования колосовых злаков семейства Triticeae (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prospects for combining the methods of haploid biotechnology and genome editing to improve spiked grains of the Triticeae family (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3080-5077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жильцов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhiltsov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточных биотехнологий эмбриогенеза зерновых культур</p><p>143026, Московская обл., г.п. Одинцово, р.п. Новоивановское, ул. Агрохимиков, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior researcher of the of the laboratory for cell biotechnologies of grain embryo genesis</p><p>143026, Moscow region, Odintsovsky region, Odintsovsky district, v. of Novoivanovskoe, Agrokhimikov Str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhiltsoff.sasha2013@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7052-0789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чекалин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chekalin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточных биотехнологий эмбриогенеза зерновых культур</p><p>143026, Московская обл., г.п. Одинцово, р.п. Новоивановское, ул. Агрохимиков, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>of the laboratory for cell biotechnologies of grain embryo genesis</p><p>143026, Moscow region, Odintsovsky region, Odintsovsky district, v. of Novoivanovskoe, Agrokhimikov Str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sasha.chekalin.98@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь лаборатории клеточных биотехнологий эмбриогенеза зерновых культур</p><p>143026, Московская обл., г.п. Одинцово, р.п. Новоивановское, ул. Агрохимиков, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>aboratory assistant-researcher of the laboratory for cell biotechnologies of grain embryo genesis</p><p>143026, Moscow region, Odintsovsky region, Odintsovsky district, v. of Novoivanovskoe, Agrokhimikov Str., 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3406-6277</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дуванов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Duvanov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточных биотехнологий эмбриогенеза зерновых культур</p><p>143026, Московская обл., г.п. Одинцово, р.п. Новоивановское, ул. Агрохимиков, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>researcher of the laboratory for cell biotechnologies of grain embryo genesis</p><p>143026, Moscow region, Odintsovsky region, Odintsovsky district, v. of Novoivanovskoe, Agrokhimikov Str., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">biotechduvanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3975-7484</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошниченко</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnichenko</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией клеточных биотехнологий эмбриогенеза зерновых культур; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории генетической инженерии растений  </p><p>143026, Московская обл., г.п. Одинцово, р.п. Новоивановское, ул. Агрохимиков, д. 6; 127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, д. 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, head of the laboratoryfor cell biotechnologies of grain embryo genesis; senior researcher of the laboratory for plant genetic engineering  </p><p>143026, Moscow region, Odintsovsky region, Odintsovsky district, v. of Novoivanovskoe, Agrokhimikov Str., 6; 127550, Moscow, Timiryazevskaya Str., 42</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iab@iab.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр «Немчиновка»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Federal Research Center “Nemchinovka”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр «Немчиновка»; ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной биотехнологии» (ФГБНУ ВНИИСБ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Federal Research Center “Nemchinovka”; FSBSI “All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology” (FSBSI ARRIAB)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жильцов А.В., Чекалин А.А., Попова О.В., Дуванов И.В., Мирошниченко Д.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жильцов А.В., Чекалин А.А., Попова О.В., Дуванов И.В., Мирошниченко Д.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhiltsov A.V., Chekalin A.A., Popova O.V., Duvanov I.V., Miroshnichenko D.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/2703">https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/2703</self-uri><abstract><p>За последние несколько десятилетий гаплоидные биотехнологии стали неотъемлемой частью селекционных программ для многих сельскохозяйственных культур. С помощью стратегии удвоения гаплоидов, индуцируемых в культуре гаметных клеток и тканей in vitro, посредством андрогенеза, гиногенеза и отдаленной гибридизации стало возможным значительно сократить время создания новых сортов. С помощью технологии удвоенных гаплоидов в течение одной-двух генераций можно получить выровненные гомозиготные линии, которые не только помогают ускорить селекционный процесс, но и являются хорошим подспорьем в изучении ряда научно-практических проблем. Другой перспективный инструмент для получения линий и образцов с заданными признаками в пределах нескольких поколений – редактирование генома с помощью различных редактирующих комплексов на основе нуклеаз. Появившаяся десять лет назад технология редактирования генома CRISPR/Cas9 позволяет решать самые разнообразные задачи функциональной геномики растений, включая инженерию устойчивости к биотическим и абиотическим стрессам, повышение урожайности и качества продукции. Она превосходит большинство известных методов улучшения сортов по признакам, имеющим моноили полигенный контроль, поскольку дает возможность одновременного изменения нескольких генов, что актуально для полиплоидных видов. Неотъемлемой частью геномного редактирования растений, как и технологий гаплоидогенеза, является культура клеток и тканей in vitro, что открывает возможность их комбинирования. Сочетание технологий позволяет напрямую получать гомозиготные растения с новыми ген-специфичными мутациями, что обеспечивает увеличение генетического разнообразия и ускоряет отбор линейного материала, несущего новые хозяйственно полезные признаки. В представленном обзоре обобщен опыт комбинирования методов гаплоидии и геномного редактирования у колосовых злаков семейства Triticeae. Помимо анализа современного состояния, рассмотрены перспективы дальнейшего развития технологий получения гаплоидов пшеницы, ячменя, тритикале и ржи с отредактированным геномом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Over the past few decades, haploid biotechnologies have become an integral part of breeding programs for many crops. Using the strategy of doubling haploids induced in the culture of gametic cells and tissues in vitro, through androgenesis, gynogenesis and distant hybridization, it became possible to significantly reduce the time for developing new varieties. Using the technology of doubled haploids, within one or two generations, it is possible to obtain aligned homozygous lines, which can both help speed up the breeding process and study several scientific and practical issues. Another promising tool for developing lines and samples with specified traits within several generations is genome editing (engineering) using various nuclease-based engineering complexes. The CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology, which came into use ten years ago, allows solving a wide variety of problems in plant functional genomics, including engineering resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, improving productivity and product quality. The technology is better than the most known methods for improving varieties for the traits which have mono- or polygenic control, since it allows changing several genes simultaneously, which is important for polyploid species. An integral part of plant genome editing, as well as haploidogenesis technologies, is cell and tissue culture in vitro, which gives possibility for their combination. The combination of technologies allows producing homozygous plants with new gene-specific mutations, which improves genetic diversity and accelerates the selection of linear material with new economically valuable traits. The current review has summarized the experience of combining haploidy and genome editing methods in spiked grains of the Triticeae family. In addition to analyzing the current state, there have been considered the prospects for further development of technologies for obtaining haploids of wheat, barley, triticale, and rye with an edited genome.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>ячмень</kwd><kwd>рожь</kwd><kwd>тритикале</kwd><kwd>редактирование генома</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein – эндонуклеазы Cas</kwd><kwd>ассоциированные с короткими палиндромными повторами)</kwd><kwd>TALEN (transcription activator-like effector nucleases – эффекторные нуклеазы</kwd><kwd>подобные активаторам транскрипции)</kwd><kwd>ZFN (Zinc-finger nucleases – цинково-пальцевые нуклеазы)</kwd><kwd>дигаплоиды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>barley</kwd><kwd>oats</kwd><kwd>triticale</kwd><kwd>genome editing (engineering)</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein)</kwd><kwd>TALEN (transcription activator-like effector nucleases)</kwd><kwd>ZFN (Zinc-finger nucleases)</kwd><kwd>dihaploids</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дьячук Т.И., Акинина В.Н., Жилин С.В., Хомякова О.В., Барнашова Е.К., Калашникова Э.В., Окладникова В.П. 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