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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhros</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Зерновое хозяйство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grain Economy of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-8725</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-8733</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Аграрный научный центр "Донской»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-88-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhros-2649</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕЕ ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ И РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL AGRICULTURE AND PLANT BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ фотосинтетического потенциала новых сортов ярового ячменя в зоне засушливого климата Нижнего Поволжья</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the photosynthetic potential of new spring barley varieties in the arid climate zone of the Lower Volga region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3852-5358</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гузенко</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guzenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p><p>лаборатория селекции, семеноводства и питомниководства</p><p>400062; пр-кт Университетский, д. 97; Волгоград</p><p>e-mail: info@vfanc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior researcher</p><p>laboratory for breeding, seed production and nursery production</p><p>400062; Universitetsky Pr., 97; Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">guzenko-ay@vfanc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1576-7824</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солонкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solonkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, заместитель директора, руководитель центра</p><p>селекционно-семеноводческий центр</p><p>400062; пр-кт Университетский, д. 97; Волгоград</p><p>e-mail: info@vfanc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, deputy director,head of the Center</p><p>Center of breeding and seed production</p><p>400062; Universitetsky Pr., 97; Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solonkin-a@vfanc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-4303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Донцова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dontsova</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>отдел селекции и семеноводства ячменя</p><p>347740; ул. Научный городок, д. 3; Ростовская область; Зерноград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher</p><p>department of barley breeding and seed production</p><p>347740; Nauchny Gorodok Str., 3; Rostov region; Zernograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doncova601@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр агроэкологии, комплексных мелиораций и защитного лесоразведения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Federal Research Center of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of RAS”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Аграрный научный центр «Донской»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гузенко А.Ю., Солонкин А.В., Донцова А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гузенко А.Ю., Солонкин А.В., Донцова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guzenko A.V., Solonkin A.V., Dontsova А.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/2649">https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/2649</self-uri><abstract><p>   В связи с изменением климатических условий в сторону аридизации в Южном федеральном округе за последние тридцать лет резко упала урожайность ярового ячменя. В 2022–2023 гг. на основе ранних исследований и данных по метеорологическим прогнозам в Волгоградской области был заложен опытный участок на базе Федерального научного центра агроэкологии РАН в Городищенском районе по испытанию ярового ячменя сортов Медикум 139 (стандарт, ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН), Ратник, Федос, Формат, Азимут, Щедрый, Леон (ФГБНУ «АНЦ «Донской»). Данные сорта были выбраны по своим характеристикам как наиболее устойчивые к абиотическим стресс-факторам среды. Все учеты и наблюдения проводили согласно общепринятым методикам. В течение вегетационного периода проводили наблюдения и брали пробы для изучения фотосинтетических показателей в фазы «всходы», «кущение», «выход в трубку», «колошение». Также проводилась листовая диагностика мобильной лабораторией «Экотест-2020» на подвижность хлоропластов и элементов питания в растениях в фазу кущения. Установлено, что сорта ярового ячменя Азимут, Формат, Щедрый и Леон показали наиболее высокую адаптивность в острозасушливых условиях Волгоградской области. По анализируемым признакам фотосинтетической деятельности выделился сорт Азимут, внесенный с 2022 г. в Госреестр селекционных достижений РФ по Нижневолжскому региону.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Since the climatic conditions have become more arid in the Southern Federal District over the past thirty years, spring barley productivity has sharply reduced. According to the early research and data on meteorological forecasts, in 2022–2023 in the Gorodishchensky district of the Volgograd region there was established an experimental plot based on the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of RAS to test such spring barley varieties as ‘Medikum 139’ (standard, FRC of Agroecology of RAS), ‘Ratnik’, ‘Fedos’, ‘Format’, ‘Azimuth’ ‘Shchedry’, ‘Leon’ (FSBRI “ARC “Donskoy”). These varieties were selected based on their characteristics as the most resistant to abiotic stress factors of the environment. All records and observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods. During the vegetation period, there were carried out observations and there were taken samples to study photosynthetic indicators in the sprouting, tillering, booting, heading stages. There was also carried out leaf diagnostics by the mobile laboratory «Ecotest-2020» to identify the mobility of chloroplasts and nutrients in plants during the tillering period. There was established that the spring barley varieties ‘Azimut’, ‘Format’, ‘Shchedry’ and ‘Leon’ showed the highest adaptability to the acutely arid conditions of the Volgograd region. Based on the analyzed traits of photosynthetic activity, the variety ‘Azimut’ has been included in the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation for the Lower Volga region since 2022.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фотосинтеческий потенциал</kwd><kwd>«Экотест-2020»</kwd><kwd>яровой ячмень</kwd><kwd>листовая диагностика</kwd><kwd>сухое вещество</kwd><kwd>хлорофилл в листьях</kwd><kwd>засухоустойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>photosynthetic potential</kwd><kwd>«Ecotest-2020»</kwd><kwd>spring barley</kwd><kwd>leaf diagnostics</kwd><kwd>dry matter</kwd><kwd>chlorophyll in leaves</kwd><kwd>drought resistance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Государственного задания № FNFE-2022-0010 «Создание новых конкурентоспособных форм, сортов и гибридов культурных, древесных и кустарниковых растений с высокими показателями продуктивности, качества и повышенной устойчивостью к неблагоприятным факторам внешней среды, новые инновационные технологии в семеноводстве и питомниководстве с учетом сортовых особенностей и почвенно-климатических условий аридных территорий Российской Федерации»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Job completed within State tasks No. FNFE-2022-0010 “Creation of new competitive forms, varieties and hybrids of cultivated, tree and shrub plants with high levels of productivity, quality and increased resistance to adverse environmental factors, new innovative technologies in seed production and nursery farming, taking into account varietal characteristics and soil and climatic conditions arid territories of the Russian Federation"</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гузенко, А. 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