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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhros</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Зерновое хозяйство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grain Economy of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-8725</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2079-8733</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Аграрный научный центр "Донской»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhros-175</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT-GROWING AND PLANT-BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ СОРТОВ ЗЕРНОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР И ЗАДАЧИ СЕЛЕКЦИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ECOLOGICAL STABILITY OF GRAIN CROP VARIETIES AND TASKS OF BREEDING</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаренко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Академик РАН</p><p>143026, Московская область, Одинцовский район, Новоивановское, ул. Калинина,1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аcademician of RAS</p><p>143026, Moscow region, Odintsovsky district, Novoivanovskoe, Kalinin Str., 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Московский НИИСХ «Немчиновка»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI Moscow RIA “Nemchinovka”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гончаренко А.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гончаренко А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goncharenko A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/175">https://www.zhros.online/jour/article/view/175</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведено сравнительное изучение новых и старых сортов 6 зерновых культур (озимая рожь, озимая и яровая пшеница, озимая тритикале, ячмень, овес) по степени экологического варьирования (CV), фенотипической стабильности (SF) и экологической пластичности (bi) признака урожайности. Показано, что по всем культурам, кроме ржи, новые сорта отличаются более высокой вариабельностью урожайности, чем старые. У сортов с высоким потенциалом урожайности доля варьирования урожайности, обусловленная экологическими факторами, возрастает, а доля влияния генотипа сорта на это варьирование снижается. Сделано заключение, что с ростом потенциальной продуктивности сортов их экологическая устойчивость снижается и ее не удается повысить методами селекции. Эффективность селекции будет выше, если ее стратегический вектор будет направлен на специфическую адаптацию сортов к доминирующим условиям региона. Особый приоритет должна получить селекция на адаптивность к контрастным погодным условиям. Обсуждены пути оптимизации селекции на экологическую устойчивость.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of the comparative study of the new and old varieties of six grain crops (winter rye, winter and spring wheat, winter triticale, spring barley, oats), conducted among the crops according to the range of environmental varying (CV), phenotypic stability (SF) and ecologic adaptability (bi) of productivity trait. The study shows that the new varieties of all crops excluding rye possess higher variability of productivity than the old varieties. The varieties with high potential of productivity the share of its variability, caused by environmental factors, increases, but the effect of variety gene type on the variability reduces. The conclusion has been made that if the potential productivity of the varieties increases, their environmental stability decreases and it can’t be raised with the breeding technologies. The breeding efficiency will be higher if its strategy is directed to the special adaptation of the varieties to the dominant conditions of the region. The priority should be given to the breeding of the varieties on the adaptability to the contrasting weather conditions. The ways of improvement of the breeding on the environmental stability are being discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сорт</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd><kwd>экологическое варьирование</kwd><kwd>фенотипическая стабильность</kwd><kwd>экологическая пластичность</kwd><kwd>технология возделывания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>variety</kwd><kwd>productivity</kwd><kwd>environmental varying</kwd><kwd>phenotypic stability</kwd><kwd>ecologic adaptability</kwd><kwd>cultivation technology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жученко, А.А. 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